Version: 2.4 11g Wireless LAN AP51 - Aloitus€™s Manual Version: 2.4 11g Wireless LAN AP51 Five...

User’s ManualVersion: 2.4

11g Wireless LAN AP51

Five Main Features :Access Point

Client (AP converter)Repeater

Point to PointPoint to Multiple Point

Tested To ComplyWith FCC Standards

FOR HOME OR OFFICE USE

TrademarksCopyright @2003Contents are subject to change without notice.All trademarks belong to their respective proprietors.

Copyright StatementTHIS DOCUMENT CONTAINS OF PROPRIETARY TECHNICAL INFORMATION THAT IS THE PROPERTY OF THIS COMPANY.AND NO PART OF THIS DOCUMENTATION MAY BE REPRODUCED, STORED IN A RETRIEVAL SYSTEM OR TRANSMITTEDIN ANY FORM OR BY ANY MEANS, ELECTRICAL OR MECHANICAL, BY PHOTOCOPYING, RECORDING, OR OTHERWISE,

WITHOUT THE PRIOR WRITTEN CONSENT OF THIS COMPANY.

Revision History

ii

41/7/3002 esaelertsriF 1.1V

22/7/3002 pu-toobnoderiuqeremittuobanoitamrofnidda;1.1esaeleR.ecneuqes 1.1V

42/7/3002 1retpahcniecitonecneuqespu-toobehtyfidom;2.1esaeleR x.2.1V

4/8/3002 selpmaxenoitarugifnocdda;0.2esaeleR x.2.1V

9/9/3002 V5CDotylppusrewopyfidom;1.2esaeleR x.2.1V

62/9/3002 PIKTAPWtroppus;2.2esaeleR x.2.1V

1/01/3002 PPAItroppus;3.2esaeleR 3.1V

31/01/3002 FRTCG,tneilCPAtroppus;4.2esaeleR 4.1V

91/11/3002 tnemetatsecnerefretniCCFdda;5.2esaeleR 4.1V

Terminology

iii

ISNA etutitsnIsdradnatSlanoitaNnaciremA

PA tnioPsseccA

KCC gniyeKedoCyratnemelpmoC

AC/AMSC ecnadiovAnoisilloC/sseccAelpitluMesneSreirraC

DC/AMSC noitceteDnoisilloC/sseccAelpitluMesneSreirraC

PCHD locotorPnoitarugifnoCtsoHcimanyD

SSSD murtcepSdaerpSecneuqeStceriD

CCF noissimmoCsnoitacinummoClaredeF

PTF locotorPrefsnarTeliF

EEEI sreenignEcinortcelEdnalacirtcelEfoetutitsnI

PI locotorPtenretnI

MSI lacideMdnacifitneicS,lairtsudnI

NAL krowteNaerAlacoL

CAM lortnoCsseccAaideM

TAN noitalsnarTsserddAkrowteN

TN noitanimreTkrowteN

DSP ytisneDlartcepSrewoP

FR ycneuqerFoidaR

RNS oitaResioNotlangiS

DISS noitacifitnedIteSecivreS

PCT locotorPlortnoCnoissimsnarT

PTFT locotorPrefsnarTeliFlaivirT

SDW metsySnoitubirtsiDsseleriW

PEW ycavirPtnelaviuqEderiW

NALW krowteNaerAlacoLsseleriW

APW sseccAdetcetorPiF-iW

Table of Contents

REVISION HISTORY ....................................................... iiTERMINOLOGY ...................................................... iii1 INTRODUCTION ....................................................... 11.1 Product Features ........................................................11.2 Package Contents ........................................................21.3 Top Panel Description ........................................................21.4 Rear Panel Description ........................................................32. INSTALLATION ....................................................... 42.1 Hardware Installation for Wireless LAN Access Point.......................42.2 Hardware Installation for WLAN AP Client (In Client mode) ..............42.3 Software Installation ........................................................43 INTRODUCTION TO OPERATING MODES.................................... 53.1 AP Mode ........................................................53.2 Client Mode (AP converter) ...................................................63.3 Repeater Mode ........................................................73.4 Point-to-Point Mode ........................................................83.5 Point-to-Multipoint Mode ......................................................94 SOFTWARE CONFIGURATION ............................................... 104.1 AP Mode ...................................................... 114.1.1 Basic AP Settings ...................................................... 114.1.2 Wireless Advanced Settings.................................................. 124.1.3 Wireless Security Setup ...................................................... 144.1.4 Wireless Access Control ...................................................... 184.2 Client Mode ...................................................... 204.2.1 Client Mode under Ad Hoc Setting .......................................... 204.2.2 Client Mode under Infrastructure Setting .................................. 224.2.3 Wireless Site Survey under Client Mode ................................... 244.2.4 Wireless Security Setup ...................................................... 254.3 Repeater Mode ...................................................... 264.3.1 Setup for your repeater ...................................................... 264.3.2 Wireless Security Setp ...................................................... 274.3.3 Advance Settings ...................................................... 274.3.4 Wireless Access Control ...................................................... 27

