Watershed & Water Quality Modeling Technical Support Center WASP7 Course Sediment Transport.

Watershed & Water Quality Modeling Technical Support CenterWatershed & Water Quality Modeling Technical Support Center

Sediment TransportSediment Transport


WASP7 Course

Solids State VariablesSolids State Variables

• EUTRO-7 ModuleEUTRO-7 Module

– Phytoplankton (mg C/L)

– Detritus (mg C/L)

– Inorganic S (mg dw/L)

• TOXI-7 ModuleTOXI-7 Module

– Inorganic Fines (mg dw/L)

– Sands (mg dw/L)

– Biotic Solids (mg dw/L)


WASP7 Course

EUTRO-7 Solids KineticsEUTRO-7 Solids Kinetics

DissolutionDissolutionPhytoplanktonPhytoplanktonGrowthGrowth

DetritusDetritusDetritusDetritus

RespirationRespiration

DeathDeath

PeriphytonPeriphytonGrowthGrowth DeathDeath

RespirationRespiration

SettlingSettlingSettlingSettling

Inorganic Inorganic SolidsSolids

Inorganic Inorganic SolidsSolids

SettlingSettling


WASP7 Course

TOXI-7 Solids KineticsTOXI-7 Solids Kinetics

ProductionProduction

S1 - Inorganic S1 - Inorganic Fines FinesS1 - Inorganic S1 - Inorganic Fines Fines

S3 - Biotic S3 - Biotic SolidsSolidsS3 - Biotic S3 - Biotic SolidsSolids

DissolutionDissolution

(1-fash)

(fash)

Net BioticNet Biotic

]/[ 32033 daymdwgXXRproduction segtTprodSprodS

]/[3 32033 daymdwgSXkndissolutio segTdissSdissS

SettlingSettlingSettlingSettling

S2 - SandsS2 - SandsS2 - SandsS2 - Sands

SettlingSettling


WASP7 Course

TOXI-7 Biotic Solids Kinetic DataTOXI-7 Biotic Solids Kinetic Data

• ConstantsConstants– Net biotic production rate, g dw/m3-day

– Production temperature correction factor– Net detrital dissolution rate constant, day-1

– Dissolution temperature correction factor– Fraction ash free dry weight

• ParametersParameters– Production rate spatial scale multiplier– Dissolution rate spatial scale multiplier

• Time FunctionsTime Functions– Production rate time scale multiplier


WASP7 Course

TOXI-7 Biotic Solids Kinetic DataTOXI-7 Biotic Solids Kinetic Data


WASP7 Course

Solids Transport ProcessesSolids Transport Processes


WASP7 Course

TOXI-7 Solids Transport DataTOXI-7 Solids Transport Data• SystemsSystems

– Simulation option (simulate, constant, bypass)– Particulate transport field (Solids 1, Solids 2, Solids 3)– Particle density, g dw/mL (defaults to 2.65)– Maximum concentration, mg/L (reset to 3.0e6)

• FlowsFlows– Flow field use (check Solids 1, Solids 2, or Solids 3)– Scale and conversion factors (internal units, m/sec) – Flow function (e.g., insert settling, resuspension)– Segment pairs– Surface area, m2 (under “fraction of flow”)– Settling or resuspension velocity versus time, m/sec


WASP7 Course

Implementation – Systems DataImplementation – Systems Data

If unchanged, particle density defaults to 2.65 g/mL

If unchanged, maximum concentration for solids defaults to 3.0e+6 mg/L


WASP7 Course

Implementation – Segment DataImplementation – Segment Data

Input benthic volume, m3

Input benthic depth, m

Specify segment type

Map bottom segments


WASP7 Course

Implementation – Initial ConditionsImplementation – Initial Conditions

Silts, mg/L Sands, mg/L Biotic Solids, mg/L


WASP7 Course

Implementation – Flow FieldsImplementation – Flow Fields

Point and press “Insert” twice


WASP7 Course

Implementation – Settling Implementation – Settling DataData

days/second

surface area, m2

Settling velocity, m/day


WASP7 Course

Solids FlowSolids Flow


WASP7 Course

Solids Flow DataSolids Flow Data


WASP7 Course

Bed Volume Option 2Bed Volume Option 2


WASP7 Course

g = acceleration of gravity = 981cm/sec2

= absolute viscosity of water = 0.01 poise (g/cm2-sec) at 20oC

dp = particle diameter, mmfine sand = 0.05 – 0.2silt = 0.002 – 0.05clay = 0.001 – 0.002

