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Detection of the Crab Nebula using an

innovative gamma-ray telescope

Visual Identity GuidelinesVersion 2.0

cherenkov telescope array

the observatory for ground-based gamma-ray astronomy

Justin [email protected]

(University of Wisconsin)on behalf of the CTA Consortium

American Astronomical SocietySummer (236th) Meeting

“Cosmic Bangs & Whimpers” press panelJune 1, 2020



the observatory for ground based gamma ray astronomy

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Credit: CTA

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the observatory for ground-based gamma-ray astronomyPrototype Schwarzschild-Couder Telescope (pSCT)

• Building on generations of improvements in imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes, starting from first TeV detection of Crab Nebula in 1989 by Whipple telescope

• Using two mirrors instead of one• Using modern photon sensors and

electronics• These enable improved angular

resolution and sensitivity• Improvements will provide new TeV

gamma-ray measurements and discoveries up to two times faster than current telescope technology

• Constructed by members of CTA from US, Germany, Italy, Japan, and Mexico

5Justin Vandenbroucke TeV gamma rays from the Crab Nebula

pSCT inauguration at Fred Lawrence Whipple Observatory, January 17, 2019



the observatory for ground-based gamma-ray astronomyAlignment of Optical System

Repositioning of all mirror panels from defocused to focused in a few minutes

Justin Vandenbroucke TeV gamma rays from the Crab Nebula 6




Images of 18 gamma-ray air showers





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https://www.cta-observatory.org/

http://cta-psct.physics.ucla.edu/

http://wisc.edu




Additional slides





Geometry of an air shower image





Galactic Centre

PeVatrons

GalacticPlane Survey

Star Forming Systems

LMC Survey

Transients

AGN

GalaxyClustersExGal

Survey

PeVatrons

Galac

tic

Extrag

alacticDark Matter

Programme

!ey Science Projects (KSPs)

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the observatory for ground-based gamma-ray astronomyThe pSCT is near VERITAS Telescope 4:

2 telescopes can detect the same showers, with similar viewing angle

pSCT

VERITAS T435m




the observatory for ground-based gamma-ray astronomyOptimizing pSCT event selection using VERITAS-tagged

gamma/hadron dataset

Gammas

Retained hadrons

Rejectedhadrons

After developing pSCT cuts on 2.2-hour VERITAS-tagged dataset:Apply them to a disjoint pSCT-only dataset (19.1 hr ON)


• Punch et al. 1991• Lewis et al. 1993

Cuts retain 94% of gammas (17/18), reject 95% of hadrons




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the observatory for ground-based gamma-ray astronomySimulated shower images for two-mirror

compared to one-mirror telescope design

1 TeV gamma 3.5 TeV proton


Single-mirrortelescope images8° field of view

0.18°pixels1,570 channels

Two-Mirrortelescope images8°field of view0.067°pixels

11,328 channels




!""#"$%&'$&%(#Schwarzschild-Couder Telescope concept:

high-resolution optics and camera enabling exquisite imaging

• Dual mirrors allow (1) excellent optical angular resolution over wide (8°diameter) field of view (2) small camera

• Small focal plane for dense, highly integrated photo-sensors (silicon photomultipliers) and electronics (application-specific integrated circuits)

• Improved gamma-ray angular resolution and background rejection allow improved sensitivity and scientific capabilities




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