Vetturi, Maternini, Lancini and Bodini - input2012
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David Vetturi, Giulio Maternini , Matteo Lancini, Ileana Bodini
University of Brescia DIMI - Mechanical and Industrial Engineering
DICATA - Civil Engineering, Architecture, Land and Environment
PURPOSES
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� Evaluation of the effects of the traffic calming
measures on the accelerations (comfort) perceived
by passengers of the road public transport
� A low cost device to easily measure and supervise
the level of vibration on the road public transport
network
CONTEXT
� Improve road safety by traffic calming measures (roundabouts, speed bumps, different pavements))The United Nations General Assembly has set the goal for the decade: "to stabilize and then reduce the forecast level of road traffic fatalities around the world" by 2020.
� Control the exposure of workers and passengers to the
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� Control the exposure of workers and passengers to the vibration on public transport vehicles (urban and local)Implementation of the Directive 2002/44/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on the
minimum health and safety requirements regarding the exposure of workers to the risk arising from
physical agents (vibration) – DLGS 19.08.2005 N. 187
� Control the quality of transportationImplementation of the European standard EN 13816 – UNI EN 13186, the purpose of which is “to
promote a quality approach to public transport operations and focus interest on customers’ needs and
expectations”. Ride comfort is one of the quality criteria (6.3)
INVOLVED BODIES
Companies of the public
Mechanical
engineers
design comfortable vehicles for the public transport
control the good level of comfort for the passengers and the operators of the public
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the public transport
Owner body
concerned
Civil engineers
passengers and the operators of the public transport
supervise the maintenance works on the road network
design safer roads using correctly the traffic calming measures
OBJECT OF THE MEASUREMENT
� Level of comfort:
acceleration in three principal orthogonal directions,
conveniently weighted in frequency and reduced to a
RMS value
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RMS value
� Location:
absolute coordinates (WGS84) to obtain vehicle
position along the route
MEASURE & DATA ANALYSIS
� MEASURE:
� GPS position and speed of the vehicle (1 Hz)
� X, Y, Z acceleration on the floor of the vehicle (10 kHz)
� DATA ANALISYS
� Acceleration weighting (UNI-ENV 12299)
� Definition of a synthetic
comfort index :NVM & NVD
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� TIME RE-SCALING
� Synthetic data are store with a frequency of 10 Hz
INSTRUMENTATION
Compact RIO Unit
NI cRIO-9022
K-Beam® Accelerometer
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K-Beam® Accelerometer
8393B10
GPS device
Database
DAQ - NI 9215
INSTRUMENTATION
Positioning of the DAQ system (CompactRIO)
and energy supply (battery)
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Accelerometer fixed
at the floor
GEOGRAPHICAL DATABASE
Geographic
Information
System
Allows for analysis
based on the
AccessMAPInfo
Acquisition LOG
Synthetic data of a
single acquisition on a
Relational Database
Allows for a structured data
storage in order to aggregate
and disaggregate sample as
needed. Possible parameters
VI LabView
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based on the
geographical
distribution of data
Very large
number of data
recorded in
synthetic form
single acquisition on a
single route
(1h ~200kB)
needed. Possible parameters
could be:
-brand and model of bus
-time of service
-route of service
-driver
Geographical
database to
perform statistical
analysis
: L
ine
a 1
0
BRESCIA
BOVEZZO
CONCESIO
Tra
ck:
Lin
ea
10
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DETTAILEDANALYSIS
