Vision and Light - learning.amplify.com

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Vision and Light:Investigating Animal Eyes

© 2018 by The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. No part of this publi-cation may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechan-ical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.

These materials are based upon work partially supported by the National Science Foun-dation under grant numbers DRL-1119584, DRL-1417939, ESI-0242733, ESI-0628272, ESI-0822119. The Federal Government has certain rights in this material. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation.

These materials are based upon work partially supported by the Institute of Education Sciences, U.S. Department of Education, through Grant R305A130610 to The Regents of the University of California. The opinions expressed are those of the authors and do not represent views of the Institute or the U.S. Department of Education.

Developed by the Learning Design Group at the University of California, Berkeley’s Lawrence Hall of Science.

Amplify Science Elementary is based on the Seeds of Science/Roots of Reading® approach, which is a collaboration between a science team led by Jacqueline Barber and a literacy team led by P. David Pearson.

www.scienceandliteracy.org

Amplify. 55 Washington Street, Suite 800 Brooklyn, NY 11201 1-800-823-1969 www.amplify.com

Vision and Light: Investigating Animal EyesISBN: 978-1-64089-731-1 AMP.NA18

Table of Contents

Lesson 1.1 Pre-Unit Writing: Explaining Why the Bird Could Not Find Its Food

Lesson 1.4 Chapter 1 Home Investigation: Asking Questions

Lesson 2.3 Chapter 2 Home Investigation: Following the Path of Light

Lesson 2.5 Scientific Explanation of How Light Allows an Animal to See (Version B)

Lesson 3.3 Chapter 3 Home Investigation: Body Structures and Their Functions

Lesson 3.5 Scientific Explanation of How Animals Know What They Are Looking At (Version B)

Lesson 4.1 Materials Request Letter

Lesson 4.4 Thought Bubbles for Vision Model Cards Chapter 4 Home Investigation: Amazing Animal Senses

Lesson 4.6 End-of-Unit Writing: Explaining Why More Light Makes It Harder for a Tokay Gecko to See (Version A)

End-of-Unit Writing: Explaining Why More Light Makes It Harder for a Tokay Gecko to See (Version B)

Lesson 5.1 Smell Investigation Hearing Investigation Touch Investigation

Lesson 5.2 Chapter 5 Home Investigation: How Does Your Sense of Taste Work?

Name: _______________________________________ Date: ________________

Vision and Light—Lesson 1.1

Name: _______________________________________ Date: ________________

Pre-Unit Writing: Explaining Why the Bird Could Not Find Its Food

Kayla wrote a summary of her observations of how her bird acted each night.

1. Read Kayla’s summary.

2. Draw what the light from the lamp is doing in each diagram below. Addlabels to each diagram.

3. Answer the questions on the next page.

Kayla’s summary:• Both nights, the lamp was on and the bird was awake.

• The bird needs to see its food to find it.

• On Night 1 when there was not a thick cloth over the cage, the bird foundand ate its food.

• On Night 2 when there was a thick cloth over the cage, the bird didn’t findand didn’t eat its food.

© 2018 The Regents of the University of California All rights reserved. Permission granted to photocopy for classroom use.

Name: _______________________________________ Date: ________________


Name: _______________________________________ Date: ________________

How do you think the bird found its food on Night 1?

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Why do you think the bird could not find its food on Night 2?

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Pre-Unit Writing: Explaining Why the Bird Could Not Find Its Food (continued)


Name: _______________________________________ Date: ________________


Name: _______________________________________ Date: ________________


Name: _______________________________________ Date: ________________

Chapter 1 Home Investigation: Asking Questions

1. Scientists ask questions about the real world and what parts of it are like. With a person at home, choose something regarding the real world that you wonder about.

2. With that same person, make a list of questions about that topic.

3. Choose one question you would like to investigate. Circle that question, and then write about how you might investigate it.

What do you wonder about?

___________________________________________________________________

List your questions about it on the lines below.

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How would you investigate the question that you circled?

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© 2016 The Regents of the University of California All rights reserved. Permission granted to photocopy for classroom use.© 2018 The Regents of the University of California All rights reserved. Permission granted to photocopy for classroom use.

Name: _______________________________________ Date: ________________


Name: _______________________________________ Date: ________________Name: _______________________________________ Date: ________________

Chapter 2 Home Investigation: Following the Path of Light

1. Choose an object in your home.

2. Ask a person at home to look at the object. Explain to that person whythey can see the object. Point out the path of light from the source tothat person’s eye.