iv

4.4 P2P Mode ...................................................... 284.4.1 Setup for your unit as P2P Mode ............................................ 284.4.2 Wireless Security Setp ...................................................... 294.4.3 Advance Settings ...................................................... 294.4.4 Wireless Access Control ...................................................... 294.5 PMP Mode ...................................................... 304.5.1 Setup for your unit as PMP Mode ........................................... 314.5.2 Wireless Security Setp ...................................................... 314.5.3 Advance Settings ...................................................... 314.5.4 Wireless Access Control ...................................................... 314.6 Other Functions ...................................................... 324.6.1 LAN Interface Setup ...................................................... 324.6.2 Status ...................................................... 324.6.3 Upgrade Firmware and change password.................................. 345 FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS (FAQ) .................................. 355.1 What and how to find my PC’s IP and MAC address? .................... 355.2 What is Wireless LAN? ...................................................... 355.3 What are ISM bands? ...................................................... 355.4 How does wireless networking work? ..................................... 365.5 What is BSSID? ...................................................... 375.6 What is ESSID? ...................................................... 375.7 What are potential factors that may causes interference? ............. 375.8 What are the Open System and Shared Key authentications? .......... 375.9 What is WEP? ...................................................... 375.10 What is Fragment Threshold? ............................................... 385.11 What is RTS (Request To Send) Threshold? ................................ 385.12 What is Beacon Interval? ..................................................... 395.13 What is Preamble Type? ...................................................... 395.14 What is SSID Broadcast? ...................................................... 395.15 What is Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA)? ................................... 395.16 What is 802.1x Authentication? ............................................. 405.17 What is Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP)? ......................... 405.18 What is Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) ............................ 405.19 What is Inter-Access Point Protocol (IAPP)? ............................... 405.20 What is Wireless Distribution System (WDS)? ............................ 416 CONFIGURATION EXAMPLES ................................................ 426.1 Example One – DHCP on the LAN ........................................... 426.2 Example Two – Fixed IP on the LAN ........................................ 446.3 Example Three – WLAN AP Client ........................................... 47

v

The Wireless LAN AP (in Access Point mode) is a device that can act as the connectionpoint between the wired Ethernet (CSMA/CD protocol) and the wireless network(CSMA/CA protocol). The Access Point can be easily integrated into your existingwireless network. In large installations, the roaming functionality provided by mul-tiple Access Points allows wireless users to move freely throughout the facility whilemaintaining seamless, uninterrupted access to the network.

The Wireless LAN AP (in Client mode) is designed for entities that equipped withwired Ethernet interface; they can connect through the wireless LAN AP (in Clientmode) and access the wireless network through its feature. WLAN AP (in Client mode)is also called as an AP converter.

This document describes the steps required for the initial IP address assignmentand other AP / Client configurations. The description includes the implementationof the above steps.

Notice: It will take about 25 seconds to complete the boot up sequence afterpower on the WLAN Access Point / Client; all LED’s are blank while booting exceptthe Power LED, and after that the WLAN Activity LED will be flashing to show theWLAN interface is enabled and working now.

1.1 Product Features

Complies with IEEE 802.11b/g standard for 2.4GHz Wireless LAN.Supports 54Mbps data transfer rate with automatic fallback to 5.5M, 2M and1Mbps.Supports bridging function between wireless and wired Ethernet interfaces.Supports 64-bit and 128-bit WEP encryption/decryption function to protectthe wireless data transmission.Supports Inter-Access Point Protocol (IAPP)Supports Wireless Distribution System (WDS)Supports Wireless LAN AP/Client feature.Supports IEEE 802.3x full duplex flow control on 10/100M Ethernet interface.Supports DHCP client for Ethernet LAN interface auto IP address assignment.Supports clone MAC address function.Supports WEB based management and configuration.

1

Introduction

1.2 Package contentsThe package of the WLAN Access Point / Client includes the following items:Access Point / AP51 AC to DC power adapterDocumentation CD

1.3 Top Panel Description

Figure 1 –WLAN Access Point / AP51 Top Panel

LED Indicator State Description

1. Power LED On The WLAN AP / Client is powered on.

Off The WLAN AP / Client is powered off.

2. WLAN Activity Flashing Data is transmitting or receiving on the antenna. LED

Off No data is transmitting or receiving on the antenna

3. LAN LINK LED Flashing Data is transmitting or receiving on the LANinterface.

Off No connection is established on LAN interface.

2

1.4 Rear Panel Description

Figure 2 – WLAN Access Point Rear Panel

Interfaces Description

Reset Push the reset button continuously for 5 seconds to reset theconfiguration parameters to factory defaults.

Power The power jack allows an external DC +5 V power supplyconnection.The external AC to DC adaptor provide adaptive power re-quirement to the WLAN AP.

Lan The RJ-45 socket allows LAN connection through a Category5 cable. Support auto-sensing on 10/100M speed and half/fulll duplex; comply with IEEE 802.3/802.3u respectively.

Antenna The Wireless LAN Antenna.

3

2.1 Hardware Installation for Wireless LAN Access PointStep One : Place the Wireless LAN Access Point to the best optimum transmission

location.The best transmission location for your WLAN Access Point is usually atthe geographic center of your wireless network, with line of sight to allof your mobile stations.

Step Two : Connect the Wireless LAN Access Point to your wired network.Connect the Wireless LAN Access Point by category 5 Ethernet cable toyour switch/ hub/ router/ xDSL modem or cable modem. A standardEthernet cable with appropriate cable length is needed.

Step Three : Supply DC power to the Wireless LAN Access Point.Use only the AC/DC power adapter which is come with the WirelessAccess Point; it may damage your device by using a different type ofpower adapter.

The hardware installation is complete.

2.2 Hardware Installation for WLAN AP (in Client mode)Step One : Connect the WLAN AP Client to LAN port of your PC/ Notebook/ server.

A standard Ethernet cable with appropriate cable length is needed.( In this case, normally, a cross-over Ethernet cable is needed. But AP51supports auto-detect feature, which can always provide correct connec-tion no matter what kind of cable is used) .

Step Two : Supply DC power to the WLAN AP Client.Use only the AC/DC power adapter which come with the WLAN APClient; it may damage your device by using a different type of poweradapter.

The hardware installation is complete.

2.3 Software InstallationThere are no software drivers, patches or utilities needed, but the configuration

of the device is needed. Please refer to chapter 3 for software configuration.

4

Installation

This 802.11g AP features five basic functions, they are :1). Access Point.2). Client.3). Repeater.4). Point to Point.5). Point to Multiple Point.

