Warm-up What is your favorite holiday tradition?.
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Transcript of Warm-up What is your favorite holiday tradition?.
Warm-up
What is your favorite holiday tradition?
Volcanoes
What are volcanoes?
A volcano is an opening in Earth that erupts gases, ash, and lava.
How do volcanoes form?Magma is less dense than the rock
around it, so it is forced toward the surface
Vent: Opening that magma flows through
Crater: The steep-walled depression around a volcano’s vent
Where do volcanoes occur?Divergent Plate Boundaries
– Plates move apart as magma comes up forming a volcano
Convergent Plate Boundaries– Oceanic Plates subduct under
Continental Plates and melt into magma that will sometime rise to form a volcano
Where do volcanoes occur?
Where do volcanoes occur?Hot Spots
– Areas between Earth’s mantle and core that are unusually hot.
Example:– Hawaiian Islands
Pacific Plate moving over a stationary hot spot.
Hot Spot Occurrence
What controls eruptions?
The more trapped gases, silica and water vapor the more explosive the eruption.
What controls eruptions?– quiet eruption -> Basaltic Magma, silica
poor
– Silica Rich: explosive eruption Granitic Magma, Mount St. Helens,
WA– Intermediate Silica: Quiet / explosive
eruption. Andesitic Magma, Convergent Plate
Boundaries, Krakatau, South America
Forms of VolcanoesShield Volcano
– Quiet eruptions– Silica poor – Basaltic lava– Layers buildup
and form a broad volcano with gently sloping sides
– Example: Hawaiian Islands
Forms of VolcanoesCinder Cone
Volcanoes– Explosive
eruptions – Silica rich – Granitic lava – Steep sides of
loosely packed tephra (ash)
– Paricutín, Mexico
Forms of VolcanoesComposite Volcano/
Stratovolcano– Varying
explosions depend on amount of silica and trapped gases.
– Andesitic lava – Dome shaped – Mount Saint
Helens, WA
Violent Eruptions1883: Krakatau,
Indonesia
1906: Vesuvius, Italy
1983: Kilauea, Hawaii
2000: Popocatepetl, Mexico
Terms you will need to know
Pyroclastic Flow- Ground hugging avalanche of tephra and gases
Lahar- Mudflow with rock fragmentsCaldera- A crater like depression left from a
prior eruptionSuperVolcano- a volcano created from a hot
spot that has the power to cause substantial damage
Volcano Carousel
Read your articleFill in graphic
OrganizerCreate a poster of
your volcano to present to the class
Warm-Up
The volcano handout you picked up!
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JRV4xTT8FB8
Pompeii RAFT
Role: Pompeii villager
Audience: yourself Form: Journal entry Topic: Pompeii
eruption
Be sure to include at least 5 volcanic facts in your Narration • Type of volcano • Type of lava flow • Type of Emissions • Type of Eruption • How the volcano formed
Study Guide
Work with a partner to complete your study guide
You have until 1:40