Web accessibility workshop 3

Web Accessibility WorkshopSession Three

Vladimir Tomberg, PhDTallinn University

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Today Workshop

1. Presentation of the Homework;2. Alternative Input Devices;3. Other Assistive Products;4. Assistive Technology in different OS;5. WAI ARIA Readers Demo;6. Homework Assignment 3

Web Accessibility Workshop

3Web Accessibility Workshop

1. PRESENTATION OF HOMEWORKPlease be prepared to share your experience!

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2. ALTERNATIVE INPUT DEVICESAssistive Technologies



Alternative Keyboards

• Featuring larger- or smaller-than-standard keys or keyboards, alternative key configurations, and keyboards for use with one hand.

Source: microsoft.com

http://www.microsoft.com/enable/at/types.aspx


Alternative Layout Keyboards

Source: mayer-johnson.com

http://www.mayer-johnson.com/intellikeys-for-mac-windows?gclid=CPXNucae9L0CFcHNcgod5AgAnQ


Big Keys Keyboard

Source: try-it.ie

http://www.try-it.ie/ItemDisplay.do?fetchIdKey=156


Big Keys Keyboards with Key-Guards

Source: click2go.ie

http://www.click2go.ie/all-products/big-keys-keyguards/


One-Handed Keyboards

Source: enablemart.com

http://www.enablemart.com/maltron-one-handed-keyboard


One Hand “Half Keyboard”

Source: infogrip.com

http://www.infogrip.com/products/keyboards/one-hand/


One Hand Keyboard

Source: infogrip.com

http://www.infogrip.com/products/keyboards/one-hand/


Foot Pedals

• Foot pedals can allow to designate which key each pedal represents;

• Pedal can be used instead of keys one commonly has trouble with, such as shift, ctrl or space;

• Foot pedals can be purchased individually or in sets of two or three.


Foot Pedal

Source: kinesis-ergo.com

http://www.kinesis-ergo.com/shop/savant-elite-3-pedal-3/


Electronic Pointing Devices

• Electronic pointing devices used to control the cursor on the screen without use of hands. Devices used include: Ultrasound, Infrared beams, Eye movements, Nerve signals, Brain waves




Eye Movements Tracking Device

Source: abletech.ca

http://abletech.ca/products/computer-access/specialized-pointing-devices/


Head Movement based Cursor Control

Source: naturalpoint.com

https://www.naturalpoint.com/smartnav/products/about.html


Control of Wheelchairs with Brain Waves

Source: asiabiomed.wordpress.com

http://asiabiomed.wordpress.com/category/robotics/


Joysticks

• Joysticks — manipulated by hand, feet, chin, etc. and used to control the cursor on screen.




Trackballs

• Trackballs—movable balls on top of a base that can be used to move the cursor on screen




Touch Screens

• Touch screens — allow direct selection or activation of the computer by touching the screen, making it easier to select an option directly rather than through a mouse movement or keyboard;

• Touch screens are either built into the computer monitor or can be added onto a computer monitor.




Touch Screen


Sip-and-Puff systems

• Sip-and-Puff or Sip 'n' Puff (SNP) technology is a method used to send signals to a device using air pressure by "sipping" (inhaling) or "puffing" (exhaling) on a straw, tube or "wand

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3. OTHER ASSISTIVE PRODUCTSAssistive Technologies



Braille Embossers

• Braille embossers transfer computer generated text into embossed Braille output;

• Braille translation programs convert text scanned-in or generated via standard word processing programs into Braille, which can be printed on the embosser




Braille Printer

Source: www.gizmag.com

http://www.gizmag.com/go/3673/picture/8200/


Keyboard Filters

• Keyboard filters are typing aids such as word prediction utilities and add-on spelling checkers that reduce the required number of keystrokes;

• Keyboard filters enable users to quickly access the letters they need and to avoid inadvertently selecting keys they don't want




WiViK Keyboard with Prediction


Link to Other On-Screen Keyboards

• https://touch-base.com/documentation/ Virtual%20Keyboards.htm

https://touch-base.com/documentation/Virtual%20Keyboards.htm




Light Signaler Alerts

• Light signaler alerts monitor computer sounds and alert the computer user with light signals;

• This is useful when a computer user can not hear computer sounds or is not directly in front of the computer screen;

• As an example, a light can flash alerting the user when a new e-mail message has arrived or a computer command has completed




Light Signaler Alert Device

Source: freebiefrenzy2.blogspot.com

http://freebiefrenzy2.blogspot.com/2013/04/review-sonic-alert-sonic-connect-2.html


On-Screen Keyboards

• On-screen keyboards provide an image of a standard or modified keyboard on the computer screen that allows the user to select keys with a mouse, touch screen, trackball, joystick, switch, or electronic pointing device;

• On-screen keyboards often have a scanning option that highlights individual keys that can be selected by the user;

• On-screen keyboards are helpful for individuals who are not able to use a standard keyboard due to dexterity or mobility difficulties.




Single Switch

Image Source: spectronicsinoz.com

http://www.spectronicsinoz.com/blog/techniques-and-tips/complex-needs-and-switches-it-could-be-you/


Single Switch Access to iPad Using Switch Control

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TH540kuBDwo

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TH540kuBDwo


Reading Tools and Learning Disabilities Programs

• Reading tools and learning disabilities programs include software and hardware designed to make text-based materials more accessible for people who have difficulty with reading;

• Options can include scanning, reformatting, navigating, or speaking text out loud;

• These programs are helpful for those who have difficulty seeing or manipulating conventional print materials; people who are developing new literacy skills or who are learning English as a foreign language; and people who comprehend better when they hear and see text highlighted simultaneously




Portable Word Processor

Image source: www.writerlearning.com

http://www.writerlearning.com/special-needs/


Refreshable Braille Displays

• Refreshable Braille displays provide tactile output of information represented on the computer screen;

• A Braille "cell" is composed of a series of dots. The pattern of the dots and various combinations of the cells are used in place of letters.

• Refreshable Braille displays mechanically lift small rounded plastic or metal pins as needed to form Braille characters. The user reads the Braille letters with his or her fingers, and then, after a line is read, can refresh the display to read the next lineSource: microsoft.com



Braille Displays

Image: www.afb.org

http://www.afb.org/afbpress/pub.asp?DocID=aw050305


Screen Enlargers

• Screen enlargers, or screen magnifiers, work like a magnifying glass for the computer by enlarging a portion of the screen which can increase legibility and make it easier to see items on the computer;

• Some screen enlargers allow a person to zoom in and out on a particular area of the screen




Software Screen Magnifier


Screen Readers

• Screen readers are used to verbalize, or "speak," everything on the screen including text, graphics, control buttons, and menus into a computerized voice that is spoken aloud;

• In essence, a screen reader transforms a graphic user interface (GUI) into an audio interface;

• Screen readers are essential for computer users who are blind




Several Screen Readers & Text-to-Speech Applications

• Balabolka link (Windows) 40$• JAWS link (Windows) 895$• NVDA link (Windows) Free• Kurzweil1000 and 3000 link (Windows, Mac)

995$-1395$• Windows narrator, free with OS• Mac OS VoiceOver, free with OS• List of other resources link

http://www.cross-plus-a.com/balabolka.htm

http://www.freedomscientific.com/products/fs/jaws-product-page.asp

http://www.nvaccess.org/

http://www.kurzweiledu.com/products/kurzweil-3000-firefly-overview.html

http://aim.cast.org/learn/e-resources/software-based/screenreaders_tts


Speech Recognition

• Speech recognition or voice recognition programs, allow people to give commands and enter data using their voices rather than a mouse or keyboard;

• Voice recognition systems use a microphone attached to the computer, which can be used to create text documents such as letters or e-mail messages, browse the Internet, and navigate among applications and menus by voiceSource: microsoft.com



Dragon Speech Recognition Software

Video: youtube.com

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c9jk3P0GqLU


Siri, Cortana, Voice Assistant

Image source: mashable.com

http://mashable.com/2014/04/18/cortana-vs-siri/


Text-to-Speech (TTS)

• Text-to-Speech (TTS) or speech synthesizers receive information going to the screen in the form of letters, numbers, and punctuation marks, and then "speak" it out loud in a computerized voice;

• Using speech synthesizers allows computer users who are blind or who have learning difficulties to hear what they are typing and also provide a spoken voice for individuals who can not communicate orally, but can communicate their thoughts through typingSource: microsoft.com



Stephen Hawking

Stephen Hawking is one of the most famous people using speech synthesis to communicate


Overview of a Typical TTS System

Image source: en.wikipedia.org

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Festival_TTS_Telugu.jpg


Talking and Large-Print Word Processors

• Talking and large-print word processors are software programs that use speech synthesizers to provide auditory feedback of what is typed;

• Large-print word processors allow the user to view everything in large text without added screen enlargement




Talking Word Processor

http://www.enablemart.com/talking-word-processor




TTY/TDD conversion modems

• TTY/TDD (TeleTYpewriter/Telecommunications Device for the Deaf) conversion modems are connected between computers and telephones to allow an individual to type a message on a computer and send it to a TTY/TDD telephone or other Baudot equipped device.




Telecommunications Device for the Deaf

Image Source: en.wikipedia.org

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telecommunications_device_for_the_deaf

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4. ASSISTIVE TECHNOLOGY IN DIFFERENT OS

Overview



Windows 7 Ease of Access Center


Windows Magnifier


On-Screen Keyboard


Windows Narrator


Mac OS

Image Source: apple.com

http://www.apple.com/


Mac OS Accessibility Preferences

Display



Zoom



VoiceOver



Captions



Choice of Captions in Application



Keyboard



Mouse and Trackpad



Switch control (Demo and Exercise)


• Open TextEdit• Enable Switch control• Write text: Hello World! :)

Exercise



VoiceOver


VoiceOver Demo


iOS Accessibility

Image Source: apple.com

http://www.apple.com/


Vision


Hearing


Learning, Physical & Motor


Zoom


Invert Colors


Speak Selection


Assistive Touch

Demo on youtube.com

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=31i2p0gjHTw


Mobile Safari Accessibility


5. WAI ARIA READERS DEMO


6. HOMEWORK ASSIGNMENT 3


Screen Readers Testing (a)

• To better understand a goal of the task please read an article Testing with Screen Readers here: http://webaim.org/articles/screenreader_testing/

http://webaim.org/articles/screenreader_testing/




Screen Readers Testing (b)

• Implement the tasks described in one of the three exercises on your choice and platform availability:

1. Using JAWS to Evaluate Web Accessibility (link) on Windows;

2. Using NVDA to Evaluate Web Accessibility (link) on Windows, or

3. Using VoiceOver to Evaluate Web Accessibility (link) on Mac OS

http://webaim.org/articles/jaws/

http://webaim.org/articles/voiceover/

http://webaim.org/articles/voiceover/


Screen Readers Testing (c)

• Implement for the selected task three exercises:1. Image examples and practice;2. Table examples and practice;3. Form examples and practice;

• Reflect your experience in blog post – what was difficult for you? How long time you spent on these tasks? What developer should know about assistive technology?

• Link your post in a comment to my assignment post

Web accessibility workshop 3

Education

Transcript of Web accessibility workshop 3