WEATHERING AND EROSION Rock Cycle WEATHERING I. Weathering - The breakdown of rock due to exposure...

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Transcript of WEATHERING AND EROSION Rock Cycle WEATHERING I. Weathering - The breakdown of rock due to exposure...

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WEATHERING AND EROSION

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Rock Cycle

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WEATHERING

I. Weathering - The breakdown of rock due to exposure to the atmosphere, weather, plants, and animals.

A. Mechanical Weathering (Physical Weathering) - Rock is split or broken into smaller material without changing its composition.

B. Chemical Weathering – Process by which rocks break down as a result of chemical reactions.

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Mechanical (Physical)Weathering

1. Ice wedging (Porus, rocks with cracks (ice heaving/Frost Action)

2. Wetting and drying (for clay containing rocks)3. Plants (lichens, mosses, shrubs, trees)4. Exfoliation (the peeling away of surface layers)

due to the relief of pressure from rocks above it.5, Expansion / Contraction (Temperature)6. Abrasion- process of breaking down by means

of friction

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ABRASION

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ABRASION BY WATER

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Abrasion – wears down or rounds

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ABRASION BY WIND

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MECHANICAL WEATHERING

Was once solid rock

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MECHANICAL WEATHERING

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ICE WEDGING

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PLANTS

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EXFOLIATION

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Exfoliation – causes rock to sheet or flake off

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Barrel cactus – breaking through rock to grow

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EXFOLIATION

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WEATHERING

B. Chemical Weathering - Break down of rocks when the rock minerals are changed to different substances.

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Chemical Weathering1. Hydrolysis - chemical reaction with water and other

substances (feldspar, hornblende, augite) these combine to form clay.

2. Oxidation - chemical reaction with oxygen and other substances. (Iron bearing substances) , (red soil in Carolina & Virgina)

3. Carbonic acid/Carbonation - Carbon dioxide dissolves in H2O to form carbonic acid. (found in soda), P,Na,Mg and Ca (forms caves)

4. Acid Rain - sulfur from cars and coal/oil plants5. Plants/Animals (Lichens) - produce rock dissolving

acids

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CHEMICAL WEATHERING

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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Sw58a4yjFtc

Carbonation Clip

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Details worn away by chemical weathering

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Acid Rain

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Oxidation

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Hydrolysis -Reaction of any substance with water

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Chemical Weathering-Water molecules "pull" apart a mineral (dissolve it)

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Plants can grow on rocks and produce weak acids that can break down rock.

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Organic WeatheringLichen breaking Lichen breaking

down rockdown rock

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Bird dropping weathering

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RATES OF WEATHERING

II. Rates of Weathering

1. The rocks themselves - Igneous and metamorphic most resistant, sedimentary least resistant because of pores.

2. Surface Area – More surface area = faster weathering

3. Climate - Warm and wet = chemical weathering

Cold and Dry = mechanical weathering

4. Topography

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http://streaming.discoveryeducation.com/search/assetDetail.cfm?guidAssetID=6B1E329E-5A77-4B36-BFA9-1D307F75441C

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Weathering

Get on the online book and go to chapter 14.

Select the visual concepts and watch the clips on physical and chemical weathering.

http://my.hrw.com/tabnav/controller.jsp?isbn=003036339x

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EROSIONIV. EROSION- The breakup and removal of rock by moving natural agents (gravity, glaciers, wind, water)

A. Water Erosion

1. Rain

a. Sheet wash - thin sheets of soil removed prevent by - grass, continued plowing, crop rotation, strip crop, terraces

b.Gullying - valleys in sloped land - farms

2. Running water - most effective agent of erosion

a. stream, river, creek

b. Stream abrasion - grinding away of rock from bed or bank.

c. The faster the river moves = more “stuff” it can carry

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EROSIONB. Wind Erosion - just as water; only less powerful

1. Abrasion - wearing down of particles

2.Deflation - removal of loose particles by wind - the most important effect by wind

3. Dunes - sand piled up, moved by wind

C. Glaciers – most powerful agent of erosion

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Gullying

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DEFLATION

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DUNES

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Arches National Park

Wind abrasion

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EROSIONIV. EROSION- The breakup and removal of rock by moving natural agents (rivers, glaciers, wind, water)

A. Mass movements - Earth material down a slope caused by gravity.

1. Creep - Very, Very slow down slope movement of soil. (water in soil adds to it)

a. Talus - Loose rock fragments at base of cliffs

2. Landslides - sudden movement of bedrock or loose rocks down a cliff.

3. Slumps - small landslides on hills

4. Mudflow - fast movement of water saturated clay and silt.

5. Avalanche

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TALUS

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Landslide – mass movement

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LANDSLIDE

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LANDSLIDE

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Landslide – mass movement

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CREEP

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Creep

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SLUMPS

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SLUMPS

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SLUMP

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MUDFLOW

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The Colorado River weather and eroded way for 1,000s of years

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Brought to us by the Colorado River

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Unit 9: WEATHERING AND SOIL DEVELOPMENT ... · Web viewThe next two units focus on leveling forces, or the breakdown and transport of rock particles through weathering, erosion, and

Unit 9: WEATHERING AND SOIL DEVELOPMENT ... · Web viewThe next two units focus on leveling forces, or the breakdown and transport of rock particles through weathering, erosion, and

Weathering, Erosion, and Soils. What is weathering? Weathering is the physical or chemical breakdown of rock into smaller pieces Two types of weathering:

Weathering, Erosion, and Soils. What is weathering? Weathering is the physical or chemical breakdown of rock into smaller pieces Two types of weathering:

Weathering. Definition Weathering is the breakdown of rock without transport. NO movement!!!!!

