Accelerator-based research in nuclear physics, material

science, isotope production, radiochemistry, analytical

chemistry etc., & development of large scale detectors and

experimental facilities.

Accelerator design, development, construction, and operation.

Theoretical nuclear physics, outreach, human resources (35).

Technology development (primarily related to accelerators

and accelerator-based research, and for societal benefit )

Collaborations at RHIC, LHC, INO, FAIR, TRIUMF, Fermi Lab, …

Regional Radiation Medicine Centre & The Medical Cyclotron

Lest We Forget!

Land acquired 1968; Project Sanctioned 1969; Beam 1977

This land is very special:First mentioned by Clive who saw it from the roof of his “kothi” at Dumdum.

The Christopher Canal or Kestopur Khal is part of the “Marhatta Ditch”

surrounding the city of Calcutta.

During 1756-57, the army of Nawab Sirajuddaula camped here before attacking

Calcutta.

After capturing Calcutta the Nawab renamed it as “Alinagar”. The legend of

“Black Hole” was invented in the aftermath of this war to malign him.

During a severe cyclone in 1767, pilot whales were “blown here”.

The sweet “lady keni” (Lady Canning) commemorates this event .

The visionary Bidhan Chandra Roy developed it as a township for the middle

class of Calcutta.

During the Bangladesh War and later it was camp for refugees and prisoners of

war.

श्रणृ्वन्तु ववश्वे अमतृस्य पुत्राः(Oh the Children of Immortality, Listen if you please ..)

The Original Flora of 1/AF Bidhan Nagar

Original Inhabitants of 1/AF Bidhan Nagar

A Swarm of Mosquitoes Following our Scientists on a

Typical Evening!

Today, I thrillIn the ecstasy of creation.I smile, My eyes glitterAnd my blood revels With effervescent splendourIn the ecstasy of my creation.

-Kazi Nazrul Islam

VEC accelerates ~8 MeV alphas!

June 16, 1977

224cm Variable Energy Cyclotron; Operating since 1977

Training ground of accelerator & nuclear physicists in the country

Beam utilization of

K130 Variable Energy Cyclotron (2013-14)

Projectiles utilized for experiments (2013-14)

• Alpha : 26 – 70 MeV

• Proton : 7.5 – 18 Mev

• Deuteron : 25 MeV

• He+ : 5.55 - 7.77 MeV

RIB23%

Nuclear Physics 20%

Radiation Chemistry

14%

Material Sc.25%

Isotope Prod16%

Others2%

RIB

Nuclear Physcs

Radiation Chemistry

Material Sc.

Isotope Prod

Others

How the beam was used?

Improvements are a Continuous Process!

K130 deflector septum handling device

Exposure to

personnel

handling K130

deflector

reduced

Manual handling

of deflector

septum

eliminated

Distance of

personnel more

than one metre

Spring loaded

lever for locking

K130 cyclotron ion source positioning

Remote positioning and

monitoring.

New data acquisition system

Position can be monitored

in (r,q) and (x, y) coordinate

Prevents physical contact

with central region

components

Magnetic field mapper

Volume:1300 x 1200 x 300 mm

Measurement by hall sensor/NMR

Accuracy: 0.2 mm

Resolution: 20 micron

Zero interruption in two years compared to interruption every 15

minutes to 6-7 days, earlier- which used to be fixed by spraying

aerosols.

Beam Transport System Vacuum Control System

ELEC. POWER

PUMP

MCC

IOC

CONTROL LAN

CONTROL I/O

ISO. VALVES,

LINE GATE

VALVES, VACUUM

GAUGES,

INTERLOCKS,

LOCAL CONTROL

PANEL

OPI

PLC SYSTEM

MODBUS-TCP

Elaborate vacuum system – 42 pumps, 50 HV valves & gauges distributed over 5 beam lines

State-of-the-art PLC based system with 384 digital & 64 analog I/O capacity

EPICS based supervisory control – single GUI for controlling BTS vacuum system and

cyclotron vacuum system

Local control panel – optimally designed with minimal h/w elements, for in-situ control

Inter-PLC communication - for exchanging crucial control parameters with Cyclotron

Vacuum Control system

Integration with Cyclotron control & monitoring system at supervisory level and archiving of

control parameters

K130 VEC: Crane wheel repair

A crack was seen on one of the crane wheel of K130 cyclotron. A repair was undertaken. Material composition of the wheel was analyzed, recommended welding filler material and process were chosen, electrical heaters were wound on the wheel for pre-heating and temperature sensors were mounted to keep the temperature within 100 – 130 Deg. C during welding. Radiography test was performed, which showed a successful weld. The wheel was mounted on the rail and crane was load tested before giving clearance for operation.

Crack observed in crane wheel Wheel after completion of welding

Heavy ion acceleration program at K130 Variable Energy Cyclotron

We plan to provide:

• Nitrogen (14) 5+, 6+

• Oxygen (16) 5+, 6+, 7+

• Neon (20) 6+, 7+

• Argon (40) 11+, 12+, 13+

• Ni (58) 16+ and above

• Cu (63) 17+ and above

• Zn (65) 17+ and above

First plasma discharge in a new 14.4 GHz ECR ion source (for K-130 cyclotron)

ECR Ion Source assembled with microwave

injection And injection side vacuum system.

Image of a star shaped plasma captured

from the extraction side of ECR ion source

BM1

BM2

SM2SM3SM4

SM5

SM6

SM7

SM8

SM1

BDC2

BDC5

BDC7

BDC4

BDC3 BDC1

BDC6

Heavy ion injection at K130 cyclotron

Physics and engineering of

Magnetic elements completed

BM: Bending Magnet

SM: Switching Magnet

BDC: Beam Diagnostic

Chamber

Super-conducting CyclotronIdentification of Deficiencies and

Corrections

Compromise and politesse can be disastrous in nuclear

engineering. Thousands of components—many of them huge

machines in their own right—must be slotted beside one

another, more or less perfectly.- A Star in a Bottle, The New

Yorker.

VECC SUPERCONDUCTING CYCLOTRON

Kbend=520

Accelerate heavy ion beams

Energy 80 MeV/nucleon for light ions

8 MeV/nucleon for heavy ions

Radio-frequency system 9-27 MHz

80 kV maximum Dee voltage

Superconducting magnet Average magnetic field = 5 Tesla

100 Tonnes magnet iron

12.5 Tonnes cryostat

Superconducting Cyclotron with its Beam Line

Accelerated Neon (Ne 3+) Beam

Spot on Viewer Probe

First Beam Acceleration in the Superconducting Cyclotron at VECC (August 25, 2009)

VECC’s Superconducting Cyclotron Accelerates First Beam!

Beam current profile along radius

Neutron and gamma spectrum from Ne + Al nuclear reaction

K500 SUPERCONDUCTING CYCLOTRON EXTERNAL BEAMLINE LAYOUT

The Superconducting Cyclotron Building, with Outside Retrofitting completed.