3.1 AP Mode

The Access Point (AP) mode is by default the out-of-box operational mode. Whenthe user resets the system to the default manufacturing settings, the operationalmode also reverts to AP mode. In the AP mode, the system functions as a standard AP,where many wireless clients can wirelessly communicate through the AP then connectto each other or to connect to the wired network. For example, when traveling to ahotel that has high speed internet access, the user can connect the AP to an ethernetjack on the wall, then open his computer which has a WLAN card installed, and con-nect it to the internet with a wireless connection.

Note that our AP acts only as a layer 2 bridge and does not act as a DHCP server.In other words, it does not supply dynamic IP addresses and instead relies on thenetwork to supply them.

○

○

○

○

○

○

○

○

○

○

○

○

○

○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

5

Ethernet PCs

Wireless Client

Wireless Client

Wireless infrastructure network

AP51(In AP mode)

Switch/Hub

Operating Modes

Figure 3.1 : AP Mode

3.2 Client Mode (AP converter)

Client mode, to speak frankly, is to convert a wired LAN device into a wirelessLAN device. For example, if you have a printer that has a LAN port, normally, you canconnect an Ethernet cable to this LAN port so the printer will become a networkprinter. But if you need the printer to become a wireless device, you can connect itsLAN port to a AP51 (in Client mode), so the printer will become a wireless client de-vice that can communicate with another AP in the neighborhood. As shown in Figure3.2.1, a wired LAN PC first connects to a Client AP, then the whole system will be-come a wireless client which can then associate to an AP or WLAN router within itsrange in infrastructure mode, or join with another Client Bridge in an ad-hoc network,as shown in Figure 3.2.2. The client behaves like a normal wireless client.

○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

○ ○ ○ ○ ○

6

Cable/xDSLModem

WLAN AP/RouterAP51

(In client mode) Ethernet PC

Figure 3.2.1 : Client Bridge in Infrastructure Mode

Figure 3.2.2 : Client Bridge in Ad-Hoc mode

AP51(In client mode)

AP51(In client mode) Ethernet PC

Ethernet PC

AP51(In client mode)

USB Printer

Printer Server

USB cable

Ethernet cable

○

○

○

○

○

○

○

○

○

Wireless infrastructure network

Wireless Ad-Hoc network

3.3 Repeater Mode

Repeater mode extends the wireless range. Repeater nodes retransmit the signalof another repeater node (or another AP within its range) to effectively extend therange of the AP. Wireless clients associate with the repeater.

A network may have one or more repeaters. Adding more repeaters will reduceoverall system throughput. In repeater mode, one or two remote MAC addresses canbe configured, depending on the role of the repeater in the network. The user alsohas the option to configure the repeater to accept no clients.

Figure 3.3 shows the network with one repeater node, and the repeater acceptingwireless clients.

The remote AP address field in AP51 Repeater contains the MAC address of theAP51 AP.The Repeater address field in AP51 AP contains the MAC address of AP51 Repeater.

○

○

○

○

○

○

○

○

○

○

○

7

○○

○○

○○

○○

○○○○○

○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

LAN Port

Figure 3.3 : One Cascaded Wireless Repeater Node

Switch/Hub

Wireless network

Ethernet PC

Wireless Client

Wireless Client

AP51 Repeater 1AP51 Repeater 2

AP51 works asNormal AP

(Parent of Repeater 1)

(Child of Repeater 1)(Parent of Repeater 2)

○

○

○

○

○

Wireless Client

○

○

○

Wireless Client

3.4 Point-to-Point (P2P) Mode

Two APs in Point-to-Point (P2P) mode establish a wireless connection between twowired networks, as shown in Figure 3.4. APs operating in P2P mode accept no wirelessclients.

Remote AP address field in AP51 (P2P) 1 contains the MAC address of AP51 (P2P) 2.Remote AP address field in AP51 (P2P) 2 contains the MAC address of AP51 (P2P) 1.

Figure 3.4 : P2P Wireless Bridge

○ ○ ○ ○ ○

8

Switch/Hub Switch/Hub

AP51 (P2P) 1 AP51 (P2P) 2

LAN1 Wired network LAN2 Wired network

Wireless network

Ethernet PC

Ethernet PC

Ethernet PC Ethernet PC

Ethernet PC

Ethernet PC

3.5 Point-to-Multipoint (PMP) Mode

APs operating in Point-to-Multipoint (PMP) mode connect more than two wirednetworks, as shown in Figure 3.5.

The root AP (LAN 1) operates in the PMP mode, and the other APs (LAN 2, LAN 3)must operate in P2P mode.

APs that operate in PMP mode accepts no wireless clients.The user must enter the P2P AP51 MAC addresses (up to six) into the PMP system tableof Remote AP addresses.

○○○○○○○

○

○

○

○

○

○

○

○

○

○

○

○

9

LAN1 Wired network

AP51 (PMP)

AP51 (P2P)

AP51 (P2P)

Wireless network

Figure 3.5 : PMP Wireless Bridge

LAN2 Wired network

LAN3 Wired network

Ethernet PCs

Ethernet PCs

Ethernet PCs

Switch/Hub

Switch/Hub

Switch/Hub

After you have completed the initial installation, you can access the configura-tion menu by opening the web browser and typing in the IP address of the 11g Wire-less LAN AP51.

The 11g Wireless LAN AP51 is delivered with the following factory defaultparameters.

Default IP Address: 192.168.1.254Default IP subnet mask: 255.255.255.0WEB login User Name: <admin>WEB login Password: <1234>

Below are the simple steps to get access to the configuration menu:Open the web browser

Type in the IP address of the11g Wireless LAN AP51,(192.168.1.254).Note: If you have changed the default IP address assigned to

the 11g Wireless LAN AP51, make sure to enter the correct IP address.

Type admin in the User Name field

Enter the default password:1234 in the Password field

Click OK

The Home screenWill appear.