D = probability of deposition upon contact with bed

Settling & Deposition VelocitiesSettling & Deposition Velocities

VelocitysStokeVW SS '

2

18

64.8/ PWPS d

gdaymV

DSD WW


WASP7 Course

Stokes Settling Velocities, Stokes Settling Velocities, m/daym/dayParticle Particle

Diameter, mmDiameter, mm

Particle Density, g/cmParticle Density, g/cm33

1.81.8 2.02.0 2.52.5 2.72.7

Fine SandFine Sand

0.20.2 380380 470470 710710 800800

0.050.05 9494 120120 180180 200200

SiltSilt

0.050.05 9494 120120 180180 200200

0.020.02 1515 1919 2828 3232

0.010.01 3.83.8 4.74.7 7.17.1 8.08.0

0.0050.005 0.940.94 1.21.2 1.81.8 2.02.0

0.0020.002 0.150.15 0.190.19 0.280.28 0.320.32

ClayClay

0.0020.002 0.150.15 0.190.19 0.280.28 0.320.32

0.0010.001 0.040.04 0.050.05 0.070.07 0.080.08


WASP7 Course

Stream Sedimentation RegimesStream Sedimentation Regimes


WASP7 Course

Benthic Parameter EquationsBenthic Parameter Equations

bulk density, g/mLenv dry density, gsolid/mLenv

B = W n + S (1 - n) D = S (1 - n) B = n + D (for W of 1.0)

percent water, 100 gsolid+water/gsolid (sediment fresh weight/dry weight)

PCTWA = 100 (1 + n / D) = 100 B / D

where n is porosity (Lwater/Lenv), W is water density (about 1.0 gwater/mLwater), and S is particle density (about 2.7 gsolid/mLsolid).


WASP7 Course

Benthic Parameter ValuesBenthic Parameter Values

nn DD BB %water%water

0.10.1 2.432.43 2.532.53 104104

0.20.2 2.162.16 2.362.36 109109

0.30.3 1.891.89 2.192.19 116116

0.40.4 1.621.62 2.022.02 125125

0.50.5 1.351.35 1.851.85 137137

0.60.6 1.081.08 1.681.68 156156

0.70.7 0.810.81 1.511.51 186186

0.80.8 0.540.54 1.341.34 248248

0.90.9 0.270.27 1.171.17 433433

0.950.95 0.1350.135 1.0851.085 804804

0.990.99 0.0270.027 1.0171.017 37673767


WASP7 Course

Pond Solids Example -Pond Solids Example -External ParametersExternal Parameters

Surface Water

Depth, 1 m

Surface Area, 104 m2

Surface Sediment, 2 cmSubsurface Sediment, 5 cm

Water, 104 m3/day

Silt, 60 kg/day

Sand, 40 kg/day

Inflow


WASP7 Course

Pond Solids Example –Pond Solids Example –Internal Parameters Internal Parameters

POM Dissolution, 0.004 day-1

Internal Biotic Production,

2 g/m3-day

Sand, 1.0 g/mL, Silt and POM, 0 g/mL

TSS

(Silt and POM)

Sand, 1.5 g/mL, Silt and POM, 0 g/mL

Deposition, 0.5 m/day

Resuspension, 0.05 mm/day


WASP7 Course

Solids Kinetic DataSolids Kinetic Data


WASP7 Course

Simulated Water Column SolidsSimulated Water Column Solids


WASP7 Course

Simulated Surficial Benthic SolidsSimulated Surficial Benthic Solids


WASP7 Course

Simulated Subsurface Benthic SolidsSimulated Subsurface Benthic Solids


WASP7 Course

Simulated Benthic PropertiesSimulated Benthic Properties


WASP7 Course

Simulated Burial RatesSimulated Burial Rates

Watershed & Water Quality Modeling Technical Support Center WASP7 Course Sediment Transport.

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