Efforts During 2012-2013 to Diagnose the Problems of Beam Extraction

• Measurement of beam centering

(Is there a magnetic field harmonic error?)

• Measurement of beam phase w. r. t. RF

(Is there an average magnetic field error?)

• Installation of a new inflector with remote rotation

& vertical movement capability

• Magnetic Field Mapping

Compact magnetic field measurement system for superconducting cyclotron

Space reduced from 23 mm to 16.5 mm with only 2.5 mm below the median

plane. Achieved vertical jitter less than 0.25 mm and horizontal jitter less than

0.05 mm over 700 mm of travel.

Calibration of Search Coil

• Two NMR probes are placed at two points where the required

homogeneity of field for locking the NMR signal exists

One NMR is placed at the cyclotron centre

Other NMR is placed at a point on the hill central line

• The search coil is moved from cyclotron centre to hill centre

• The induced voltage on the search coil is passed through Voltage-to-

Frequency converter and Integrator to give the field difference

between these points.

1st NMR at Cyclotron Centre 2nd NMR at Hill Centre

Iso Gauss contours with

1Gauss difference at the

location of 2nd NMR probe at

Hill-Central line Position of 1st and 2nd NMR probes

Ne4+, 19 MHz, h=2 Operation. Main coil excitations: (448.9 A, 281.09 A)

Search coil calibration

X (inches)

Y (

inch

es)

-400 -200 0 200 400 600

-600

-400

-200

0

200

400

600

Cyclotrons 2013, Vancouver, Canada

Magnetic Field Mapping 2013Contour plot of grid(4,1) map, I_alpha=459.38 A, I_beta=471.87 A

Average Magnetic Field

N2+ in 2nd harmonic mode of operation at RF frequency 14 MHz

N=2 14 MHz

Coil Current

(A)

I_alpha 452.23

I_beta 313.49

TC-0 -68.2

TC-1 82.58

TC-2 -34.9

TC-3 0

TC-4 -226.7

TC-5 -121

TC-6 -157.3

TC-7 -111

TC-8 125

TC-9 -130

TC-10 21

TC-11 21

TC-12 26.8

TC-13 262

32.125

31.891

Difference ~234 Gauss at centre

Coil

Current

(A)

I_alpha 448.9

I_beta 281.09

TC-0 -133.33

TC-1 162

TC-2 -56.6

TC-3 0

TC-4 41.3

TC-5 -19

TC-6 -192.3

TC-7 0

TC-8 -54.6

TC-9 116

TC-10 0

TC-11 168.3

TC-12 151.9

TC-13 195.8

Average Magnetic Field

Ne4+ in 2nd harmonic mode of operation at RF frequency 19 MHz

Difference ~233 Gauss at centre

31.175

30.942

Amplitude of First Harmonic FieldN2+ in 2nd harmonic mode of operation at RF frequency 14 MHz

Large first

harmonic field

from 610 mm.

Peaks at 650 mm,

45 Gauss !!!

Deflector position

is 667 mm

MAIN HURDLE

FOR BEAM

EXTRACTION?

(Gauss)

Conclusions from Field Mapping

• Average field error at the centre

• Large first harmonic field at the

extraction zone

• Large first harmonic at the centre

Coil Tank

Inner Wall

Hill Shoes

Fitted with Coil Tank

Inner wall

Sectional View

Iron Shims on the Inner wall of coil-tank

For correction of 1st harmonic field

Median Plane

(Imaginary)

RF Liner

(Lower)

Hill Shoes

Fitted with Coil Tank

(Upper & Lower)

(@ 3 sectors)

Shim

@180 Degree

Shims added on

the side of hill

additions

Lower Dee

(@3 sectors)

Shim

@sector ‘A’

Shim

Fitted with

Hill Shoe

@1 Degree

Upper Dee

(@ 3 sectors)

Coil Tank

Inner Wall

Shim

@sector ‘C’Central plug

hill additions

SCC: Magnetic field shimming

SCC: Magnetic field shimming for central region

New hill additions

After detailed magnetic field measurements, new center region hill addition components were designed, machining and installed. Final field measurement shows the required improvements in field quality at the central region.

SCC: Modification of RF system (central region)

Slope addedto increase vertical gap

New central connectors are designed to increase the vertical gap. It is expected that higher Dee voltages can be acheived.

SCC: Improvement in Dee positioning

Dee stem height measurement

Coil tank liner position measurement

Measurement gauges

Dee leveling

Dee gap measurement

Dee movement measurement

SCC magnetic field average field

Comparison of average field among measurements in 2006-February when the poles were bare (before installation of trim coil and RF liner), 2013-May (After installation of trim coils and RF liner) and 2013-August (after partial correction of magnetic field by modifying central iron plug and putting iron shims on the inner wall of coil-tank). The field mapping result shown in the figure is for following excitations of main coils (403.1 A , 340.62 A).

SCC magnetic field 1st harmonic

Comparison of 1st harmonic field amplitude among measurements in 2006-February when the poles were bare (before installation of trim coil and RF liner), 2013-May (After installation of trim coils and RF liner) and 2013-August (after partial correction of magnetic field by modifying central iron plug and putting iron shims on the inner wall of coil-tank). The field mapping results shown in the figure is for following excitations of main coils (403.1 A , 340.62 A).

-0.01

0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75

Am

pli

tud

e o

f B2

(KG

)

Radius cm

old-2006

new-before correction

new-after correction

SCC magnetic field 2nd harmonic

Variation of second harmonic field amplitude before and after correction

0

0.005

0.01

0.015

0.02

0.025

0.03

0.035

0.04

0.045

0.05

0.055

0.06

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650

B1

in K

G

Radius mm

g24(553.13,190.63) g31(431.25,406.25)

g35(631.25,206.25) g41(459.38,471.88)

g44(609.38,321.88) g45(659.38,271.88)

g51(487.5,537.5) g54(637.5,387.5)

SCC magnetic field 1st harmonic

Excitation dependence of first harmonic field before correction at different excitations. ‘g’ denotes grid numbers and corresponding alpha and beta coil currents (in amperes) are inside the bracket.

• The varying amplitude of first harmonic with main

coil excitation indicates that the cause of this first

harmonic is axis mismatch between the coil and

iron poles.

• The partial correction of first harmonic was

implemented at a particular operating point (at 19

MHz, 2nd harmonic operation of N+2).

• The first harmonic amplitude could be reduced,

but at the cost of large second harmonic.

Conclusions from Interim Measures for Field Correction

• Trapped volumes in beam chamber removed (relief hole drilled in about 200 fasteners)

• Operation of charcoal cryopanel started

• Improved hydrogen pumping with charcoal cryopanels

• Stable operation of radio frequency system

Improvement in VECC SCC Vacuum System

RADIATION SHIELD

Spanner in Works: Power Failures

Developments in Accelerator

Technology

Design and Fabrication of Large Switching

Magnets for SCC Beam Line

Two large switching magnets to guide the beam through the desired channel

by angles of 420 and ±320 respectively. The maximum field of the magnets in

the pole gap is about 16 kG with better than 3 x 10-4 field homogeneity at all

excitations. The total weight of these magnets is around 12 Ton and 16 Ton

respectively. ARRIVED!

