PRESENT SIMPLE VERB TO “BE”

El verbo 'To be' tiene una importancia especial en inglés. Se corresponde a los verbos españoles

"ser" y "estar". Dependiendo del sentido de la frase deduciremos de cual de los dos se trata.

Example: I am English / Soy ingles I am in England / Estoy en Inglaterra

Tiene algunos usos especiales distintos a sus equivalentes españoles.

Sirve para expresar la edad, en cuyo caso se traduce por 'tener':

Example:

Mary is 20 years old / Maria tiene 20 años I am 21 / Yo tengo 21 años

How old are you? / ¿Cuántos años tienes?

Para expresar las sensaciones también se emplea el verbo 'to be' y equivale al 'tener' español.

Example:Are you hungry? / ¿Tienes hambre? He is thirsty / Tiene sed

También para hablar sobre el tiempo atmosférico. En este caso se traduce por 'hacer'

Example:It's windy / Hace viento It's very cold / Hace mucho frío

AFFIRMATIVE FORM

PersonalPronoun

VerbTo Be

Short form Example Translation

I am I’m I’m a student Soy estudiante

You are you're You’re from Puerto Montt Eres de Puerto Montt

She is she’s She’s the English teacher Ella es la profesora de inglés

He is he's He’s an excellent actor Él es un excelente actor

It is it’s It’s a very nice puppy Es un cachorro muy simpático

We are we're We’re in the classroom Estamos en la sala de clases

You are you're You’re very tired today Ustedes están muy cansados hoy día

They are they're They’re at the mall shopping Están de compras en el centro comercial

NEGATIVE FORM

PersonalPronoun

To Be + not

Short form

Example Translation

I am not I’m not I’m not a student No soy estudiante

You are not you're not

you aren’t

You’re not from Puerto Montt No eres de Puerto Montt

She Is not she’s notshe isn’t

She’s not the English teacher Ella no es la profesora de inglés

He Is not he's nothe isn’t

He isn’t an excellent actor Él no es un excelente actor

It Is not it’s notit isn’t

It’s not a very nice puppy No es un cachorro muy simpático

We Are not we're notwe aren’t

We aren’t in the classroom No estamos en la sala de clases

You Are not you're notyou aren’t

You aren’t very tired today Ustedes no están muy cansados hoy día

They Are not they're notthey aren’t

They aren’t at the mall shopping

Ellos no están de compras en el centro comercial

INTERROGATIVE FORM (Yes – No questions)

Estas preguntas se responden : sí ó no

VerbTo Be

PersonalPronoun

Example Translation

Am I ? Am I a student? Soy yo estudiante?

Are You? Are you from Puerto Montt? Eres tú de Puerto Montt?

Is She? Is she the English teacher? Es ella la profesora de inglés?

Is He? Is he an excellent actor? És él un excelente actor?

Is It? Is it a very nice puppy? Es un cachorro muy simpático?

Are We? Are we in the classroom? Estamos nosotros en la sala de clases?

Are You? Are you very tired today? Están ustedes muy cansados hoy día?

Are They? Are they at the mall shopping? Están ellos de compras en el centro comercial?

Ex: Are you from Pto Montt? Is he an excellent actor?

Yes, I am / No, I’m not Yes, he is / No, he isn’t

Are they at the mall shopping? Are we in the classroom?

Yes, they are / No, they aren’t Yes, we are / No, we’re not

WH- QUESTIONS

Where? ¿Dónde? Where is my coat? ¿Dónde está mi abrigo?

What? ¿Qué? ¿Cuál? What is your name?¿Cuál es tu nombre?

When?¿Cuándo?When is their final exam?¿Cuándo es su examen final?

Practice

A) Put these sentences into the negative and interrogative form.

Aff.: Mr. Miller is a dentist.

Neg.:……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

Inter:……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

Aff.: My mother is at the supermarket.

Neg:……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

Inter:……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

Aff: Linda is my best friend.

Neg:………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Inte:………………………………………………………………………………………………………...

Aff: We are a family

Neg. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

Inter………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

Aff: They are very busy today.

Neg………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

Inter………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

B) Write the contractions.

a) I am  - ____________________                 e) She is not - ________________

b) You are not - _______________                 f) He is  - ___________________

c) They are  - _________________                 g) It is not - __________________

d) Am I? - ___________________                 h) We are not - ________________

C) Complete these sentences with the verb to be.a) I ______________ happy. f) Gino ___________________ an athlete.b) She ____________ very nice. h) Mary and Peter __________ students.c) It ______________ a notebook. i) The computer ____________ broken.d) Gloria __________ the new teacher. j) The line _________________ busy.e) They ___________ my friends. k) Joe and I ________________ roommates.

D) Correct the mistakes of these sentences. Not all of them are incorrect.a) Mary aren't an actress. ______________________________________________________________b) Steve is a lawyer. __________________________________________________________________ c) Are Angela your roommate? ___________________________________ ______________________d) They isn't books. __________________________________________________________________e) Are Joe and Sue friends? ____________________________________________________________ F) Write questions from these words. a) (your mother at work?) Is your mother at work ? b) (you tired?) _______________________________________________________________________?c) (Melissa nice?) ____________________________________________________________________?

d) (she a good person?) _______________________________________________________________ ? e) (they your friends?) ________________________________________________________________? f) (I late?) __________________________________________________________________________?

G) Choose the correct alternative to complete the sentence 1.She ___________________ from France.amisare

2. _____________________ you happy?AmIsAre

3. _____________________ Mr. Jones a teacher?AmIsAre

4. You ________________ not in my class.amisare

5. The dogs _____________ in the yard.amisare

6. ___________________ I in your seat? Am Is Are