WarmUp #4 According to our discussion on the setup of feudal manors, visually depict the landscape...
-
Upload
samantha-marion-stephens -
Category
Documents
-
view
215 -
download
1
Transcript of WarmUp #4 According to our discussion on the setup of feudal manors, visually depict the landscape...
![Page 1: WarmUp #4 According to our discussion on the setup of feudal manors, visually depict the landscape of a manor. –i.e. draw/sketch a feudal manor include.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032707/56649e4d5503460f94b42bb9/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
WarmUp #4
• According to our discussion on the setup of feudal manors, visually depict the landscape of a manor.– i.e. draw/sketch a feudal manor
• include the estates for the lord• include the living quarters for the vassals and/or knights • include the church…& living quarters for the clergy
– reference previous notes and/or pgs. 382-386.
![Page 2: WarmUp #4 According to our discussion on the setup of feudal manors, visually depict the landscape of a manor. –i.e. draw/sketch a feudal manor include.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032707/56649e4d5503460f94b42bb9/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
The Church & the Late Middle Ages
![Page 3: WarmUp #4 According to our discussion on the setup of feudal manors, visually depict the landscape of a manor. –i.e. draw/sketch a feudal manor include.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032707/56649e4d5503460f94b42bb9/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Role of the Catholic Church• Church: unifying force in Europe• the Great Schism split the Roman Catholic Church,
from the (Eastern) Orthodox Church– RC > Pope (bishop of Rome): head of church– EO > Patriarch: head of church
• monks: men dedicated to God – separated from society – followed rule for each day (St. Benedict) – lived in monasteries– got $$$ from nobles
• nuns: female monks, who lived in abbeys
• missionary effort• Western Europe converted by 1050 AD (St. Patrick)
![Page 4: WarmUp #4 According to our discussion on the setup of feudal manors, visually depict the landscape of a manor. –i.e. draw/sketch a feudal manor include.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032707/56649e4d5503460f94b42bb9/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Monastery/Abbey
![Page 5: WarmUp #4 According to our discussion on the setup of feudal manors, visually depict the landscape of a manor. –i.e. draw/sketch a feudal manor include.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032707/56649e4d5503460f94b42bb9/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Popes vs. Kings• the popes were BOTH the religious & political
authority: owned land in/around Rome (papal states)
• over time bishops/abbots: vassals to lords– chosen for political, not spiritual reasons
• popes exercised more power than expected– excommunication: kick people out of the Church
![Page 6: WarmUp #4 According to our discussion on the setup of feudal manors, visually depict the landscape of a manor. –i.e. draw/sketch a feudal manor include.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032707/56649e4d5503460f94b42bb9/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Catholic Church in High Middle Ages• sacraments: receiving God’s grace
– taught as necessary for salvation
• Mary, the mother of Jesus = highest saint• relics: physical objects from the saints
– worthy of worship (pieces of the cross, the head of John the Baptist etc.)
• pilgrimage to churches/monasteries that housed relics (Canterbury: Thomas a Becket)
• new orders of monks:– Franciscan: followed Francis of Assisi
• vow of absolute poverty– Dominican: followed Dominic de Guzman
• vowed to fight heresy (denying beliefs)– Inquisition founded as Church court combated heresy
![Page 7: WarmUp #4 According to our discussion on the setup of feudal manors, visually depict the landscape of a manor. –i.e. draw/sketch a feudal manor include.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032707/56649e4d5503460f94b42bb9/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Franciscan & Dominican Monks
![Page 8: WarmUp #4 According to our discussion on the setup of feudal manors, visually depict the landscape of a manor. –i.e. draw/sketch a feudal manor include.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032707/56649e4d5503460f94b42bb9/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Decline of Church Power• political ambitions of popes > clashes with kings• conflict between pope & the king of France
– king of France…got French pope elected
• 1305-1377 popes lived in Avignon, France• Pope Gregory XI back to Rome• Italian pope elected next…French elect their own pope!• Papal Schism
– 1378-1417: 2+ popes– finally Council called…which deposed popes– new pope was elected & followed
• weakened authority of the Church & the pope• Jan Hus: Czech reformer, who called for end to
corruption…was burned as a heretic!
![Page 9: WarmUp #4 According to our discussion on the setup of feudal manors, visually depict the landscape of a manor. –i.e. draw/sketch a feudal manor include.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032707/56649e4d5503460f94b42bb9/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Avignon Popes & Jan Hus
![Page 10: WarmUp #4 According to our discussion on the setup of feudal manors, visually depict the landscape of a manor. –i.e. draw/sketch a feudal manor include.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032707/56649e4d5503460f94b42bb9/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
The Black Death• Bubonic Plague began in 14th Century• killed huge portions of population• 1347-1351 AD: 38 million died• total population: 75 million• up to 60% of a town might die…whole villages • unsure of causes…judgment from God?• waves of anti-Semitism: hostility toward Jews• economic consequences:
– lessened trade– increased wages for labor– decreased food prices– virtually, ended serfdom
![Page 11: WarmUp #4 According to our discussion on the setup of feudal manors, visually depict the landscape of a manor. –i.e. draw/sketch a feudal manor include.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032707/56649e4d5503460f94b42bb9/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
The Black Death
![Page 12: WarmUp #4 According to our discussion on the setup of feudal manors, visually depict the landscape of a manor. –i.e. draw/sketch a feudal manor include.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032707/56649e4d5503460f94b42bb9/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Hundred Years’ War• England owned land in France • 1337: War between countries over the rightful king of France
– remember Eleanor of Aquitaine!
• English: – knights but also relied on peasant soldiers with longbows
• 1415 Agincourt: huge victory for English King Henry V• 1429 Joan of Arc: (French peasant girl) convinced French
dauphin (crown prince) to let her lead the French army– won Battle of Orleans – became the symbol of hope/determination for the French
• 1430: English captured her & burned her as a heretic• the French fought on & won the Hundred Years’ War, inspired
by Joan of Arc as a martyr• By 1453: French controlled their own territory
Joan of Arc: “Map Analysis”---pg. 421
![Page 13: WarmUp #4 According to our discussion on the setup of feudal manors, visually depict the landscape of a manor. –i.e. draw/sketch a feudal manor include.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032707/56649e4d5503460f94b42bb9/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Political Recovery• England: post-Hundred Years’ War:
– very weak…& in debt!– no heir to throne > War of the Roses (civil war)– Yorks vs. Lancasters– “Princes in Tower” of London
• Richard III becomes king, as a result of their death
– finally Henry Tudor…married Elizabeth of York• claimed throne as Henry VII
• Spain:– struggle between Christian states & Muslim kingdoms
• 1469: Isabella of Castile married Ferdinand of Aragon – unifying Spain under Christian rule
• 1492: Spain kicked all Muslims & Jews out of country– Spanish Inquisition
• “to be Spanish = to be Roman Catholic”
![Page 14: WarmUp #4 According to our discussion on the setup of feudal manors, visually depict the landscape of a manor. –i.e. draw/sketch a feudal manor include.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032707/56649e4d5503460f94b42bb9/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Spain & England