Development of conductively cooled HTS magnet

using commercial cryo-cooler for test set-up: SMES

Cooling cum support for magnetTemperature & field distribution

14 pancakes were fabricated and tested individually in liquid nitrogen

for quality control and ready for final assembly inside the cryostat

Development of a Cryo-cooler based High

Temperature Superconductor Steering Magnet

Motivation:

Development of Conduction-cooled

HTS magnet technology: Future

trends world wide

A HTS based steering magnet for

K500 cyclotron external beam line

(high beam rigidity) will be very

compact and can be conceived.

Challenges:

As HTS materials are brittle in nature, winding

technology needs to be developed with utmost care.

Integration of the coil with cryo-cooler for efficient

cooling.

Development of cryostat well within the heat

budget of cryo-coolers.

Bending Angle

(For max Beam

rigidity: 3.3 T-

m)

±3 deg horizontal;

±1.5 deg Vertical;

Iron Length (m) 0.3

Good field

Region (mm)

±35

Conductor

(mm)

BSCCO-2223 (4.3 ×

0.25 )

NI (A-T) for

each By coil

80×6×175 (Three

DPC for each By coil)

NI (A-T) for

each Bx coil

60×4×175 (Two DPC

for each Bx coil)

Operating

Temperature

20 K

Basic

specification:

HTS coil testing set-up

Development of 9 T superconducting focusing solenoid for RIB Project at VECC

Special Features:

Focusing in the superconducting LINAC is provided by

superconducting solenoids (B~ 9 T).

End magnetic fringe field is controlled by active bucking coil.

Special magnetic shielding technology to reduce the stray

magnetic field near superconducting LINAC sufficiently

below 50 mT (Bc1 OF Nb (@ 4.2 K): 129 mT)

Main coil(MC)

Bucking coil(BC)

Iron

Axial Field 9 T

Bore diameter 42 mm

Bore type Cold

Leff 340 mm

Lmax 540 mm

Fringe field level at

cavity wall

< 30 mT

Conductor NbTi (1.96 × 1.26 )

Current(MC) 330 A

Current (BC) 280 A

Fringe field

compensation

End bucking coil

Operating

Temperature

4.2 K

THE COMPLETE CRYOMODULE

THE SOLENOID

Ic (9T, 4.2K)=483 A

Nos. of filaments: 54

Cu/NbTi ratio: 1.35

Plasma ion source based high current low energy

focused ion beam system (1st in India, 2nd in World)

Target

Thickness

of target

(mm)

IonEnergy

(kV)

Current

used in

milling

(mA)

Diameter

of hole

(mm)

time to

drill hole

(Seconds)

Milling

rate

mm3/s

Ta 100 Xe 10 2 12 114 132

Cu 60 Xe 10 2 12 16 565

Mo 100 Xe 10 2 12 120 128

WC 300 Xe 10 0.8525x500

(slot)4500 260

Cu foil of thickness 100 mm Micro drilling of 100 um thick Tantalum sheet by

10 keV Xe ion beam

Low energy focused ion beam system

RF

AMPLIFIER

HEAT SINK

DIRECTIONAL COUPLERRF TRANSFORMER

Vacuum Chamber

LN2 Shield Chamber

LHe Chamber

Mu Metal Magnetic

Shield

Cavity

Cryoperm Magnetic

Shield

Radiation Shield

Cryostat for testing SCRF cavity

Design of the cryostat to test cavities for IFCC has been completed.

Procurement of the cryostat and magnetic shield is in progress

4K-2K test set up

3D model of test set up

Assembly

Vacuum

chamber

4K Phase

separator

2K Phase

separator

4K LHe in

4K LHe out

2K He pumping

port

2K LHe safety

port

Superconducting RF

cavities are used for

Radio-active Ion Beam

acceleration. Cavities

operated at 2K

produce higher electric

field gradient with

lower losses. A test-

setup is planned to

produce 2K liquid from

4K liquid helium

available from the

helium refrigerator.

RFQ vane for RIB acceleration

The complex geometry was modelled and the RFQ vane was fabricated in-house with an accuracy of better than 10 micron at the modulation surface

Rare Isotope Beam Frontier

K130 Vault

Target Ion SourceECRIS

IH-3

RB-3

RB-4

Layout of the RIB Facility at VECC

Rebuncher 3 & 4

Frequency : 75.6 MHz q/A ≥ 1/7

No. of gaps : 4 Cavity Length : 0.43 m

Q0 : 6600 (Simulation) / 5460 (Measured)

Ready for Commissioning

SC Linac for heavy-ion beam acceleration from 1 to 2 MeV/u

Tuner

Central Drift

tube

End Drift tube

Coupler

Central

tube

Frequency [MHz] 113.4

β0 [%] 5.3

No. of resonators 8

Epeak/Eacc ~ 7.6

Bpeak/E_acc [G-m/MV] ~130

Initial/final energy (MeV/u) 1.04/2.0

Niobiu

m QWR

cavity

Cryo-module

Design in advanced

stage

Design of internal superconducting solenoid for SC HI Linac

Effective Field Length [mm] 340

Physical Length [mm] 540

Max. Axial Field [T] 9

Fringing Field near QWR [mT] <0.21

Conductor NbTi

Conductor size [mm x mm] 1.88 x 1.18

Critical current of conductor [A] 822 @ 8T

Design in advanced

stage

72

Radioactive Ion Beam of 111In (T1/2 2.8 days)