10

Software Configuration

4.1 AP Mode

Before you start: Open a WEB browser, i.e. Microsoft Internet Explore, then enter192.168.1.254 on the URL to connect the Wireless LAN Access Point.

4.1.1 Basic AP Settings

Step 1 From the Home Setup Page, select Access Point and click on Setup to enterthe next step.

Step 2 From the AP Mode Setup Page, click on Apply to change to AP Mode.(As shown in Blue Circle)

11

4.1.2 Wireless Advanced Settings

These settings are only for more technically advanced users who have a suffi-cient knowledge about wireless LAN. These settings should not be changed unless youknow what effect the changes will have on your Access Point.

Step 1 From the Home Setup Page, select Access Point and click on Setup to enterthe next step.

Step 2 From the AP Mode Setup Page, click on Setup under Advanced Settings.(As shown in Blue Circle)

12

Step 3 Refer to below table, input your settings, then click on Apply to update.

Screen snapshot – Wireless Advanced Settings

Item DescriptionBeacon Interval Set the Beacon Interval, value can be written between 20 and 1024 ms.

Beacons are packets sent by an access point to synchronize a wirelessnetwork. Refer to 4.12 What is Beacon Interval?

RTS Threshold Set the RTS Threshold, value can be written between 256 and 2347bytes. This value should remain at its default setting of 2,347. If youencounter inconsistent data flow, only minor modifications to the valuerange between 256 and 2,347 are recommended. Refer to 4.11 What isRTS (Request To Send) Threshold?

DTIM Interval Delivery Traffic Indication Message, or similar to Beacon Rate. Enter avalue between 1 and 255 (default is 2) for the Delivery Traffic Indica-tion Message (DTIM.) A DTIM is a countdown informing clients of thenext window for listening to broadcast and multicast messages.

Protection Mode Enable or Disable (default) the broadcast of the SSID nameacross the network. SSID is a name that identifies a wire-less network. All devices on a network must use the sameSSID to establish communication.

Transmit Rate Select the transmission data rate from pull-down menu. Data rate canbe auto-select, 54, 48, 36, 24, 18, 12, 11M, 9, 6, 5.5M, 2M or 1Mbps.

Preamble Type Click to select the Long Preamble or Short Preamble support on thewireless data packet transmission. Refer to 4.13 What is Preamble Type?

Connect Repeater Select Enable if there is any Repeater associated with this AP. Key in atmost two remote Repeater addresses in this field. Select Disable if noRepeater is associated.

13

4.1.3 Wireless Security Setup

Wireless security may be established through WEP or WPA.Turn on WEP or WPA by using encryption keys could prevent any unauthorized

access to your wireless network.

Steps on setup WEP:

Step 1 From the Home Setup Page, select Access Point and click on Setupto enter the next step.

Step 2 From the AP Mode Setup Page, select WEP dial under Securityand click on Setup to enter the next step.

14

Step 3 Refer to below table, input your settings, then click on Apply to update.

Screen snapshot – Set WEP Key

Item DescriptionWeb Length Select the WEP shared secret key length from pull-down menu. The length

can be chosen between 64-bit and 128-bit (known as “WEP2”) keys.The WEP key is composed of initialization vector (24 bits) and secret key(40-bit or 104-bit).

Mode Select the WEP shared secret key format.The format can be chosen between plain text (ASCII) and hexadecimal(HEX) Mode.

Passphrase Type a combination of up to 64 letters, numbers, or symbols in this field.Click Generate key, and the Configuration utility uses an algorithm togenerate four WEP keys based on the typed combination.

Encryption Key 1 Secret key 1 of WEP security encryption function.Encryption Key 2 Secret key 2 of WEP security encryption function.Encryption Key 3 Secret key 3 of WEP security encryption function.Encryption Key 4 Secret key 4 of WEP security encryption function.Default Tx Key Set the default secret key for WEP security function. Value can be chossen

between 1 to 4.Apply Click the Apply Changes button to complete the new configuration setting.

Key Length

Length Format 64-bit 128-bit ASCII 5 characters 13 characters HEX 10 hexaecimal codes 26 hexaecimal codes

15

Steps on setup WPA:

Step 1 From the Home Setup Page, select Access Point and click on Setupto enter the next step.

Step 2 From the AP Mode Setup Page, select WPA dial under Securityand click on Setup to enter the next step.

16

Step 3 Refer to the below table, select an authentication method, input Passphrasecharacters, arrange a re-key timer, then click on Apply to update thechanges.

Screen snapshot – Set WPA Key

Item DescriptionAuthentication Select between PSK (Pre-Shared keys) or 802.1xMethodPassphrase Type 8 ~ 63 alpha-numeric characters in this field. The Configuration

utility uses an algorithm to generate security key based on the typedcombination.

Grouop Re-Key Time Set 1 ~ 2147483647 seconds in this field. It allows you to set the timeinterval before the WPA group key is changed. A shorter re-key intervalprovides a more secure wireless network.

Apply Click the Apply Changes Button to complete the new configurationsetting.

17

4.1.4 Wireless Access Control

If you enable wireless access control, only those clients whose wireless MAC addressesare in the access control list will be able to connect to your Access Point. When thisoption is enabled, no wireless clients will be able to connect if the list contains noentries.

Steps on setup MAC Address:Step 1 From the Home Setup Page, click on Setup under Access Point to enter the

next step.

Step 2 From the AP Mode Setup Page, click on Setup under Access Filter to enterthe next step.

18

Step 3 Select Enable/Disable under MAC Filtering to activate the MAC function.

Step 4 Click on Apply to update the changes.

Screen snapshot – Wireless Access Control

Item DescriptionMAC Filtering Click on “Enable” dial to activate wireless access control.

This is a security control function; only those clients registered in theaccess control list can link to this WLAN Acess Point.