3. Draw a diagram in the box and record your notes on the lines below.

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Name: _______________________________________ Date: ________________

Vision and Light—Lesson 2.5 (Version B)

Name: _______________________________________ Date: ________________

1. Write a scientific explanation that answers the question below. Be sure tostart with the light source.

How does light allow a Tokay gecko to see its prey?

First, light __________________________________________________________

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Then, light _________________________________________________________

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Scientific Explanation of How Light Allows an Animal to See


Name: _______________________________________ Date: ________________


Name: _______________________________________ Date: ________________Name: _______________________________________ Date: ________________

Chapter 3 Home Investigation: Body Structures and Their Functions

1. Circle one part of the human body from the list below.

Foot Hand Head Leg

2. With a person at home, list the structures that make up that body part inthe Structure column below. Don’t worry about listing them all!

3. Discuss the function of each structure and list it in the Functioncolumn below. Make and label a drawing, if it helps.

Body part: _________________

Structure Function


Name: _______________________________________ Date: ________________


Name: _______________________________________ Date: ________________


1. Write a scientific explanation that answers the question below. To provide a complete explanation, you will need to include information about• how a Tokay gecko’s structures allow it to see its prey.• how a Tokay gecko knows how to react when it sees its prey.

2. Be sure to include the words brain and light receptors in your explanation.

How does a Tokay gecko know that it is looking at its prey?

A gecko’s structures allow it to see. First, light gets to the gecko’s eye.

Then, light _________________________________________________________

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Next, ______________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

Then, ______________________________________________________________

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The gecko knows how to react when it sees its prey because _____________

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Scientific Explanation of How Animals Know What They Are Looking At


Name: _______________________________________ Date: ________________


Materials Request Letter

Dear families,

Our class is currently working on a life sciences unit called Vision and Light. In this unit, students are

learning how animals use their senses to get information about their environment and how that helps

them survive. Next week, we will use what we have learned about how animals get information about

their environment to investigate our own senses. As part of our investigation, students will complete

a hands-on activity to explore how their senses work.

We need some materials to complete this investigation. We have most of the materials we need, but

we would appreciate some help. If you are able to, please consider sending some of the following

materials into class with your student:

• beads

• marbles

• large pasta

• small pasta

• wooden beads

• toothpicks

• rice

• sponge pieces

• felt pieces

• corduroy pieces

• cotton fabric pieces

• play dough

• popcorn kernels

Thank you for your help!


Name: _______________________________________ Date: ________________


I can’t see!

I can see the object. It is a(n) _____________.


Name: _______________________________________ Date: ________________


Name: _______________________________________ Date: ________________


Name: _______________________________________ Date: ________________

Chapter 4 Home Investigation: Amazing Animal Senses

1. With a person at home, use library books or the Internet to research an animal with an amazing sense.

2. Write about your animal below.3. Share what you learned with another person at home. They might

learn something!

Name of the animal: ________________________

What is the animal’s amazing sense?

___________________________________________________________________

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How does the sense help the animal?

___________________________________________________________________

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What other cool facts about the animal did you find?

___________________________________________________________________

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Name: _______________________________________ Date: ________________


Name: _______________________________________ Date: ________________

End-of-Unit Writing: Explaining Why More Light Makes It Harder for a Tokay Gecko to See

Picture 1 shows the Tokay gecko at night before the highway lights were installed.

Picture 2 shows the Tokay gecko at night after the highway lights were installed. The lights are turned on.

1. Draw arrows on the pictures to show how information about the preygets to the Tokay gecko so that it can see.



Name: _______________________________________ Date: ________________


Name: _______________________________________ Date: ________________

How does a Tokay gecko usually see? Why does more light at night make it hard for it to see?

___________________________________________________________________

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End-of-Unit Writing: Explaining Why More Light Makes It Harder for a Tokay Gecko to See (continued)


Name: _______________________________________ Date: ________________


Name: _______________________________________ Date: ________________

End-of-Unit Writing: Explaining Why More Light Makes It Harder for a Tokay Gecko to See

Picture 1 shows the Tokay gecko at night before the highway lights were installed.

Picture 2 shows the Tokay gecko at night after the highway lights were installed. The lights are turned on.

1. Draw arrows on the pictures to show how information about the preygets to the Tokay gecko so that it can see.



Name: _______________________________________ Date: ________________


Name: _______________________________________ Date: ________________

How does a Tokay gecko usually see? Why does more light at night make it hard for it to see?

