Vulnerability Hazard Dimensions Physical Characteristics Political/Economic Factors Social Characteristics IndividualSocietal Defines Risk Defines Vulnerability Context Loss Reduction Options Perceived/ActualIndividual/Group/Governmental Tobin and Montz, 1997 What makes places more vulnerable than others? Location Location The physical environment The physical environment Land use management (or lack of) Land use management (or lack of) Level of infrastructure Level of infrastructure Housing/building codes and styles Housing/building codes and styles Amount of technology Amount of technology Warning systems Warning systems Ability to respond Ability to respond Characteristics of the population Characteristics of the population Land Use & Infrastructure What is built where? Household and individual vulnerability can result from Lack of knowledge and/or prior disaster experience Lack of knowledge and/or prior disaster experience Illiteracy or lack of language proficiency Cultural differences Lack of social integration Lack of control over housing conditions And from Inadequate economic and material resources Inadequate economic and material resources Physical and mental limitations Physical and mental limitations Age, gender, race/ethnicity discrimination Age, gender, race/ethnicity discrimination Large ratio of dependents to productive adults Large ratio of dependents to productive adults Selected Types of Coastal Households % of Total Female-headed with children under Elders (over 65) Renters36.3 U.S. Census 2000. Hurricane Charley Hardest Hit in Hurricane Charley Manufactured homes Manufactured homes Senior Living Developments Senior Living Developments Snowbirds Snowbirds Structure Type and Age Matter So do population characteristics County % below poverty % over 65 & below poverty Median yr home built Med. value mobile homes % mobile homes Charlotte , DeSoto , Glades , Hardee , Hendry , Highlands , Lee , Sarasota , County Level Block Group % below poverty % over 65 & below poverty Median yr home built Med. Value mobile homes % built Pine Acres ,00062 Lakewood Village ,30046 Port Charlotte ,30065 Harborview ,00053 Parks Park Mean home value % built % of homes in Blk Grp Pine Acres 37, Port Charlotte 38, Ways to look at vulnerability Lack of capacity Lack of capacity Lack of willingness Lack of willingness Lack of knowledge Lack of knowledge Case Studies