Filter Mode Grant accessibility to users.Filter List Fill in the MAC address of client to register this WLAN Access Point Access

Point access capability.Apply Click the Apply Changes Button to complete the new configuration

setting.

19

4.2 Client Mode (AP Converter)

Before you start : Open a WEB browser, i.e. Microsoft Internet Explore, thenenter 192.168.1.254 on the URL to connect the Wireless LAN Access Point.

4.2.1 Client Mode under Ad Hoc Setting

Step 1 From the Home Setup Page, select Client and click on Setup to enter thenext step.

Step 2 At the Setup Page, select and enter the SSID (ex. MyWLAN).Select Ad-Hoc as the Operation Mode.And click on Apply to update the settings.

20

Step 3 Wait for the system to update the changes.

Step 4 Click on Status Tab to review the changes.The Mode and SSID should have updated as marked.

21

4.2.2 Client Mode under Infrastructure Setting

Step 1 From the Home Setup Page, select Client and click on Setup to enter thenext step.

Step 2 At the Setup Page, select and enter the SSID (ex. MyWLAN).Select Infrastructure as the Operation Mode.And click on Apply to update the settings.

22

Step 3 Wait for the system to update the changes.

Step 4 Click on Status Tab to review the changes.The Mode and SSID should have updated as marked.

23

4.2.3 Wireless Site Survey under Client Mode

The following procedures show how to scan the wireless connections in surround-ing area.

Step 1 From the Home Setup Page, click on Setup under Client to enter the nextstep.

Step 2 From the Client Mode Setup Page, click on Site Survey to enter the nextstep.

This page provides tool to scan the wireless network. If any Access Point or IBSS isfound, you could choose to connect it manually when client mode is enabled.

Screen snapshot – Wireless Site Survey

24

4.2.4 Wireless Security Setup

Wireless security may be established through WEP or WPA.Turn on WEP or WPA by using encryption keys could prevent any unauthorized accessto your wireless network.

Note: Please refer to 4.1.3 Wireless Security Setup under AP Mode Section.

Item Description

Scan Click the Scan button to scan the wireless network forexisted AP’s.

Join Select the WLAN AP and click Join button to connect it when client modeis enabled.

25

4.3 Repeater Mode

Before you start : Open a WEB browser, i.e. Microsoft Internet Explore, then enter192.168.1.254 on the URL to connect the Wireless LAN Access Point.

4.3.1 Setup for your repeaterStep 1 From the Home Setup Page, select Repeater and click on Setup to enter the

next step.

Step 2 From the Repeater Mode Setup Page:If there is only one repeater, enter AP Mac address in PARENT field.If there are many repeaters cascaded, enter the PARENT and CHILD Macaddresses in order to establish the repeater function.

Step 3 Click on Apply to update the changes. (As shown in Blue Circle)

26

4.3.2 Advanced SettingsThese settings are only for more technically advanced users who have a suffi-

cient knowledge about wireless LAN. These settings should not be changed unless youknow what effect the changes will have on your Access Point.

Note: Please refer to 4.1.2 Wireless Advanced Settings under AP Mode Section.

4.3.3 Wireless Security SetupWireless security may be established through WEP or WPA.

Turn on WEP or WPA by using encryption keys could prevent any unauthorized accessto your wireless network.


4.3.4 Wireless Access ControlIf you enable wireless access control, only those clients whose wireless MAC

addresses are in the access control list will be able to connect to your Access Point.When this option is enabled, no wireless clients will be able to connect if the listcontains no entries.

Note: Please refer to 4.2.4 Wireless Access Control for Steps on setup MacAddress.

27

4.4 Point to Point (P2P) Mode


4.4.1 Setup your unit as P2P ModeStep 1 From the Home Setup Page, select P2P and click on Setup to enter the next

step.

Step 2 From the P2P Mode Setup Page:Enter the value of AP Mac Address of the remote AP51 (in P2P mode).


28

4.4.2 Advanced SettingsThese settings are only for more technically advanced users who have a sufficientknowledge about wireless LAN. These settings should not be changed unless you knowwhat effect the changes will have on your Access Point.


4.4.3 Wireless Security SetupWireless security may be established through WEP or WPA.Turn on WEP or WPA by using encryption keys could prevent any unauthorized accessto your wireless network.


4.4.4 Wireless Access ControlIf you enable wireless access control, only those clients whose wireless MAC addressesare in the access control list will be able to connect to your Access Point. When thisoption is enabled, no wireless clients will be able to connect if the list contains noentries.

Note: Please refer to 4.4.4 Wireless Access Control for Steps on setupMac Address.

29

4.5 Point to Multipoint (PMP) Mode


4.5.1 Setup your unit as PMP ModeStep 1 From the Home Setup Page, select PMP and click on Setup to enter the next

step.

Step 2 From the PMP Mode Setup Page:Enter the Mac addresses of AP1 through AP6 (in P2P mode); up to maxi-mum of 6 Mac Addresses, it is depending on the number of yourconnections.


30

Tip on Set up PMP units:More than one units will be used to set up PMP environment.In order to make the connection work, each unit within the network has to con-

tain all the Mac Addresses of other devices.

4.5.2 Advanced SettingsThese settings are only for more technically advanced users who have a sufficientknowledge about wireless LAN. These settings should not be changed unless you knowwhat effect the changes will have on your Access Point.


4.5.3 Wireless Security SetupWireless security may be established through WEP or WPA.Turn on WEP or WPA by using encryption keys could prevent any unauthorized accessto your wireless network.


4.5.4 Wireless Access ControlIf you enable wireless access control, only those clients whose wireless MAC addressesare in the access control list will be able to connect to your Access Point. When thisoption is enabled, no wireless clients will be able to connect if the list contains noentries.

Note: Please refer to 4.1.4 Wireless Access Control for Steps on setupMac Address.