How a gecko usually sees its prey:

When light gets to a Tokay gecko’s eyes, _______________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

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Why bright lights at night are a problem for a gecko:

Since the highway lights have been installed, there is more light at night.

This means ________________________________________________________

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End-of-Unit Writing: Explaining Why More Light Makes It Harder for a Tokay Gecko to See (continued)



Name: _______________________________________ Date: ________________

Smell Investigation

Team member names: ______________________________________________

Planning Our Investigation

1. Underline the question you want to investigate—or come up with your own!

• At what distance can I no longer smell different scents?

• What material is the best for stopping me from being able to smell something?

• Does the order in which I smell things change how well I smell each thing?

• (optional) Our question: _________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

2. Making a prediction is part of how scientists test their ideas. Make a prediction about what you will find out about the question you chose to investigate.

___________________________________________________________________

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Name: _______________________________________ Date: ________________

3. Write the materials you will use in your investigation:

___________________________________________________________________

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4. Draw two diagrams that show how you will run the two tests in your investigation. Make sure to show what will change between tests (this is the variable you are testing).

Smell Investigation (continued)

Before:

After:



Name: _______________________________________ Date: ________________

5. Write down all the steps you need to do to complete your investigation.Add more steps if you need them.

1. _____________________________________________________________

2. _____________________________________________________________

3. _____________________________________________________________

4. _____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

6. What will you observe and record in each test?

___________________________________________________________________

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7. What variable will you change between each of your tests?

___________________________________________________________________

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8. What will you keep the same between each of your tests?

___________________________________________________________________

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Name: _______________________________________ Date: ________________

Investigating the Human Sense of Smell: Results

1. Write your observations in the chart below. Do your investigation three times to see if your results are repeatable.

How well did your sense of smell work?

First time Second time Third time

The first thing

we are testing is

____________.


The second thing we

are testing (after we

change the variable)

is ____________.


Are your observations what you predicted? Yes No Yes No Yes No

2. Were your observations the same all three times? ____________________

3. What did you learn about how smell helps us understand our environment?

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________




Name: _______________________________________ Date: ________________

22

Hearing Investigation




• How does being close to or far away from a sound change how well I can hear it?

• How does the amount of background sounds, like having music playing, change how well I can hear a specific sound?

• What material is the best for stopping me from being able to hear something?


______________________________________________________________


___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

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Name: _______________________________________ Date: ________________


___________________________________________________________________

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Hearing Investigation (continued)

Before:

After:



Name: _______________________________________ Date: ________________

24


1. _____________________________________________________________

2. _____________________________________________________________

3. _____________________________________________________________

4. _____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________


___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

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___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________


___________________________________________________________________

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Name: _______________________________________ Date: ________________

Investigating the Human Sense of Hearing: Results


How well did your sense of hearing work?


The first thing we are testing is

__________________.


The second thing we are testing (after we change the variable)

is _________________.




3. What did you learn about how hearing helps us understand our environment?

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________




Name: _______________________________________ Date: ________________Date: ___________________________________

Touch Investigation




• Which part of my body is more sensitive to feeling something—my fingertip or my elbow?

• Are some materials easier to identify by touch than others?

• When you want to identify something by touch, how does touching it directly compare to touching it through a bag?


______________________________________________________________


___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

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Name: _______________________________________ Date: ________________


___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

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Touch Investigation (continued)

Before:

After:



Name: _______________________________________ Date: ________________


1. _____________________________________________________________

2. _____________________________________________________________

3. _____________________________________________________________

4. _____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________


___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________


___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________


___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________




Name: _______________________________________ Date: ________________

Investigating the Human Sense of Touch: Results


How well did your sense of touch work?


The first thing we are testing is

____________.


The second thing we

are testing (after we

change the variable)

is ____________.




3. What did you learn about how touch helps us understand our environment?

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________



Name: _______________________________________ Date: ________________


Name: _______________________________________ Date: ________________


Name: _______________________________________ Date: ________________

Chapter 5 Home Investigation: How Does Your Sense of Taste Work?

1. With an adult, set up an investigation to find out more about how the human sense of taste works. Write your investigation question below. Example investigation question: Which part of your tongue most strongly senses the sour taste of a lemon?

2. Take notes as you do your investigation. Repeat the investigation three times to see if your results are the same.

3. Explain to the adult why you think they can taste things and what you found out about the sense of taste from your experiment.

Investigation question:

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

Notes:

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

What I found out:

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

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