Applications of 111In RIB

Perturbed Angular Correlation -

study of materials characteristics via

hyperfine interaction between probe

and lattice

Radio-tracer for wear studies of bio-

medical implants, automobile

components and industrial products,

tracer for biological studiesGamma-ray spectrum from decay of 111In

Ion-plasma sputtering in ECR

Preparations on for user experiments

73

RIB annex building

Test plan

74

Cryogenic distribution layout is being finalized at VECC

CCM

ICM

He pump

LN2 dewar

4K-2K test set-up

4K-2K test set-up

A National Facility for Unstable and

Rare Ion Beams

&

Centre for Nuclear Theory

A Vision for Rajarhat Campus

Next phaseLINAC booster

Ring

Cyclotron

Stripper

Stable Isotope Beam

LINAC

100 MeV/u

Nuclear structure, Elastic/ Inelastic

scattering, Coulomb barrier physics,

Super Heavy Elements

1.0 MeV/u

0.1 MeV/u

7 MeV/u

Nuclear Astrophysics

P

F

S

Studies on drip

line & near drip

line nuclei

RIB

RIBSecondary

target

Exotic fragments

ANURIB

12th plan

Phase-11+

Ion

Source

1+ RIB

Stable isotope

injection

Separator

ECR Ion Source

Material Science &

biological studies

with stable & RIBs1.5

keV/u

Spectroscopy of r-process, n-

rich exotic nuclei

High current

Injector

n

Actinide

Target SC electron

LINAC

50 MeV, 100 kW

e- g

Ta

e-

1.5

keV/u

Neutron beam-line for nuclear astrophysics, material science

b+

Positron beam-linen+ RIB

Radioactiv

e Atoms

RFQ

76

30 MeV, 1mA Proton

driver

pRadioactiv

e Atoms

77

Scheme of photo-fission production of RIB in ANURIB

Isotope Separator On Line

RIB

target 238U

fission products

Ion Source

Post-accelerator

Radioactive Ion Beam

E-Linace- g

tantalumconverter

50 MeV Superconducting Electron LinacBased on 1.3 GHz SRF technology

78

Capture Cryo Module (CCM) : to be fabricated in Indian industry

4K separator

He gas

return pipe

strongback

1.3 GHz 9-cell

cavity

tuner

Power

coupler

Heat

exchanger

79

Injector Cryo Module (ICM) being assembled at TRIUMF Canada

9-cell cavity

tuner

strongback

vacuum

vessel

80

Niobium 1.3 GHz Cavity development at TRIUMF

9-cell cavity

Dressed 9-cell cavity

1-cell cavity

1-cell cavity cold tests

9-cell cavity alignment

9-cell cavity inspection

Test plan

81

4K-2K test set-up is being assembled

Helium leak test of nitrogen vessel of cryostat

4K Phase separator 2K phase separatorElliptical top flange

Elliptical vacuum chamber Radiation Shield Prototype heat exchanger(1:5)

Electron

Beam

RIB

TRIUMF Target module

Multiple charge state acceleration using Alternate Phase Focusing in

superconducting heavy-ion linacs for ANURIB

• Radioactive ion beam intensity loss should be minimized during post-acceleration

• 1.3 MeV/u radioactive ions pass the foil stripper → several charge states are created

• One could utilize most of the RI beam intensity if multiple charges are accelerated

• This is achieved using a novel Asymmetrical Alternate Phase (A-APF) focusing mode in

superconducting heavy-ion linacs

• Beam dynamics results show that one could accelerate almost 81 % of input Uranium

beam before foil stripper to an energy of 6.2 MeV/u from 1.3 MeV/u. Ten charge states

from 34+ to 43+ could be simultaneously accelerated.

S.Dechoudhury, Alok Chakrabarti, Y-C Chao (TRIUMF) (communicated to PRSTAB)

85

ANURIB phase-1 – Floor layout is being finalized

Centre for Nuclear Theory & Hub for ANURIB: Front View

Centre for Nuclear Theory & Hub for ANURIB : Side View

Podium

Second Floor

Typical Floor Plan: 3rd to 10th

Medical Cyclotron: Approaching

Realization!

Medical Cyclotron Project (30 MeV, 500 mA p)

Societal Benefit:Production of SPECT (Ga-67, Tl-201) and PET radio-isotopes and processing radio-pharmaceuticals used in nuclear imaging of cancerous tumors.

Importance in Atomic Energy Program:• Material Science R&D on structural materials for Nuclear Reactor• R&D on LBE target for ADSS

Cyclotron

SPECT

PETR&D

ADSS

Expected Date of

Completion:

2015

1. PET and SPECT isotopes

2. R&D Experiments in Material

Sciences & radiochemistry

3. Experiments on liquid metal target

500 μA proton beam with

15 MeV to 30 MeV energy

Utilization:

Radioisotopes to be Produced

Radioisotope

(T1/2)

Nuclear Reaction Target

Quantity per

Run

Proton

Energy

(MeV)

Beam

Current

(mAmp)

Average

Irradiation

Time

Ga-67

(78.3 h)

68Zn(p, 2n) 67Ga 1 gr

(98% enriched)28.5 200 * 9.5 h

Tl-201

(73.5 h)

203Tl(p, 3n) 201Pb

(9.4 h)

(EC/b+)

201Pb 201Tl

1 gr

(98% enriched)28.5 200 * 9.5 h

In-111

(67.9 h)

112Cd(p, 2n) 111In 1 gr

(98% enriched)28.5 200 * 9.5 h

FDG

(1.8 h)

18O(p, n) 18F 2 gr

(95% enriched

H218O)

18 40 1 – 2 h

* Wobbling

Medical Applications

Radioisotope Half – life Radiopharmaceutical Diagnostic use

201Tl 73.5 hrs [201Tl] Thallous chloride Myocardial perfusion imaging

67Ga 78.3 hrs [67Ga] Gallium citrate Soft tissue tumour imaging

(abscess and infection

imaging)

123I 13.2 hrs [123I] Sodium iodide Thyroid uptake & imaging

[123I] Monoclonal

antibody

Cancer

111In 68 hrs [111In] Peptide Cancer

18F 110 min [18F]

Fluorodeoxyglucose

Regional glucose metabolism

in brain, heart and tumour

11/06/2012

ADSS Beam Line Area

June 6, 2014

Electrical Systems

Compressor Buliding

Blower Building

Water Tank

Sewage Treatment Plant

Loading

Unloading

Bay

Ready to Receive the Main Magnet!

Cyclotron Vault

Medical Cyclotron Kolkata: Front Expression

LANDSCAPE LEGENDS

Sr.

No.

PLANT PARTICULARS QUANTITY

(KG / NO)

1 PASPALUM NOTUDUM LAWN 4800 KG

2 KOREAN CARPET (2’ X 1’ SLAB) 13700

3 GOLDEN DURANTA 7200

4 ROYAL / BOTTLE PALMS 60

5 LAGERSTOEMEA THORELLI 20

6 CASSIA FISTULA 08

7 FOXTAIL PALM 45

8 BOTTLE BRUSH (WEEPING WILLOW) 02

9 SPATHODIA COMPANULATA 09

10 CANA GENARALLIS RED 125

11 CANA GENERALLIS YELLOW 125

12 IMPATIENS BALSAMIEA 800

13 LANTENA CAMERA LAVENDER 750

14 LANTENA CAMERA WHITE 750

15 FICUS STARLIGHT 20

16 SPATHYPHYLLUM INNOPHYLLUM 60

17 BEETLE NUT PALM 20

18 ARECA CATECHU PALM 32

19 CYCUS REVOLUTA PALM 01

20 TABEBUIEA AVELLENDI 04

21 POINSETTIAS 176

22 ALSTONIA SCHOLARIS 35

23 BOUGAINVELLIEA

(PINK, WHITE, YELLOW, RED, MAGENTA)

