Watershed Approach to Environmental Advocacy pdf
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Transcript of Watershed Approach to Environmental Advocacy pdf
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A WATERSHED APPROACH TO
ENVIRONMENTAL ADVOCACY
John M.S. King
West Virginia Department of Environmental Protection
Office of Environmental Advocate
304-382-8666
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West Virginia Department of Environmental ProtectionDivision of Water and Waste
Division of Mining
Office of Oil & Gas
Division of Air Quality
• Permitting
• Enforcement
• Emergency Response
Toll Free Advocate Hotline
1-800-654-5227
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PUBLIC PARTICIPATION
Vital to protecting the environment Problems are better solved when concerned citizens are involved in
developing a dialogue among industry, environmental protection
officials, & their communities.~~WVDEP Citizen’s Guide
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WATER QUALITY
The Infrastructure of Life
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Cuyahoga River, 1969
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Lakes, Wetlands, & Rivers =
• < .01% of all water on Earth
• Contain ½ of World’s known Fish Species
• Freshwater animals are disappearing 4-6 X as fast as
animals on land or at sea
Global Statistics
(National Geographic, 2010)
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NATIONAL STATISTICS
Out of 573 threatened & endangered species
½ are Freshwater animals
(National Geographic, 2010)
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Top 3 causes of Stream Impairments & # of Stream MilesBiologically Impaired = 5,153
Fecal / Bacteria = 4,255
Iron = 3,958
All waters in WV are contaminated with Mercury & PCBs
(WVDEP )
Regional Statistics
WV has 9,500 streams covering 32,000 miles*18,244.3 stream miles are impaired
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Holistic Watershed Resource Management
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32,278 Stream Miles
32 Major Watershed Basins
2 Catchments:
•Ohio River
•Potomac River
Watershed Approach
to Resource Management
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Mississippi Watershed
Watershed Facts• Approx. 1.8 million square miles
• Drains 41% of continental United States
• 31 states & 2 Canadian provinces
• Carries 436,000 tons of sediment per day
• 159 million tons per year
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Gulf of Mexico dead zone
Dead Zone FactsCovers 6,000-7,000 square miles
Caused by nutrient enrichment • fertilizers, soil erosion, animal wastes, and
sewage
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Chesapeake Bay
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Chesapeake Bay Dead Zone
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Sources of Pollution
Non-point Source Point-source
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Morris Creek Watershed Association;
An Example of a Successful Stakeholder-based Watershed Approach
The land, tributaries, and area that drains into Morris Creek situate in
Fayette and Kanawha Counties of WV.
~~ MCWA Bylaw Article I, C
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Watershed FactsTotal Length
5.1 miles
Total Area
7.53 sq. miles
4,819 acres
Elv. @ Source
1,800 feet
Elv. @ Mouth
640 feet
Avg. Drop
228 ft./mi.
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Up Stream from Morris Creek on the Kanawha River
Montgomery, WV Home of WVU Tech
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Down Stream from Morris Creek on the Kanawha River
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Morris Creek Citizens
• Most live out side Montgomery city limits
• Had no communication with absentee land owners
• Share a common thread with many rural communities in the WV coal fields.
• Cultural History
• Economic Situation
• Environmental Degradation
Social Situation before the MCWA
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COAL
• Generates 60% of U.S. electricity
• Makes up 95% of U.S. fossil energy reserves
• Coal pays 60% of all business taxes in WV
• Since 1863 WV mined 13 billion tons
• 20% of NY power at 13 cents per kw hour
• 99% of WV power at 5 cents “ “ “
Since 1863 WV mined 13 billion tons
Generates 60% of U.S. electricity
King Coal
In 1911, within a 5 mile radius of Montgomery,
26 coal operations employed 15,000 men
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Water + Oxygen + Pyrite (gold flecks in sand stone) =
Acid Mine Drainage (AMD)
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E
AMD seep from an abandoned mine
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AMD coming from a pipe draining an abandoned mine
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Aluminum on Shyler Fork
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Open mine portals
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Open Dumps
Provided the MCWA with its first challenge and an opportunity to make
a tangible difference in the community
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WV Make It Shine Program
161 tons since 2002
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TRACKING DOWN SOURCES OF POLLUTION USING THE
WATERSHED APPROACH
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Watershed Assessment
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6.626.4
6.656.43
5.8 5.8
6.59
6.04
4.46
6.94
5.51
6.916.8 6.75 6.78
4.14
7
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
Aci
d
----
pH
----
Base
Monitoring Sites & AML Projects
Sample Sites 1-17
Water Quality
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BENTHIC SAMPLING
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WVDEP Save Our Streams Program (SOS)
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MCWA Monitoring Stations & AMD Project Sites
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Possum Hollow
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Lower Mainstem
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Upper Mainstem
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ResultsA stream formerly void of aquatic life, now a
thriving (reproducing?) trout stream.
Only stream in Kanawha Co. currently supporting
three species of trout:
• Brown
• Rainbow
• Brook
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MCWA’s Past, Present and Future Home
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Civic Engagement The freedom the Athenians wanted was not just a release from
bondage; they wanted political freedom, the right to help decide
their own destiny through active participation in government
~~Woodruff, 2005
Outreach & EducationWhen you engage and educate people in their community about
environmental issues, it’s the first step toward engaging them in a
broader debate and effort—whether it be on a city, state, or
national level.
~~Carol Browner, chair of Audubon’s Board of Directors
Necessities for Environmental Advocacy
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We did not inherit the earth from our fathers…
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We are borrowing it from our children
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John M.S. King
West Virginia Department of Environmental Protection
Office of Environmental Advocate
304-382-8666
Thank You Questions???