31

4.6 Other Functions

4.6.1 LAN Interface SetupThe following page shows how to configure the parameters for local area net-

work that connects to the LAN port of your Access Point.Here you may change the setting for IP address, subnet mask, Gateway, etc.

Steps to setup IP configuration:

Step 1 From the Home Setup Page, click on LAN tab.Step 2 Enter Device Name under Device Name.Step 3 Select between Automatic IP or Fixed IP based on the application

requirements.Step 4 Click on Apply to update the changes.

Screen snapshot – LAN Interface Setup

Item DescriptionDevice Name Key in AP name such as MyAP851500.Specific IP If the DHCP Client function is disabled, fill in the IP address of this WLAN

Access Point / Client.Gateway If the DHCP Client function is disabled, fill in the default gateway for out

going data packets.Apply Click the Apply Changes Button to complete the new

configuration setting.

32

4.6.2 Status

This page shows the details of the connection status of both wireless andEthernet networks.

Step 1 From the Home Setup Page, click on Status tab.

Step 2 Review the current status of the network.

Screen snapshot – Status

33

4.6.3 Upgrade Firmware and change password

This page allows you upgrade the Access Point firmware to new version. New pass-word can also be setup at this same page.Please note, do not power off the device during the upload because it may crash thesystem.

Upgrade Firmware:Step 1 From the Home Setup Page, click on Admin tab.Step 2 Click the Browse button to select the new version of web firmware image

file.Step 3 Click on Apply to update the changes.

Change Password:Step 1 From the Home Setup Page, click on Admin tab.Step 2 Enter new password under the New Password section.Step 3 Enter the new password again in the Reconfirm Password section.Step 4 Click on Apply to update the changes.

Screen snapshot – Admin Tab

34

5.1 What and how to find my PC’s IP and MAC address?IP address is the identifier for a computer or device on a TCP/IP network.Networks using the TCP/IP protocol route messages based on the IP addressof the destination. The format of an IP address is a 32-bit numeric addresswritten as four numbers separated by periods. Each number can be zero to255. For example, 191.168.1.254 could be an IP address.

The MAC (Media Access Control) address is your computer’s unique hardwarenumber. (On an Ethernet LAN, it’s the same as your Ethernet address.) Whenyou are connected to the Internet from your computer (or host as theInternet protocol thinks of it), a correspondence table relates your IP addressto your computer’s physical (MAC) address on the LAN.

To find your PC’s IP and MAC address,Open the Command program in the Microsoft Windows.Type in ipconfig /all then press the Enter button.

Your PC’s IP address is the one entitled IP Address and your PC’s MACaddress is the one entitled Physical Address.

5.2 What is Wireless LAN?A wireless LAN (WLAN) is a network that allows access to Internet withoutthe need for any wired connections to the user’s machine.

5.3 What are ISM bands?ISM stands for Industrial, Scientific and Medical radio frequency bands thatthe Federal Communications Commission (FCC) authorized for wireless LANs.The ISM bands are located at 915 +/- 13 MHz, 2450 +/- 50 MHz and 5800 +/-75 MHz.

35

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

5.4 How does wireless networking work?The 802.11 standard defines two modes: infrastructure mode and ad hocmode. In infrastructure mode, the wireless network consists of at least oneaccess point connected to the wired network infrastructure and a set ofwireless end stations. This configuration is called a Basic Service Set (BSS).An Extended Service Set (ESS) is a set of two or more BSSs forming a singlesubnetwork. Since most corporate WLANs require access to the wired LANfor services (file servers, printers, Internet links), they will operate in infra-structure mode.

Example 1: wireless Infrastructure Mode

Ad hoc mode (also called peer-to-peer mode or an Independent Basic Ser-vice Set, or IBSS) is simply a set of 802.11 wireless stations that communi-cate directly with one another without using an access point or any connec-tion to a wired network. This mode is useful for quickly and easily setting upa wireless network anywhere that a wireless infrastructure does not exist oris not required for services, such as a hotel room, convention center, orairport, or where access to the wired network is barred (such as for consult-ants at a client site).

Example 2: wireless Ad Hoc Mode

36

5.5 What is BSSID?A six-byte address that distinguishes a particular access point from others.Also known as just SSID. Serves as a network ID or name.

5.6 What is ESSID?The Extended Service Set ID (ESSID) is the name of the network you want toaccess. It is used to identify different wireless networks.

5.7 What are potential factors that may cause interference?Factors of interference:

Obstacles: walls, ceilings, furniture… etc.Building Materials: metal door, aluminum studs.Electrical devices: microwaves, monitors and electrical motors.

Solutions to overcome the interferences:Minimizing the number of walls and ceilings.Position the WLAN antenna for best reception.Keep WLAN devices away from other electrical devices, e.g.:microwaves, monitors, electric motors, … etc.Add additional WLAN Access Points if necessary.

5.8 What are the Open System and Shared Key authentications?IEEE 802.11 supports two subtypes of network authentication services: OpenSystem and Shared Key.1). Under Open System authentication, any wireless station can requestauthentication. The station that needs to authenticate with another wirelessstation sends an authentication management frame that contains the identityof the sending station. The receiving station then returns a frame that indi-cates whether it recognizes the sending station.2). Under Shared Key authentication, each wireless station is assumed tohave received a secret shared key over a secure channel that is independentfrom the 802.11 wireless network communications channel.

5.9 What is WEP?An optional IEEE 802.11 function that offers frame transmission privacy simi-lar to a wired network. The Wired Equivalent Privacy generates secretshared encryption keys that both source and destination stations can use toalert frame bits to avoid disclosure to eavesdroppers.WEP relies on a secret key that is shared between a mobile station (e.g. alaptop with a wireless Ethernet card) and an access point (i.e. a base

37

station). The secret key is used to encrypt packets before they aretransmitted, and an integrity check is used to ensure that packets are notmodified in transit.