400

24 BAUHINIEA PURPURIEA 02

25 THIVETIA NERIFOLIA 08

26 JAMUN TREE 01

27 CANA GENERALLIS (YELLOW & RED) 250

28 TRAVELLERS PALM

(RAVENALA MADAGASCARENSIS)

01

LANTENA

CAMERA

FURCURIA

CASSIA

FISTULA

LAGERSTROEMIEA

THORELLI

GOLDEN

DURANTA

THIVETIA

NERIFOLIASPATHYPHYLLUM

INNOPHYLUM

KANCHAN

KOREAN

CARPET

PASPALLUM

LAWN

SPATHODIA

COMPANULATA

BOTTLE

BRUSH

C

FOXTAIL

PALM

LILIES

LANTENA

CAMERA

STATUE /

SCULPTURE

WATER BODY

ARECA

PALM

FICUS

STARLIGHT

TABEBUIEA

AVELLINDI

CORDIA

SEBESTINA

BUTEA

MONOSPERMA

BRITTLENUT

PALM

TRAVELLER

PALM

JAMUN TREECORDIA

SEBESTINA

Collaborations with FAIR & Fermi Lab

Die-punchFormed dummy cavity

CMM inspection measured deviations

Development of superconducting RF cavity

A SET OF DUMMY

650 MHZ HALF

CELL CAVITY OF

ALUMINUM IS

MADE

SUCCESSFULLY

FOR HIGH

ENERGY HIGH

CURRENT

(~1GEV, 20MA)

PROTON LINEAR

ACCELERATORS

IIFC: Forming of Nb Half cell

Nb disc ready for deep drawing

Deep drawing press

Nb half cell after deep drawing

Under Indian Institution and FermilabCollaboration, design and fabrication of Superconducting RF cavity, 650 MHz, b=0.6 is under progress. First Nb half cell is made. Further work on building a single cell cavity is in progress.

VECC at India based Neutrino Observatory

Magnet coil, power supply and Bakelite RPCs

75 layer 1/8 scale ICAL module for

MaduraiR&D for silver brazing of 30mm

conductor at VECC

•Vendor development in progress

•Conductor procurement in progress

•Power supply design completed

Computation, IT & Automation

Building to house

High Performance

Computing Facility

Computing Resources – New Addition

• 32 node blade servers

• Theoretical peak

performance: 7 Tera

Flops

• Processing Cores:

768

• CPU: AMD Opteron

6234 @ 2.4 GHz

• Aggregate RAM: 2 TB

Protection of IT Assets

• Quarterly audit of the IT devices

and IT services

• New website of VECC is in

conformance with the

Guidelines for Indian

Government Websites (GIGW)

• Deployment of a centralised

Anti-Virus for securing all the

client machines connected to

the VECC LAN New website of VECC

• Security of IT devices, IT assets and underlying Operating

System

-- In line with the recommendations of the Computer

Information Security Advisory Group (CISAG) of DAE

Regular IT Services

• Web page of VECC

• E-mail

• E-services • Administration, Accounts, Stores,

Purchase, Security

• Attendance, CHSS, Guest House

• Online submission and management of APAR, IPR

• Online Ticket Request System (OTRS)

• Online Public Access Catalogue (OPAC) for library

Gluster Global Namespace

(NFS,CIFS etc.)

Application Data

Cloud Storage

Architecture Features

• Online File Storage cloud.

• Easy access to the files, folders, contacts etc. via web browser, desktop application etc.

• Synchronizes the data across all the devices with version control.

• Enables sharing of data within the VECC’s personnel and research teams.

• Helps IT managers to enable backup facility for IT infrastructure.

• Backup over ANUNET is under testing.

Gluster Virtual

Storage Pool

IP Network

Client

Apps

Client

Apps

Own

Cloud

App

Disk

pool

Disk

pool

Development of Library Automation System

• Automation of VECC library

would enable

– Users to issue, renew and return

books directly from/to the kiosk

– Library personnel to easily locate,

shelve and perform stock verification

– Protection against pilferage of library

holdings

• Automation is based on

electronics developed in-house

and open source software

(KOHA)

• Our development will supplant

the existing commercial system

• It will free us from exorbitant

upgrade and maintenance costs

Online Library Catalogue

Research on Autonomous Mobile

Robot Navigation• In many applications a mobile robot is

required to navigate autonomously

• The capabilities required for autonomous

navigation include that of mapping and

localization. We have

– Developed method for building maps of indoor

environments*

– Developed method for localization in indoor

environments

• Application areas: Continuous radiation

profiling around accelerators/nuclear power

plants, transportation of hazardous material,

remote survey and inspection and the like.*B. Sarkar, P. K. Pal, D. Sarkar, "Building maps of indoor environments by merging line

segments extracted from registered laser range scans", Robotics and Autonomous Systems,

volume 62 (2014) pp. 603–615.

Maps built by the

proposed method

Automatic Key Management System

• The system will allow or restrict, depending upon authorization, the

employees of an organization to withdraw and return keys of

offices/laboratories from/to kiosk

• ID card-based user authentication

• Automated recording of all key transactions, enhancing security

• Based on RFID technology

• Lessen burden on security

personnel.

Improvements in Our Fire & Safety Systems

Shobar upor manush shottotahar upore nai

- Chandidas

Improvements in Electrical Systems

33KV/433 VOLT SWITCHYARD

SCC- 2nd Feeder through Transformer-6

3200Amp. Sandwich Bus duct installed for SCC 2nd feeder

Renovation of Fencing & Painting of 33KV Switchyard

250 KVA, AMF –Silent DG set at RRMC Thakurpukur: Commissioned

Solar Street Lights at Rajarhat Campus

33KV, 3rd Feeder from GIS sub station installed by WBSEDCL for increasing reliability of VECC Power

VECC & BRIT, Kolkata collaboration

Indigenous development of automated

computer controlled 99mTc-TCM-

AUTOSOLEX module by VECC &

BRIT, Kolkata for preparation of

pharmaceutical grade 99mTc from (n, g) 99Mo (produced at BARC reactor) for

societal benefits. Chemical Process

Unit

PC based GUI

showing the Process

Schematic &

Operational Status

99mTc-TCM-AUTOSOLEX

The system has been thoroughly tested

and put to use at RRMC, VECC,

Thakurpukur.

1st clinical studies of 99mTc obtained

from TCM-AUTOSOLEX module was

performed at RRMC, VECC,

Thakurpukur, Kolkata on 24.10.2013.

More than 70 clinical studies have

been carried out successfully till

December, 2013 at RRMC, VECC,

Thakurpukur, using various

radiopharmaceuticals prepared from the99mTc obtained from this module.

99mTc-TCM-AUTOSOLEX: Utilization

Enhanced radiological and pharmaceutical

safety as well as enhanced capacity to handle

much larger quantity of low-medium specific

activity Mo-99.

As per the request from CE, BRIT, 5

Autosolex Electronics Modules has been

fabricated at VECC and is being given to BRIT,

Mumbai for commercialization of the unit.