PRESENTED
FLERO
PONCARALE
CASE OF STUDY
•20 hours of data acquisition
•Different traffic conditions
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Model:
IRISBUS (Iveco) 491.12 CityClass
Dimension:
12 m
2.5 m
•Different whether condition
ZONE
A
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Villaggio
Sereno
Traversa Diciottesima
ZONE
B
ZONE A
BUS STOPBUS STOP
ROUNDABOUTROUNDABOUT
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STRAIGHT ROADSTRAIGHT ROAD
Lateral acceleration “Y”
Repeatability of data acquisition
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Vertical Acceleration “Z”
STRAIGHT ROAD: via Flero
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Acquisizioni NMV (medio)
10-nov 4.3
14-nov 4.1
16-nov 4.3
Acquisizioni NVD (medio)
10-nov 5
14-nov 4.2
16-nov 5
BUS STOP: via Corsica
1 2
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Acquisizioni NMV₁ NMV₂ NMV (medio)
10-nov 9.6 6.2 3.5
14-nov 8.8 4.2 3
16-nov 8.4 6.7 3.7
Acquisizioni NVD₁ NVD₂ NVD (medio)
10-nov 19.9 13 6.9
14-nov 18.7 9 6.1
16-nov 17.4 14 5.4
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2
ZOOMING
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Three different situation:
• Approach to the stopping point
• Noise when speed is zero
• Discomfort in the bus restarting
1 2 3
ROUNDABOUT: via Corsica - via Flero
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Acquisizioni NMV₁ NMV₂ NMV₃ NMV (medio)
10-nov 5.4 11.5 11.5 6.1
14-nov 6 11.4 11 5.6
16-nov 6.4 11.6 11.6 6.2
Acquisizioni NVD₁ NVD₂ NVD₃ NVD (medio)
10-nov 8.7 22.2 21.9 11.2
14-nov 12.4 21.7 20.2 10.3
16-nov 10.5 22.5 21.2 11.5
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2 3
ZOOMING
Three different situation:
• Approach to the roundabout
• Max value of discomfort inside roundabout
• Roundabout exit
� Roundabout diameter: 20 m
ACQUISITION
NVD
IN CENTER OUT
1 8.4 21.3 12.1
2 9.5 22.4 14.1
Via Brazne
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ACQUISITIONNMV
IN CENTER OUT
1 4.2 10.0 5.8
2 4.4 12.1 6.7
3 5.1 12.0 7.1
3 10.2 22.1 14.5
Mean value:
NVD 11.0 ÷ 12.0
NMV 5.0 ÷ 6.0
Via Campane
ACQUISITION
NVD
IN CENTER OUT
1 10.3 20.6 9.5
2 8.0 21.3 12.7
� Roundabout diameter: 20 m
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ACQUISITIONNMV
IN CENTER OUT
1 5.6 11.5 5.0
2 3.8 11.3 6.5
3 5.2 11.1 4.4
2 8.0 21.3 12.7
3 9.7 19.5 9.0
Mean Value:
NVD 11.0 ÷ 13.0
NMV 6.0 ÷ 7.0
ACQUISITION
NVD
IN CENTER OUT
1 15.8 26.1 14.0
2 15.7 24.0 12.2
3 17.0 21.0 10.3
Via Conicchio
� Roundabout diameter: 30 m
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ACQUISITIONNMV
IN CENTER OUT
1 7.5 13.6 7.6
2 10.2 12.8 7.0
3 8.1 10.8 5.7
Mean Value:
NVD 12.0 ÷ 13.0
NMV 6.0 ÷ 7.0
ZONE B
RAISED PEDESTRIAN CROSSING RAISED PEDESTRIAN CROSSING
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RAISED PEDESTRIAN CROSSING
Speed [km/h]
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Space [m]
RAISED PEDESTRIAN CROSSING
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1 2
RAISED PEDESTRIAN CROSSING
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Acquisizioni NVD₁ NVD₂ NVD (medio)
10-nov 15.4 15.6 8.5
14-nov 4.1 6.7 5.2
16-nov 18 13 8.9
Acquisizioni NMV₁ NMV₂ NMV (medio)
10-nov 7.1 10.9 5.3
14-nov 2.4 9.2 3.7
16-nov 8.3 10 5.3
1 2
C₁ C₂ C₃ C(MEDIO) C₁ C₂ C₃ C(MEDIO)
NMV NVD
Roundabout
indexcomfortreference
indexcomfortmeasuredc
=
RELATIVE INDEX
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1.4 2.7 2.7 1.4 2.2 4.7 4.5 2.3
C₁ C₂ C(MEDIO)
1.4 2.4 1.1
C₁ C₂ C(MEDIO)
2.7 2.5 1.6
NMV NVD
C₁ C₂
2.1 1.4
C₁ C₂
4.0 2.6
NMV NVD
Raised Pedestrian Crossing
Bus Stop
CONCLUSION
• A methodology for comfort evaluation has been proposed
• A validation of the index proposed
• Investigate the infrastructural elements effects on comfort
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NEXT
Increase the database
Define and validate a “COMFORT SCALE” using other objective and subjective information (video recording, passenger interview, …)