5.10 What is Fragment Threshold?The proposed protocol uses the frame fragmentation mechanism defined inIEEE 802.11 to achieve parallel transmissions. A large data frame is frag-mented into several fragments each of size equal to fragment threshold. Bytuning the fragment threshold value, we can get varying fragment sizes. Thedetermination of an efficient fragment threshold is an important issue in thisscheme. If the fragment threshold is small, the overlap part of the masterand parallel transmissions is large. This means the spatial reuse ratio of paral-lel transmissions is high. In contrast, with a large fragment threshold, theoverlap is small and the spatial reuse ratio is low. However high fragmentthreshold leads to low fragment overhead. Hence there is a trade-off be-tween spatial re-use and fragment overhead.Fragment threshold is the maximum packet size used for fragmentation.Packets larger than the size programmed in this field will be fragmented.

If you find that your corrupted packets or asymmetric packet reception (allsend packets, for example). You may want to try lowering your fragmenta-tion threshold. This will cause packets to be broken into smaller fragments.These small fragments, if corrupted, can be resent faster than a largerfragment. Fragmentation increases overhead, so you’ll want to keep thisvalue as close to the maximum value as possible.

5.11 What is RTS (Request To Send) Threshold?The RTS threshold is the packet size at which packet transmission is gov-erned by the RTS/CTS transaction. The IEEE 802.11-1997 standard allows forshort packets to be transmitted without RTS/CTS transactions. Each stationcan have a different RTS threshold. RTS/CTS is used when the data packetsize exceeds the defined RTS threshold. With the CSMA/CA transmissionmechanism, the transmitting station sends out an RTS packet to the receivingstation, and waits for the receiving station to send back a CTS (Clear toSend) packet before sending the actual packet data.This setting is useful for networks with many clients. With many clients, anda high network load, there will be many more collisions. By lowering the RTSthreshold, there may be fewer collisions, and performance should improve.Basically, with a faster RTS threshold, the system can recover from problemsfaster. RTS packets consume valuable bandwidth, however, so setting this

38

value too low will limit performance.

5.12 What is Beacon Interval?In addition to data frames that carry information from higher layers, 802.11includes management and control frames that support data transfer. Thebeacon frame, which is a type of management frame, provides the “heart-beat” of a wireless LAN, enabling stations to establish and maintain communi-cations in an orderly fashion.Beacon Interval represents the amount of time between beacontransmissions. Before a station enters power save mode, the station needsthe beacon interval to know when to wake up to receive the beacon (andlearn whether there are buffered frames at the access point).

5.13 What is Preamble Type?There are two preamble types defined in IEEE 802.11 specification. A longpreamble basically gives the decoder more time to process the preamble. All802.11 devices support a long preamble. The short preamble is designed toimprove efficiency (for example, for VoIP systems). The difference betweenthe two is in the Synchronization field. The long preamble is 128 bits, andthe short is 56 bits.

5.14 What is SSID Broadcast?Broadcast of SSID is done in access points by the beacon. This announcesyour access point (including various bits of information about it) to the wire-less world around it. By disabling that feature, the SSID configured in theclient must match the SSID of the access point.

Some wireless devices don’t work properly if SSID isn’t broadcast. Generallyif your client hardware supports operation with SSID disabled, it’s not a badidea to run that way to enhance network security. However it’s no replace-ment for WEP, MAC filtering or other protections.

5.15 What is Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA)?Wi-Fi’s original security mechanism, Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP), hasbeen viewed as insufficient for securing confidential businesscommunications. A longer-term solution, the IEEE 802.11i standard, is underdevelopment. However, since the IEEE 802.11i standard is not expected tobe published until the end of 2003, several members of the WI-Fi Allianceteamed up with members of the IEEE 802.11i task group to develop a signifi-

39

cant near-term enhancement to Wi-Fi security. Together, this team devel-oped Wi-Fi Protected Access.To upgrade a WLAN network to support WPA, Access Points will require a WPAsoftware upgrade. Clients will require a software upgrade for the networkinterface card, and possibly a software update for the operating system. Forenterprise networks, an authentication server, typically one that supportsRADIUS and the selected EAP authentication protocol, will be added to thenetwork.

5.16 What is 802.1x Authentication?802.1x is a framework for authenticated MAC-level access control, definesExtensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) over LANs (WAPOL). The standardencapsulates and leverages much of EAP, which was defined for dial-upauthentication with Point-to-Point Protocol in RFC 2284.Beyond encapsulating EAP packets, the 802.1x standard also defines EAPOLmessages that convey the shared key information critical for wirelesssecurity.

5.17 What is Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP)?The Temporal Key Integrity Protocol, pronounced tee-kip, is part of the IEEE802.11i encryption standard for wireless LANs. TKIP is the next generation ofWEP, the Wired Equivalency Protocol, which is used to secure 802.11 wire-less LANs. TKIP provides per-packet key mixing, a message integrity checkand a re-keying mechanism, thus fixing the flaws of WEP.

5.18 What is Advanced Encryption Standard (AES)?Security issues are a major concern for wireless LANs, AES is the U.S.government’s next-generation cryptography algorithm, which will replaceDES and 3DES.

5.19 What is Inter-Access Point Protocol (IAPP)?The IEEE 802.11f Inter-Access Point Protocol (IAPP) supports Access PointVendor interoperability, enabling roaming of 802.11 Stations within IPsubnet.IAPP defines messages and data to be exchanged between Access Points andbetween the IAPP and high layer management entities to support roaming.The IAPP protocol uses TCP for inter-Access Point communication and UDPfor RADIUS request/response exchanges. It also uses Layer 2 frames to updatethe forwarding tables of Layer 2 devices.

40

5.20 What is Wireless Distribution System (WDS)?The Wireless Distribution System feature allows WLAN AP to talk directly toother APs via wireless channel, like the wireless bridge or repeater service.