99mTc-TCM-AUTOSOLEX

Chemical process scheme

Under the IAEA Coordinate

Reaearch Project (CRP) on

direct production of 99mTc in

cyclotron, separation of

technetium radionuclide from

the irradiated Mo target by a

new method was studied and the

suitability of the quality was

ascertained as compared to those

produced by standard methods.

The unit may also be used for

separation of 99mTc from (n, g)99Mo, produced at BARC

reactor.

99mTc-TCM-AUTODOWNA: Development

The Chemical processing was automated and computer controlled.

Chemical process unit

99mTc-TCM-AUTODOWNA: Development

Automation Electronics

Electronics Module Front Panel

Visions of 68Ge/68Ga Generator

• Use of 68Ge/68Ga generator which is used to make 68Ga-base PET radiopharmaceuticals is growing.

• We have planned to produce this generator using medical cyclotron produced 68Ge.

Achievements:

• Produced a few mCi 68Ge using VECC

cyclotron by Zn(p,2n) and Ga(p,2n) reaction

• Prepared a SnO2 based 68Ge/68Ga generators and evaluated their performance for more that 1 year. Average elution efficiency has been 55% .

Work needs to be done:

• Designing and fabrication of target holder with adequate cooling arrangements for irradiation of Ga metal (m.p. 30 oC) target with 25-50μA proton beam

Target holder for Ga metal irradiation

SS Nb

GAS IN/OUT INSULATOR

UP-STREAM FEED-THRU COOLINGLCW OUT

LCW IN

GAS IRRADIATION AL-ALLOY ENCLOSURE:

Ø25.4mm x 490 mm lg

PROTON BEAM

SETUP FOR GAS IRRADIATION BY PROTON BEAM (10 µA)

300 oC

600 oC

900 oC

Temp. profile of the

window foil (25μ HAVAR)

Fulfilling Dreams of Future: 22Na production in Medical Cyclotron

22Na is often used

as a positron source in calibrating ion chambers and PET cameras

to study damage in material using positron annihilation

Since there is demand for this radioisotope we have considered to produce this radioisotpe in the upcoming medical cyclotron facility.

Achievements:

A gas target irradiation chamber has been designed to produce 22Na by 22Ne(p, n)22Na reaction on Ne gas at 8 bar pressure using 17 MeV, 10 μA proton beam.

The target holder is in advance stage of fabrication and it will be tested soon for irradiation of Ne gas.

Regional Radiation Medicine Centre

DUAL HEAD GAMMA CAMERA

One More

To Come

NUCLEAR IMAGING AT RRMC-2012

BONE32%

THYROID

16%

I-131 Large dose6%

DMSA8%

Other>1%

PERCENTAGE OF DIFFERENT NUCLEAR

SCANS- 2012

Hepato-biliary

4%

RENOGRA

M

34%

Bone 490

Renogram 525

Thyroid 240

I-131 Large

dose

92

Hepatobiliary 54

DMSA 120

Other 08

Total 1569

Skeletal Metastases( CA

Breast)

AUTOMATIC MULTIDETECTOR RIA COUNTER I-131 UPTAKE PROBE

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23

STATISTICS OF HIGH DOSE I-131 THERAPY OF CA

THYROID- 2012

Whole Body

I-131 Scan-

Skeletal

Metastases

From

CA Thyroid

Month Jan. Feb. Mar Apr May Jun. Jul Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov Dec Total

CA

Thyroid

Therapy

04 02 04 05 06 06 05 05 07 00 01 04 49

Bar Chart of Statistics of

I-131 therapy of CA Thyroid-

2012

Tc-99m MIBI

BREAST

TUMOR

IMAGING

Tc-99 m

HAS

NANOCOLLOID

LYMPHO-

SCINTIGRAPHY

I-131 Therapy Facility at RRMC, Saroj Gupta CC&RI.

Presently One bed. Proposed to augment it to two

beds with additional delay tank of 8000 litres

Location of

existing

delay tanks

New 8000 L

delay tank to

be built near

existing

delay tanks

And Basic Research

Measurement of lifetimes ~ picoseconds through Mirror

Symmetric Centroid Difference Technique in odd-odd 146Eu

A new and outstanding

technique for measurement

of ps lifetimes - explored

first time in India

Makes the first step forward

towards the complete

spectroscopy of nuclei at

VECC

Establishes the validity of Z =

64 subshell closure for N = 83

odd-odd Eu.

Produced with 4He beam from

K = 130 cyclotron and studied

with LaBr3 (Ce) detectors

T. Bhattacharjee, D. Banerjee, S. K. Das

et al., Phys. Rev. C88, 014313 (2013)

146Eu

The MSCD technique successfully applied for the neutron rich Iodine nucleiaround 132Sn shell closure - Touches important milestone for MSCD techniquein weakly populated nuclear levels in presence of the isotopic contamination

Produced via fission reaction followed by radio-chemical separation

t ≤ 8 ps for the 162 keV level of 132I and 1899 keV level of 131I; wQ (quadrupole frequency) = 275.26 MHz for 49 keV level of 132I

D. Banerjee, A. Saha, T. Bhattacharjee et al., Conf. proc. on 75 years of nuclear fission-

present status and future perspective, held at BARC May 08 - 10; pp 72 (2014)

200

1000

188.0 188.5 189.0 189.5 190.0 190.5 191.0 191.5 192.0200

1000

N

o. o

f E

ve

nts

(81-102) keV

Time (ns)

(102-81) keV

131I :

Ex = 1899 keV

188.3 189.0 189.7 190.4 191.1 191.8200

1000

200

1000

(111-116) keV

Time (ns)

No

. o

f E

ve

nts

(116-111) keV132I :

Ex = 162 keV

Measurement of Level Lifetime and Quadrupole

Moment in Neutron Rich 131,132I Nuclei

0 1 2 3 4 5 6-0.2

-0.1

0.0

0.1

0.2

A2G

2(t

)Time (ns)

Q = 275.26 (15.07) MHz

Q ~ Q* V

zz

132I :

Ex = 49 keV

T. Bhattacharjee, D. Pandit, S. K. Das et al., arXiv:

095813 [nucl-ex] 16 Apr. 2014, submitted in NIMA

A significant achievement

has been made for the

measurement of long lived

beta decaying isomers in

neutron rich nuclei

Another step forward

towards the complete

spectroscopy of nuclei

with K = 130 cyclotron at

VECC.

Measurement was carried

out with one segmented

planar Ge LEPS and one

10% HPGe

Measurement of b-decay with planar Ge LEPS Detector

Symmetry Energy from Nuclear Multifragmentation

CM

GCM

Input Csym = 23.5 MeV

Input Csym= 23.5 MeV

Csym/T from secondary fragments matchwith data.

Values from primary fragments much lower.