Weathering. Definition Weathering is the breakdown of rock without transport. NO movement!!!!!

Topic 9 Weathering and Erosion Weathering:The chemical and physical breakdown of rock.

Topic 9 Weathering and Erosion Weathering:The chemical and physical breakdown of rock.

Weathering and Erosion. Weathering The breakdown of rock material by physical and chemical processes.

Weathering and Erosion. Weathering The breakdown of rock material by physical and chemical processes.

Weathering The Breakdown of Rocks. What is Weathering? The physical breakdown (disintegration) and chemical alteration (decomposition) of rocks 2 types.

Weathering The Breakdown of Rocks. What is Weathering? The physical breakdown (disintegration) and chemical alteration (decomposition) of rocks 2 types.

Rock Weathering and Soil Mineralogy. Physical Weathering……

Rock Weathering and Soil Mineralogy. Physical Weathering……

SEDIMENTARY ROCKS. TERMS Weathering : breakdown of pre-existing rock – Physical or chemical breakdown Erosion: transport of sediment on Earth’s surface.

SEDIMENTARY ROCKS. TERMS Weathering : breakdown of pre-existing rock – Physical or chemical breakdown Erosion: transport of sediment on Earth’s surface.

The weathering subsystem. Introduction Weathering is the breakdown of rock which is in contact with the atmosphere It includes physical weathering.

The weathering subsystem. Introduction Weathering is the breakdown of rock which is in contact with the atmosphere It includes physical weathering.

Weathering/Erosion Refresher Geomorphology –study of the changing shape of the earth Weathering –the breakdown of rock “in situ” (in place) Erosion –the.

Weathering/Erosion Refresher Geomorphology –study of the changing shape of the earth Weathering –the breakdown of rock “in situ” (in place) Erosion –the.

Weathering and Soil Formation Chapter 10. Weathering Weathering is simply the breakdown of rock into smaller and smaller pieces called sediment. Rocks.

Weathering and Soil Formation Chapter 10. Weathering Weathering is simply the breakdown of rock into smaller and smaller pieces called sediment. Rocks.

Encyclopedia of Geography Rock Weathering - montclair.edu · Page 7 of 16 Encyclopedia of Geography: Rock Weathering Chemical Weathering Chemical weathering involves the decomposition

Encyclopedia of Geography Rock Weathering - montclair.edu · Page 7 of 16 Encyclopedia of Geography: Rock Weathering Chemical Weathering Chemical weathering involves the decomposition

THE BREAKDOWN OF ROCKS AT OR NEAR THE SURFACE OF THE EARTH THE BREAKDOWN OF ROCK INTO SMALLER PIECES WITHOUT CHEMICAL CHANGE PHYSICAL WEATHERING.

THE BREAKDOWN OF ROCKS AT OR NEAR THE SURFACE OF THE EARTH THE BREAKDOWN OF ROCK INTO SMALLER PIECES WITHOUT CHEMICAL CHANGE PHYSICAL WEATHERING.

CHAPTER SEVEN Weathering. Section 1: Weathering Surface processes that work to break down rock are called weathering. Weathering breaks rock into.

CHAPTER SEVEN Weathering. Section 1: Weathering Surface processes that work to break down rock are called weathering. Weathering breaks rock into.

ROCKS. Rock Vocabulary Sediment Sediment Rock cycle Rock cycle Weathering Weathering Stratification Stratification Igneous rock Igneous rock Sedimentary.

ROCKS. Rock Vocabulary Sediment Sediment Rock cycle Rock cycle Weathering Weathering Stratification Stratification Igneous rock Igneous rock Sedimentary.

straymondhighschool.enschool.orgstraymondhighschool.enschool.org/ourpages/auto/2017/9/8... · Web view2017/09/08  · Weathering & Erosion Weathering: is the breakdown of rock due

straymondhighschool.enschool.orgstraymondhighschool.enschool.org/ourpages/auto/2017/9/8... · Web view2017/09/08  · Weathering & Erosion Weathering: is the breakdown of rock due

You need to know that weathering involves the breakdown of rock in situ and how it is different to erosion Weathering: Rocks that are exposed to air,

You need to know that weathering involves the breakdown of rock in situ and how it is different to erosion Weathering: Rocks that are exposed to air,

Weathering on gravestones - wyorksgeologytrust.org · Weathering is defined as the breakdown of rock in situ, that is without being moved. Weathering processes depend upon the pres-ence

Weathering on gravestones - wyorksgeologytrust.org · Weathering is defined as the breakdown of rock in situ, that is without being moved. Weathering processes depend upon the pres-ence

Chemical and/or Physical breakdown of rock Physical Weathering (mechanical) breakdown of rock into smaller pieces –Does not involve a chemical change.

Chemical and/or Physical breakdown of rock Physical Weathering (mechanical) breakdown of rock into smaller pieces –Does not involve a chemical change.

Weathering Soils Erosion Mass Wasting. Weathering: the physical and chemical breakdown of rock – exposed to wind, water, ice, and living organisms Regolith:

Weathering Soils Erosion Mass Wasting. Weathering: the physical and chemical breakdown of rock – exposed to wind, water, ice, and living organisms Regolith: