Water-Based Polymer Fluids

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2 COPYRIGH T 2000, All Rights Reserved

Water-Based Polymer Fluids

At the end of this lecture, YOU will be able to;1 - List the key performance indicators for these mud

systems and how they can be maintained within

stated limits.2 - Demonstrate knowledge of the differences among the

various polymer groups.3 - Demonstrate knowledge of the fluid additives used to

maintain water-based muds.4 - Explain how to recognise and treat a variety of

contamination types (including salt water influx andcement).


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W ater-Based Polymer Fluids

Clear Water Native

Bentonite/Water Chemical Mud

Calcium Based Salt Water Based

Potassium Based

Inhibitive

Non-Inhibitive

Base Fluids

Cacium Carbonate

Barite

Weight

DeflocculantsFlocculants

Thinners

Polymers

Bentonite

Viscosity

LCM

Polymers

Bentonite

Fluid Loss

Surfactants

ContaminationControl

Lubricity

Alkalinity

pH

Physico-Chemistry

Formulations


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AdvantagesInexpensive per barrelProducts readily availableEasy to use

Di sadvantagesHigh dilution factorsOverall costs can be higher Impair productivity

Base Fluids

Non-Inhibitive Water-Based Fluids


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Base Fluids

Inhibitive Water-Based Fluids

Advantages

higher solids tolerance easily weighted inhibits clay/shale

hydration contaminationresistance

Di sadvantages

filtration control foaming suspension corrosion w/low pH possible high ECDs increasing additive dosages disposal


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D rilling Fluids BasicsW ater-Based Flu i ds

Polymer Flu i ds

Non- D ispersed

HT-D eflocculated

Ben-Ex mudsLow Solids PAC/CMC mudsLow Solids PHPA muds

Various proprietary systems


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D rilling Fluids BasicsW ater-Based Fluids

Non-Dispersed P olymer Muds

Advantageshigh ROP in hardformations

shear thinning/low EC DG ood hole cleaningEasy to runEasily convertedD oes not disperse solids

Di sadvantages Limited use Polymers lost to clays/shales Low Temperature stability Solids Intolerant Fluid loss control expensive More corrosive Intolerant to contamination Density increases difficult


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P olymers as additives

R heology

Control modified starch Xanthan gum scleroglucan HEC HP-guar polyacrylates

Flu i ds Loss

Control CMC/PAC polyacrylates starch modified starch

By Polymer Primary Function

Chem ical A ct i vi ty

polyacrylatespolyacrylamides


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D ensityBarite

Calcium CarbonateHematite

SaltsG alenaIllmenite

D rilling Fluids BasicsW ater-Based/ P olymer Fluids

Additives


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lubricantslost circulation materials

ROP enhancersstuck pipe additives

surfactants

D rilling Fluids BasicsW ater-Based/ P olymer Fluids

O ther Additives


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C ontamination

Tolerance TreatmentMud Type vs. Contaminant

Cost

OperationLogistics


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C ontaminationHigh SolidsCement

CarbonatesSaltwater/SaltTemperatureG ypsum/Anhyd

riteAcid G ases

major dilution, improve solidscontrol

treat w/bicarb, SAPP,lignosulfonate, pH

pH to 10.7, lime/gyp treatments,dilute

density, dilute, polymersreduce solids/MBT, HT additives

treat w/bicarb/soda ash, dilute

increase pH, add lime for CO 2


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C ement C ontamination

Identification increasing fluid loss high pH high Pm/Pf alkalinity high calcium

Treatment bicarb SAPP add thinners reduce the pH


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Salt W ater Flows

Identification increasing fluid loss drop in pH drop in Pm/Pf alkalinity increase chlorides CO2

Treatment add fluid loss

controller adjust the pH add salt tolerant

polymers

dilute if necessary increase pH, add lime

Increase the mud weight


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P erformance I ndicators

Solids Content

Chloride/CationContentSuspension,carryingcapacity, and

EC DG el Strengths

T he most critical - type and

amount determines the effectiveness of additives, inhibitioneffectiveness

can get on a roller coaster

excessive ECDs are a problem


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Water-Based Fluids

Now, YOU should be able to;1 - List the key performance indicators for these mud

systems and how they can be maintained within

stated limits.2 - Demonstrate knowledge of the differences among the

various polymer groups.3 - Demonstrate knowledge of the fluid additives used to

maintain water-based muds.4 - Explain how to recognise and treat a variety of

contamination types (including salt water influx andcement).


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Network of Excellence in Training

Any questions before the test?

The test is Closed Book - please

put away your notes now.

Water-Based Polymer Fluids

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