Primary Fragments

30

Canonical Model58Ni +9Be 124Xe + 208Pb

primary

140 MeV/n 1 GeV/n

Grand Canonical Model yields from primary fragments give proper results for Csym.

Results from experimental yields or secondary fragments might lead to wrong conclusion

Ref. S. Mallik and G. Chaudhuri, Phys. Rev. C 87, 011602 (2013) (Rapid

Communication)

S. Mallik and G. Chaudhuri ,Phys. Lett. B 727 (2013) 282

CM=Canonical Model

GCM=Grand Canonical Model

Transformation between statistical ensembles in multifragmentation

QC → observable in canonical QGC → observable in grand canonical

Observable Fragmenting

System Mass

Grand Canonical

Ensemble Result

(From Grand

Canonical Model)

Canonical Ensemble

Result

From Eq. (1)

From

Canonical

Model

Average

Multiplicity50 1.854 1.955 1.926

200 7.415 7.516 7.518

Average size of

Largest Cluster50 33.285 44.312 43.533

200 62.245 65.956 66.086

The equation can be used to extract canonical values from grand canonical results

Eq. (1)

(At T=4

MeV)

Ref. G. Chaudhuri, F. Gulminelli and S. Mallik Phys. Lett. B 724 (2013) 115

Transport model (BUU) calculation for estimating initial conditions of projectile fragmentation

Solid line → Transport model calculationDashed line → Parameterized from data

0 50 100 150 200-2x10

3

-1x103

0

1x103

pzc

(M

eV

)

z (fm)

PLF

Red Points → Projectile Test ParticlesGreen Points → Target Test Particles

0.0 0.5 1.00

3

6

9

T (

Me

V)

As/A

0

124Sn+ 119Sn 600 A MeV (GSI Experiment)

Z axis: Beam Direction As: PLF Mass A0=Projectile Mass

Time=200 fm/c

PLF Identification Temperature Profile

Ref. S. Das Gupta, S. Mallik and G. Chaudhuri ,Phys. Lett. B 726 (2013) 427

S. Mallik, S. Das Gupta and G. Chaudhuri, Phys. Rev. C 89, 044614 (2014)

Future Plans:-

To develop a hybrid model

(dynamical+statistical) for studying

central collision reactions around Fermi

energy domain.

To study the liquid gas phase transition

from dynamical model (BUU) of nuclear

multifragmentation.

To study production of hypernuclei in

projectile fragmentation.

Fission lifetime of highly excited

(EX> 50 MeV) trans-uranium nuclei.

INDIRECT METHOD- Pre-scission neutron

multiplicity measurement and GDR technique ~

10-20 sec - 10-21 sec. ( Model Dependent)

DIRECT METHOD- X-ray and crystal blocking

techniques ~ 10-18 sec.

Large discrepancy observed between two

methods.

~ 10-18 sec

- 10-21 sec

Might be due to Quantum Decoherence Effect

So, for X ray and Crystal Blocking Techniques,

measured Fission Lifetime should be 10-18 sec +

10-21 sec ≈ 10-18 sec .

4He (60 MeV) on 238U target produces 242Pu.

Observation of broadened characteristics Pu K X-

ray (103.5 keV) would imply fission lifetime ~ 10-18

sec.

Initial Data

A X-ray peak in coincidence with fission fragments

seems to be emerging at 105.5 keV.

Can it be because of highly deformed Pu near

saddle?

Confirmation

needs more

data.

New

observatio

n.

Hoyle state: Direct decays Vs Sequential decays ?

12C

2+, 4.4 MeV

0+, g. s

The structure of this state is highly

exotic, there are many

unanswered questions regarding

the configuration of this state;

The Hoyle state, second 02+ resonant excited state of 12C at an excitation

energy of 7.654 MeV, plays an important role to understand a variety of

problems of nuclear astrophysics like elemental abundance in the universe as

well as the stellar nucleo synthesis process as a whole .

Difficult to explain by the shell model

Predicted to be a 3-alpha cluster system

Configuration ??

– Linear chain α

structure

Loosely coupled 3α

clusters (gas-like

3α-clusters

condensate in the

lowest S-orbit

Target of thickness ~ 90mg/cm2

Detectors used: TwoDSSD (500 mm) inforward direction andone strip detectortelescope (SSSD, 50 mm+ DSSD, 500 mm) inbackward direction.

The Experiment :

12C (a, a’) 3a at

60 MeV

Strip Detector telescopes

Target

Two DSSD

Direct Decay of Hoyle State

Complete kinematics : fully detected events only : very high statistics

Sequential vs. Direct Decay :: Dalitz Plot

Direct DecayExperiment …………

Total events DDE (%) DDL (%) DD (%) Total (%) CL∼2000a – – – <4 99.5

~1000b 7.5(4) 9.5(4) – 17(5)∼4000b <0.45 – <3.9 <4.35 99.75∼5000a <0.09 <0.09 <0.5 <0.68 95

∼20000a 0.3(1) 0.01(3) 0.60(9) 0.91(14)_______________________________________________________________

a : fully detected event; b : 3-a reconstructed event

Observation 1 : Total direct decay < 1%; not 17% as determined earlier

Observation 2 : 0.3% of events carry signatures of nuclear-BEC (not 7.5%)

Observation 3 : Upper limit of Linear chain structure : 0.1% at 99.75% CL

Present Results : vis-a-vis earlier measurements

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5

GD

R w

idth

(M

eV

)

4

6

8

10

12

TSFM

CTFM

Temperature (MeV)

New Data

CTFM

Temperature & angular momentum dependence of the GDR Width

Critical Temperature Fluctuation Model (CTFM)

GDR

4He + 93Nb 97Tc*

Elab = (28, 35, 42, 50 MeV)

X Axis

5 10 15 20 25

1

2

3

4

X Axis

5 10 15 20 25

1

2

3

X Axis

5 10 15 20 25

1

2

3

Eg (MeV)

5 10 15 20 25

Yie

ld (

arb

unit)

/ (

0.5

MeV

)

1

2

3 X Axis

5 10 15 20 25

1

2

3

Eg (MeV)

5 10 15 20 25

1

2

350 MeV42 MeV

42 MeV

50 MeV

50 MeV

42 MeV

F > 4F > 4

F = 3F = 3

F = 2F = 2

X Axis

5 10 15 20 25

1

2

3

4

X Axis

5 10 15 20 25

1

2

3

X Axis

5 10 15 20 25

1

2

3

Eg (MeV)

5 10 15 20 25

Yie

ld (

arb

unit)

/ (

0.5

MeV

)

1

2

3 X Axis

5 10 15 20 25

1

2

3

Eg (MeV)

5 10 15 20 25

1

2

350 MeV42 MeV

42 MeV

50 MeV

50 MeV

42 MeV

F > 4F > 4

F = 3F = 3

F = 2F = 2K-130 room temperature cyclotron

Angular Momentum ( )0 10 20 30 40 50 60

GD

R W

idth

(M

eV

)

