Weed Management for “Newer” Peanut Counties
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Transcript of Weed Management for “Newer” Peanut Counties
Weed Management for “Newer” Peanut Counties
Dr. Eric P. Prostko
Extension Weed Specialist
Dept. of Crop & Soil Sciences
University of Georgia
TiftonApril 2004
Some things to think about….
know your weeds rotational crops field by field
treatments?? weed competition
Weed Competition
100% weed control is not practical 1st 4-6 weeks most important later emerging weeds usually do not
cause yield losses (harvest problems) all weeds are not created equal generally, grass weeds more competitive
than broadleaf weeds
Peanut yield losses (%) caused by various weeds
at a density of 1 plant/meter of crop row.
70
40
3124
2014
0
15
30
45
60
75
Source: Thomas et al., 2004, Weed Technology 18:119-123
The Peanut Weed Control Toolbox16 active ingredients
PPI/PRESonalanProwl/PendimaxDual MagnumFrontier/OutlookPursuitStrongarmValorZorial
POSTGramoxone MaxBasagranUltra BlazerCadreClassicPoastPursuitSelect/ArrowStorm
2,4-DB
The foundation of weed management in peanuts is the yellow/DNA herbicides!
Sonalan, Prowl, Pendimax , Prowl H2O
inexpensive Texas panicum Florida pusley must be incorporated
by tillage or irrigation
Herbicide Incorporation
type of equipment number of passes soil condition
– too wet• reduce soil movement
• clods
• increase in volatility
– too dry• reduced adsorption
• increased soil flow
Herbicide Incorporation
Herbicide Incorporation
or
Equally as effectiveCenter-pivot irrigation is $2-7/A cheaper!
Strongarm or Valor
soil-applied broadleaf weed both weak on
sicklepod crop injury rotation restrictions price/A
Strongarm vs. Valor
Strongarm ValorFL beggarweed + ++y. nutsedge + -b. starbur ++ +t. croton + ++morningglories ++ +poinsettia + +RotationsInjury problemsCost/A
-no
16.00
+yes
13.50
Avoid Valor Injury
read entire label!! calibrate sprayer plant at least 1.5” deep apply immediately after
planting rainfall at-cracking will
cause injury clean sprayer before
treating cotton
Valor Clean-Up Procedures
tank vs. hose issue polyurethane vs.
rubber anti-drip systems with
diaphragms flush hoses after use release pressure delay spraying for 20-
30 seconds
Valor Rotation Restrictions
Strongarm Rotational Restrictions
Consider Using Paraquat
less than $2.00/A if not using Valor or
Strongarm if beggarweed, sicklepod
and t. panicum are main problems
apply early tank-mixes with Basagran,
Storm, 2,4-D, Dual
Gramoxone Max 8 ozs/A
Gramoxone Max10 ozs/A
+ Storm (1.5 pt/A)
1 DAT
Consider Using Cadre controls most weeds
except ragweed, croton, bristly starbur
Is it worth the rotational crop risk??
Cadre Rotational Restrictions
When is the best time to use Cadre?
following an “at-crack” application of paraquat
or following a PRE
application of Valor or Strongarm
If you cannot use Cadre…...
weed control costs will probably be higher purple nutsedge will not be controlled Dual Magnum ($10-14/A) but not as
effective. Older herbicides (Basagran, Blazer, Storm)
effective but have some weaknesses
Enemies of POST Herbicides
dry weather big weeds
Get the most from your Posts!
can’t do much about the weather but can greatly influence application * calibration
* timing
* adjuvants
* nozzle selection
* spray volume
* antagonism
Optimum Timing of POST Applications
definitely
probably
No way!!!
Weed control programs for $355/ton peanuts?(approximate costs/A)
Program 1(15 GAP, not including application)
Herbicide Rate/A Timing Cost/A
Sonalan 2 pts PRE 5.66
Valor 3 ozs PRE 13.50
Cadre 1.0 ozs POST 12.00
Crop Oil 1% v/v POST 1.62
Total 32.78
Program 2 (15 GAP, not including application)
Herbicide Rate/A Timing Cost/A
Pendimax 2.4 pts PRE 5.10
Strongarm 0.45 ozs PRE 16.00
Cadre 1.00 ozs POST 12.00
Crop Oil 1% v/v POST 1.62
Total 34.72
* weed resistance potential increased with this program
Program 3 (15 GAP, not including application)
Herbicide Rate/A Timing Cost/ASonalan 2 pts PPI/PRE 5.66
GramoxoneMax
5.5 ozs CRACK 1.59
NIS 0.25% v/v CRACK 0.67Cadre 1.00 ozs POST 12.00
Crop Oil
Total
1% v/v POST 1.62
21.54
Program 4 (15 GAP, not including application)
Herbicide Rate/A Timing Cost/ASonalan 2 pts PPI/PRE 5.66
Gramoxone 5.5 ozs CRACK 1.59Storm 1.5 pt CRACK 12.75NIS 0.25%
v/vCRACK 0.67
Cadre 1.00 ozs POST 12.00Crop Oil
Total
1% v/v POST 1.62
34.29
What herbicides do the top “older” peanut growers use?
2003 Peanut Achievement Club 16 Farms
– average farm size• 454 acres
– average yield• 5141 lbs/A
Top 5 herbicides used– Sonalan = 94%– Cadre = 81%– Gramoxone Max = 56%– 2,4-DB = 50%– Valor, Basagran = 37%