WATER in FRENCH POLYNESIA Pacific seminar SWAP water SAMOA APIA13 – 16 AVRIL 2010 FRENCH POLYNESIA...
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Transcript of WATER in FRENCH POLYNESIA Pacific seminar SWAP water SAMOA APIA13 – 16 AVRIL 2010 FRENCH POLYNESIA...
WATER in
FRENCH POLYNESIA
Pacific seminar SWAP water
SAMOA APIA 13 – 16 AVRIL 2010
FRENCH POLYNESIA GOVERNMENT
Samoa 13-16 Avril 2010 Pacific seminar swap and water 2
What is the incidence of water related diseasesLittle cases, some cases in the rural areas. Statistics on diarrhea are not kept (better than Mexico)
Water quality - is it generally good?Some rivers are heavily polluted (often pig farming) – people are aware but children still play there. Generally the quality is good. Lagoon water quality is poor leading to dead coral and less fish. We don’t have systematic water quality monitoring
The underground resources are not known, even though a lot of the drinking water comes from the groundwater.
Spring water with public taps – chlorinated house connections (but when the chlorine machine breaks down it requires maintenance from very far away).
Samoa 13-16 Avril 2010 Pacific seminar swap and water 3
Iwrm – water resources in your country
3 challenges/ issues in your country
3 steps / options in your country
Country A presents and discusses with country B – after thatCountry B presents and discusses with Country A
Samoa 13-16 Avril 2010 Pacific seminar swap and water 4
1. French Polynesia : geography, population and institutions
2. Water resources3. Drinking water4. Waste water treatment5. Bathing water quality
SUMMARY
Samoa 13-16 Avril 2010 Pacific seminar swap and water 5
FRENCH POLYNESIA: GEOGRAPHY
Distances from big counties :
20 000 KMS to Europe
6 000 kms to USA
6 000 kms to Australia
Surface statistics :
2,5 millions km² bigger than Europe
3500 km² of land
15 000 km² of lagoon
Samoa 13-16 Avril 2010 Pacific seminar swap and water 6
FRENCH POLYNESIA: GEOGRAPHY
Society islands:
2 groups of islands « iles du vent » and « iles sous le vent »
Land area: 1521 km²
8 inhabited islands
Marquesas islands 1000 km far from Tahiti
Land area: 997 km²
6 inhabited islands
Tuamotu islands:Land area: 690 km²
78 atolls
Australes islands
Land area: 150 km²
5 inhabited islands
Rapa is the southern island, 1300 km far from Tahiti
Gambier islands:9 islands
Land area: 690 km²
Samoa 13-16 Avril 2010 Pacific seminar swap and water 7
FRENCH POLYNESIA: POPULATION (1/2)Population unevenly distributed
Society islands:
Population : 214 107 inhabitants
Density : 141 ihn/km²
Marquesas islandsPopulation : 8 548 inhabitantsDensity : 8 ihn/km²
Tuamotu islands: Population : 14 761 inhabitants
Australes islandsPopulation : 6 329 inhabitantsDensity : 35 ihn/km²
Gambier islands: Population : 1 095 inhabitants
Samoa 13-16 Avril 2010 Pacific seminar swap and water 8
FRENCH POLYNESIA: POPULATION (2/2)
Population distribution by archipelago
- 86 % of the polynesian population is concentrated in the Society archipelago.
- A big water supply is needed to satisfy water needs.
- Water needs are often conditionned by water ressources
- Water consumption behaviors are different between islands.
Samoa 13-16 Avril 2010 Pacific seminar swap and water 9
FRENCH POLYNESIA: Institutions (1/2)
3 institutional levels:
- French government represented by a high commissioner
- French Polynesia local government
- 48 local municipalities
Society islands: 20 municipalities
Marquesas islands
6 municipalities
Tuamotu islands:
16 municipalities
Australes islands: 5 municipalities
Gambier islands: 1 municipality
Samoa 13-16 Avril 2010 Pacific seminar swap and water 10
FRENCH POLYNESIA: Institutions (2/2) Water issues
France government:
- Subsidising both municipalities and French Polynesia programs
- Municipalities supervision
Municipalities:
- water supply
- Sewage and sanitation
FP government:
- Subsidising municipalities
- Financing own programs:
- rain water management
- hydrography survey
- Public health authority
- Water resource assessment
Samoa 13-16 Avril 2010 Pacific seminar swap and water 11
FRENCH POLYNESIA: Water resources differences between islands
@ high islands :
- surface water,
- underground water,
- sea water / desalination (Bora Bora)@ Atolls:
- water lenses
- rainwater
- sea water / desalination
In the last ten years, undergroud water extraction has duplicated in order to produce drinking water. In the same time surface water for domestic uses has decreased.
Samoa 13-16 Avril 2010 Pacific seminar swap and water 12
Drinking water production1. 60% of population drink tap water 2. But only 5 municipalities supply drinking water (26 000 inhabitants)3. In accordance with French Polynesian laws, all municipalities must
supply drinking water before 2015. 4. In the last10 years (1995_2005), access to drinking water has only
slightly increased (from 20 to 40%)
Samoa 13-16 Avril 2010 Pacific seminar swap and water 13
Drinking water in French Polynesia
Drinking water consumption:Tahiti : 300 to 500 litres per person per dayTuamotu : 50 litres per person per day
Issues about drinking water:
No relation between billing and consumption
Unknown water network performance (leakages)
Local autorities not concerned enough about water ressources management
Unknown underground water ressources and uses
Samoa 13-16 Avril 2010 Pacific seminar swap and water 14
Waste water treatmentprivate system
Domestic system: is private and non controled by governement. Statistics show that it’s not well maintained
Small collective systems :In the urban area : 23% of population produce waste water wich is treated by
small collective system.
Samoa 13-16 Avril 2010 Pacific seminar swap and water 15
WWT governement’s priorities
1. Touristics area: (develop tourism) (1993 to nowadays)
- Bora Bora (Pacific’s Pearl) famous destination
- Punaauia urban area municipality (beaches and hostels)
- Moorea touristic area (7 kms and 75% hostels of the islands)
2- Urban areas (Nowadays to long time)
- Papeete capital
- Faa’a most inhabited municipality
But no WWT policy
Samoa 13-16 Avril 2010 Pacific seminar swap and water 16
Waste water treatment Collective sanitation public program
1. 4 collective treatment stations since 19932. In the last ten years, almost 13 000
inhabitants connected (5% of population).3. Bora Bora is 100% covered since 2009
and has got famous european label « pavillon bleu »
4. Papeete urban area concentrates 50% of waste water production in FP.
5. Urban area’s program is in progress for Papeete and Faa’a
6. Moorea island is about to start operating its waste water treatment plant.
Samoa 13-16 Avril 2010 Pacific seminar swap and water 17
WWT governement’s prioritiesFinancing
1. Touristics area: (1993 to nowadays)
- Bora Bora : EC, France and FP
- Punaauia urban area municipality: EC and FP
- Moorea touristic area: France and FP. In future EC (next year)
2- Urban areas (Nowadays to long time)
- Papeete capital
- Faa’a most inhabited municipality
France, PF and municipalities by the french program « contrat de projets »
Samoa 13-16 Avril 2010 Pacific seminar swap and water 18
Bathing water quality survey