41

6.1 Example One – Automatic IP on the LAN

Sales division of Company ABC likes to establish a WLAN network to support mobilecommunication on sales’ Notebook PCs. MIS engineer collects information and plansthe WLAN Access Point implementation by the following configuration.

All the sales’ Notebook PCs will get IP address automatically from the DHCP server.DHCP server also assigns the IP address of WLAN Access Point LAN interfaceautomatically, so before you can manage the WLAN Access Point through theWEB browser, you need to configure the setting so the individual system can receivethe IP address from DHCP server automatically.

Figure 6.1 – Configuration Example One – DHCP on the LAN

42

Configuration Examples

DHCP server

xDSL/CMSwitch/HUB

Power AdapterEthernet cable

SSID: SDWLANChannel: 11DHCP client




SSID: SDWLANChannel: 11DHCP

1234567123456712345671234567123456712345671234567

Configure the LAN interface:Step 1 From the Home Setup Page, click on LAN tab.

Step 2 Enable the Automatic IP dial.

Step 3 Press Apply button to confirm the configuration setting.

43

6.2 Example Two – Fixed IP on the LAN

Company ABC likes to establish a WLAN network to support mobile communicationon all employees’ Notebook PCs. MIS engineer collects information and plans the WLANAccess Point implementation by the following configuration.

Figure 6.2 – Configuration Example Two – Fixed IP on the WAN

44

IP: 192.168.1.20

xDSL/CMSwitch/HUB

IP: 192.168.1.10 Router

Power AdapterEthernet cable

SSID: MyWLANChannel: 11IP: 192.168.1.30





123456712345671234567123456712345671234567

Configure the LAN interface:Step 1 From the Home Setup Page, click on LAN tab.Step 2 Enable the Fixed IP dial.Step 3 Enter the IP Address “192.168.1.254”,

Subnet Mask “255.255.255.0”,Default Gateway “192.168.1.10”.


Configure the WLAN interface:Step 1 From the Home Setup Page, select Access Point and click on Setup

to enter the next step.Step 2 From the AP Mode Setup Page, enter the SSID “MyWLAN”

(as an example), Channel Number “11” (Channels are availablefrom 1 through 13).

45


46

6.3 Example Three – WLAN AP Client

Company ABC likes to establish a WLAN communication on the PCs that equipped withEthernet interface only, the existed WLAN AP is configured with SSID as “MyWLAN”and channel as eleven. MIS engineer collects information and plans the WLAN AccessPoint and AP Client implementation by the following configuration.

WLAN AP Client configuration:LAN configuration

WLAN configuration

Figure 6.3 – Configuration Example Three – WLAN AP Client

47

sserddAPI 452.1.861.291

ksaMtenbuS 0.552.552.552

yawetaGtluafeD 01.1.861.291

edoM tneilC

epyTkrowteN erutcurtsarfnI

DISS NALWyM

rebmuNlennahC 11

WLAN Access Point

Ethernet cable


DHCP clientDHCP client

Ethernetcable

Ethernetcable

WLAN AP Client WLAN AP Client

SSID: MyWLANChannel: 11IP: 192.18.1.77Gateway: 192.168.1.10

SSID: MyWLANChannel: 11IP: 192.18.1.88Gateway: 192.168.1.10

Switch/Hub

Configure the LAN interface:Step 1 From the Home Setup Page, click on LAN tab.Step 2 Enable the Fixed IP dial.Step 3 Enter the IP Address “192.168.1.254”,

Subnet Mask “255.255.255.0”,Default Gateway “192.168.1.10”.


Configure the WLAN interface:Step 1 From the Home Setup Page, select Client and click on Setup

to enter the next step.Step 2 At the Setup Page, select and enter the SSID (ex. MyWLAN).Step 3 Select Infrastructure as the Operation Mode.Step 4 Press Apply button to confirm the configuration setting.

48

INFORMATION TO USERFederal Communication Commission Interference Statement

This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class Bdigital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed toprovide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation.

This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, ifnot installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interfer-ence to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference willnot occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interferenceto radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipmentoff and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one of thefollowing measures:

Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to whichthe receiver is connected.Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.

This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to thefollowing two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2)this device must accept any interference received, including interference that maycause undesired operation.

FCC Caution: Any changes or modifications not expressly approved by the partyresponsible for compliance could void the user's authority to operate this equipment.

IMPORTANT NOTE:FCC Radiation Exposure Statement:

This equipment complies with FCC radiation exposure limits set forth for anuncontrolled environment. This equipment should be installed and operated withminimum distance 20cm between the radiator & your body.This transmitter must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with anyother antenna or transmitter.

49

One Year Limited Warranty

This device is guaranteed against manufacturing defects for one full year from theoriginal date of purchase.This warranty is valid at the time of purchase and is non-transferable.This warranty must be presented to the service facility before any repair can bemade.Sales slip or other authentic evidence is required to validate warranty.Damage caused by accident, misuse, abuse, improper storage, and/or uncertifiedrepairs is not covered by this warranty.All mail or transportation costs including insurance are at the expense of the owner.Do not send any product to service center for warranty without a RMA (ReturnMerchandise Authorization) and proof of purchase. Ensure a trackable method ofdelivery is used (keep tracking number).Warranty is valid only in the country of purchase.We assumes no liability that may result directly or indirectly from the use or misuseof these products.

IMPORTANT" This warranty will be voided if the device is tampered with, improperly serviced,or the security seals are broken or removed"

50

Version: 2.4 11g Wireless LAN AP51 - Aloitus€™s Manual Version: 2.4 11g Wireless LAN AP51 Five...

Documents

Transcript of Version: 2.4 11g Wireless LAN AP51 - Aloitus€™s Manual Version: 2.4 11g Wireless LAN AP51 Five...