water resources planning
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Transcript of water resources planning
What Is Climate Change?
• The Rise In Average Surface Temperatures On Earth, Mostly Due To The Burning Of Fossil Fuels
• Result From Either Natural Factors Or Human Activities - refers To Any Significant Change In Weather Patterns Lasting For An Extended Period Of Time, Typically 30 Years Or Longer
How Climate Change
Happen?
Burning Of Fossil Fuels
Agriculture
Deforestation
Some Quantities Of These Gases
Are A Naturally Occurring
Vulnerability Of Water
Resources To Climate Change
Changes to water supplies
Increased amounts of
water pollution
Risks to water & wastewater infrastructure & operations
Degradation of watersheds
Ocean acidification
Multiple impacts in
coastal areas
IMPACTS
Droughts, changing in precipitation patterns and
snowmelt, increased evaporation cause changes
in water availability
Sea-level rise and salt water intrusion into
groundwater aquifers
Warmer air temperature create increased demand
for water
MANAGEMENT CHALLENGES
Costs to find alternative water supplies
Encouraging customer to support water conservation
Need to develop ‘non traditional’ water supplies
Increased competition for stressed water supplies
CHANGES TO WATER SUPPLIES
INCREASED WATER POLLUTION
IMPACTS
• Warmer water holds less oxygen, increasing instances of low oxygen levels
• More storm water runoff and sewer overflows, carrying pollutants to waterways, and causing erosion and sedimentation
• Dry periods and drought, lowering stream flow and reducing waterways ability to handle pollutant discharges
MANAGEMENT CHALLENGES
• Ensuring pollutants discharges meet CWA water quality goals
• Controlling flooding and sewer overflows
• Protecting in stream flows and water temperatures to pressure biodiversity
• Overcome barriers to adopting green infrastructure practices
RISKS TO INFRASTRUCTURE & OPERATIONS
IMPACTS
Expanded flood hazard areas, risking damage to water treatment
infrastructure
Damage to distribution and collection pipelines due to both drier soils and
erosion from storm
Operations of water treatment system complicated by unusual changes in
temperature. Flows, sedimentation, salt water intrusions, etc.
MANAGEMENT CHALLENGES
Aging infrastructure and population growth combined with climate risks
Paying for maintenance and operations, responding to emergencies, and
conducting long term climate planning
Adopting finance policies and risk assessment tools that can be integrated
into asset management plans
Investing in emergency planning and long term risk management
WATERSHED DEGRADATION
IMPACTS
• Changes in precipitation and increased evaporation are likely to change flows to lakes and streams, affecting the extent and quality of wetlands, lakes, and estuaries
• Declining groundwater levels due to withdrawals and reduced recharge are likely to reducestream flows
• Temperature and other changes will affect habitat for certain species, such as cold-water fish
MANAGEMENT CHALLENGES
• Protecting healthy and intact watersheds
• Restoring ecological integrity of waters already under stress from urbanization
• Maintaining ecosystem services provided by watersheds and wetlands
OCEAN ACIDIFICATION
Ocean become 30% acidic at rate 10 of 100 times greater than pre-industrial times
Affects shellfish and coral reefs, contributing to economic impacts
Combined with other reasons, 75% of world’s coral reefs are threatened
IMPACTS
Understanding the ecological and economic impacts of acidification
Reducing land and air sources of pollutants that exacerbate acidification
Finding ways to protect shellfish, coral reefs, and other sensitive organisms
MANAGEMENT CHALLENGES
COASTAL IMPACTS
IMPACTS
Rising sea levels moving shorelines by inundating lowlands, displacing wetlands, and altering tidal rangesStorm surges, combined with sea-level rise, increasing the areas subject to periodic inundation and saltwater intrusion into groundwater andWater pollution and increased absorption of carbon dioxide creating coastal zone “hotspots” of acidification and hypoxia
MANAGEMENT CHALLENGES
Finding optimum strategies for retrofitting, protecting or moving infrastructure
Communicating risk to residents in vulnerable areas
Protecting habitats sea levels rise