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War and TerrorismGroup
Members:•Jigar Adhiya•Omang Karia•Girish Panchal•Divyesh Panchal•Akshay Gujarathi•Manasvi Rathod
Introduction to War“Of all the enemies to public liberty, war is, perhaps, the most to be dreaded because it comprises and develops the germ of every other. War is the parent of armies; from these proceed debts and taxes … known instruments for bringing the many under the domination of the few.… No nation could preserve its freedom in the midst of continual warfare.”
James Madison, Political Observations, 1795
•War- generally described as state of arm conflict between societies.•Some scholars see war as a universal and ancestral aspect of human nature, others argue that it is only a result of specific socio-cultural or ecological circumstances.
War has been far too common in human history and thus is the
central problem of international relations.
• Many political scientists and foreign policymakers view war as
the continuation of politics: When diplomacy fails, some states
decide to use force.
• Others see war as the result of a breakdown of the modern
international system because so many of the rules of
international institutions were designed to reduce conflict among
states.
Introduction to War
Types of War
Although all wars are violent, not all wars are the same. In fact, there are many different types of wars, which can be classified according to which people actually fight, the intensity of the conflict, and the extent of combatants’ use of violence, among other factors.
1. Total war
2. Limited war
3. Guerrilla war
4. Civil war
5. Proxy war
Nine largest wars Deaths(millions)
Date War
60.7–84.6 1939–1945 World War II (see World War II casualties)
60 13th century Mongol Conquests (see Mongol invasions and Tatar invasions)
40 1850–1864 Taiping Rebellion (see Dungan revolt)
39 1914–1918 World War I (see World War I casualties)
36 755–763 An Shi Rebellion (number exaggerated based on census system, but not considering the territorial shrink and inefficient census system afterwar)
20 1937–1945 Second Sino-Japanese War
20 1370–1405 Conquests of Tamerlane
16 1862–1877 Dungan revolt
5–9 1917–1922 Russian Civil War and Foreign Intervention
War –The Real Cost? In the year 2010 total world military spending came to $1600billion (or
$236 for each person on the planet) a 50% increase in the 10 year period since 2001.
Spending for peace vs spending for war
“There is a large gap between what countries are prepared to allocate for military means to provide security and maintain their global and regional power status, on the one hand, and to alleviate poverty and promote economic development, on the other.”
Stockholm International Peace Research Institute
War versus Poverty
o The $1600 billion spent in the year 2011 on the arms industry could have tackled some of the greatest needs of our world.o Providing basic health care to those currently without - $20 billion per annum.o Providing shelter to those without it - $21 billion per annum.o Provide literacy for all - $5 billion per annum.o Eliminate starvation and malnourishment - $25 billion per annum.oProvide safe clean water for all - $50 billion per annum.
Total cost - $129 billion per annum.
The Human Cost of War
1. Crops, land and environment are destroyed.
2. Destruction of food stores, shops and property.
3. Inflation increases dramatically at times of conflict leading to
poverty for most of the population.
4. People are forced to flee and become refugees or internally
displaced.
5. Much trade and small business ceases.
6. Governments stop spending on social needs and divert funds to
military hardware.
7. Roads and means of travel are often dangerous.
8. It can be difficult to get access for emergency relief.
9. Young people are forced to become soldiers.
Targeting innocent civilians during a war or during peace time with the ultimate goal of creating psychological fear on civilians.
Types of terrorism
1. Civil terrorism
2. Political terrorism
3. Limited political terrorism
4. Official or state terrorism
5. Passive terrorism
6. Religious Terrorism
Major terrorist groups in the world
1. Al-Qaeda and Taliban
2. Boko Haram
3. Lashkar-e-Toiba (LeT)
4. ISIS
War Fought Against Year
Indo - Pak Pakistan 1947
Operation Polo Hyderabad 1948
Goa Liberation War Portuguese 1961
Indo - China China 1962
Indo - Pak Pakistan 1965
Indo - Pak Pakistan 1971
Kargil War Pakistan 1999
10 Major Terrorist attacks in INDIA
1. German Bakery Bomb Blast, Koregaon Park, Pune
2. Mumbai Terrorist Attacks
3. Bangalore Series Blast
4. Jaipur Bombings
5. Mumbai Train Bombings
6. Malegaon Blasts
7. Varanasi Bombings
8. Ram JanmBhumi Attack, Ayodhya
9. Delhi Serial Bombings
10.Indian Parliament Attack
Mumbai Attack
On going conflicts in the worldStart of
conflict
Conflict Continent Location Cumulative
fatalities
Fatalities
in 2014
Fatalities
in 2015
1978 War in
Afghanistan
Asia Afghanis
tan
1,240,000-
2,000,000
14,277 20,435
2003 Iraq War Asia Iraq 201,000-
227,000
21,000-
47,000
10,519
2009 Boko Haram
insurgency
Africa Nigeria
Camero
on
Niger
Chad
20,200 10,849 9,402
2011 Syrian Civil
War
Asia Syria 220,000-
320,000
76,021 32,927
Death rate above 10,000
Start of
conflict
Conflict Continent Location Cumulative
fatalities
Fatalities in
2014
Fatalities in
2015
1948 Israeli–
Palestinian
conflict
Asia Israel
Palestine
24,000 2,365 27
1991 Somali Civil
War:War in
Somalia
Africa Somalia
Kenya
500,000 2,983 2,333
1998 Communal
conflicts in
Nigeria
Africa Nigeria 15,907 1,822 714
2003 War in
Darfur
Africa Sudan 178,363+ 2,101 1,021
2004 War in
North-West
Pakistan
Asia Pakistan 58,525 5,496 2,513
Death rate below 9999
2011 Libyan
Crisis:Libyan
Civil War
Africa Libya 13,482 2,825 1,879
2011 Yemeni
Crisis:Yemen
i Civil War
(2015)
Asia Yemen
Saudi
Arabia
5,287-
11,000
1,500-7,700 4,300+
2011 Sinai
insurgency
Africa Egypt 2,361 981 1,506
2012 Central
African
Republic
conflict
Africa CAR 7,473+] 5,186+ 211
2013 South
Sudanese
Civil War
Africa South
Sudan
10,200-
50,000+
6,383-
40,000+]
1,908
2014 War in
Donbass
Europe Ukraine 6,503 4,771 1,993