6

8

10

12CTFM

0 = 4.4 MeV

Tc = 0.88144Sm

T=1.35 MeV

T=1.7 MeV

Angular Momentum ( )0 10 20 30 40 50 60

<b

>0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

144Sm

144Sm

Tc = 0.88 MeV

T = 1.55 MeV

(a)

(b)

6

8

10

12

Angular Momentum ( )0 10 20 30 40 50 60

GD

R W

idth

(M

eV

)

8

10

12

T=1.6 MeV

T=1.3 MeV

T=1.9 MeV

T=1.65 MeV

152Gd CTFM 0 = 5.7 MeV

Tc = 0.92 MeV

152Gd CTFM 0 = 5.7 MeV

Tc = 0.92 MeV

(a)

(b)

Phys Rev C 88, 054327 (2013)Physics Letters B 731 (2014) 92

No Shell Effect

Array ready with electronics

High resolution, Highly Granular Si-Strip, CsI(Tl) Array

No. of signals : 1248 (16x3x 24 Si-strip + 4x 24 CsI(Tl) )

No. of Telescopes : 24

Strip detector telescope – DE (55 mm) + E (1030 mm)+ 2 CsI (Tl) (6cm)

tdp

Total Energy ( Channel no. )

DE

(Ch

ann

el n

o.)

3He a

Typical Two Dimensional Spectrum Obtained at Ѳ=37°

Excitation energy spectrum of 26Al at q lab = 37 0

Co

un

ts

Structure f 26Al studied by one -nucleon transfer reaction 27Al(d,t)

Experiment was performed at VECC, Kolkata using 25 MeV deuteron beam

Angular distribution for 5+ and 0+ excited states of 26Al

Triangular flow of thermal photons for 0–40% central collisions of Pb

nuclei at LHC

v3(PP) is non-zero, positive and its pT dependence is qualitatively similar

to the elliptic flow parameter v2(PP).

R. C

hatte

rjee

, DK

S, T

. Ren

k, a

rXiv

:1401.7

464

Effects in the medium

S. Mitra & S. Sarkar, PRD-2013 & PRD-2014

Sub-threshold decay modes of the J/ψ open up due to spectral

changes of D & D* mesons.

The ω meson broadens with increasing density and temperature.

S.Ghosh & S. Sarkar, EPJA 2013

S.Ghosh, S Mitra &

S. Sarkar, NPA 2013

The cross-section changes in the medium and so do the transport coefficients.

Response of viscous quark gluon plasma to heavy quarks

Temperature variation of diffusion (left) and drag (right) coefficients of

heavy quarks in a viscous quark gluon plasma.

Role of hadronic matter in heavy flavour suppression

The role of hadronic phase is marginalized at LHC

RHIC LHC

Suppression of heavy flavours in hot QGP and hadronic medium

INGA @ VECC

Indian

National

Gamma

Array

A Powerful tool to probe shapes and shells of the nucleus

Planned experimental campaign with light ion beam @ VECC

32 proposals received !

Charged Particle Activation Analysis

+Ion beam high

energy Target atom

Nuclear

Reaction

Isotopes

Emitted

particles

Suitable Isotopes are produced with convenient half-lives (a few min. to several months) and g-

rays : (50 to 2000 keV) having good intensity

Charged particles used : High energy ion beams, like p, d : 10 – 30 MeV, a -particle : 40 – 50 MeV

Sample (with unknown amount of impurity) and standard (known amount) were to undergone

irradiation with same ion beam having same energy producing same radioisotopes. The γ-activity of

isotopes in both sample and standard measured to get the amount of impurity

15 MeV proton was chosen for the determination of impurity in graphite and alumina materials to

produce suitable isotopes by preferably (p, n) reaction. The sensitivity could be enhanced to ppm

(parts per million) to ppb (parts per billion) levels by CPAA technique.

High purity graphite and alumina materials used in our Indian power reactor are characterized to

determine the impurity elements present to certify their reactor grade purity.

18 MeV, 0.5 – 1.0 mA protons. 75As(p, n)75Se

Water samples from 24 Parganas (North): As(III) & As(IV) 100-200 ppb!!!! SAFE

Water condenser

Proton beam

On line

camera

Water

sample

Determination of As(III) & As(V) individually in ground water from

Charged Particle Activation Analysis using protons from the Cyclotron

•First report of

on-line irradiation

of liquids at an

accelerator at a

high beam current.

Thin Layer Activation Analysis

Sensitive & powerful nuclear analytical technique to measure surface loss of materials in

nanometer to micrometer level by producing of thin layer of activity of isotopes in surface by

nuclear reaction using high energy ion beams like p, a-particles

Applied to measure the surface loss of zircaloy base material of fuel element during laser

ablation process used for cleaning the adhered MOX powder from clad surface.

U & Pu mixed oxide

(MOX) fuel particulates

Zircaloy fuel element

Wall – thickness ~ 1 mm

MOX Fuel pellets

Laser beamLaser ablation process with Nd-YAG laser

Laser pulse : 1064 nm, 300 ps to 1.5 ns

Vacuum chamber

• 40 MeV a used to generate TLA activity of isotopes of 92mNb and 95Nb (150 – 200 mm) in

surface of fuel element

• Laser power of 200 mJ/cm2 (used for cleaning) : causes surface loss of base materials < 80 nm

(Not significant)

• As laser power enhanced to 20 J/cm2 : loss of base materials occurred in the micron order

• Total loss up to laser power applied 15 kJ : Loss ~ 60 mm

Material Science

&

Radiation Damage Studies

Scanning Electron Microscope image of BiFeO3 nanorods protruding out of nanopores on

anodized alumina template. Average protruded length is 1µm, whereas thickness of anodized

alumina template is 60µm. (Weight of BFO is 40µgms and weight of template is 13.3mg.)

• Sp. Capacitance estimated

to be > 450 F/gm!

• Sensationally high.

•Ideal for electrode with

energy storage.

•Series of such BFO nanorods

would be ideal as capacitors

Bismuth Ferrite (BFO) nanorod

Cond-Mat arxiv 1309.6764

STUDY OF COMPLEX EVOLUTION OF TEXTURE OF HEAVILY

DEFORMED COPPER USING HIGH TEMPERATURE XRD

Temperature and time dependent XRD study on 80% cold rolled Copper

Change in texture during

re-crystallisation

Release of stored energy along different

planes followed using time dependent XRD

6090

0

20

40

60

80

100(3

11

)(22

0)

(20

0)

Annealed (200oC)

In

ten

sit

y

(x103 c

ou

nts)

2 theta (degrees)

(11

1)

Deformed (80% rolled)

Distinct change in the release of stored energy

with time gives a strong signature about the

difference in the locked up micro-stress along

different crystallographic directions

102 103 104 1050.00

0.13

0.25

0.38

Sto

re

d e

ne

rg

y (

J/g

)

Time (secs)

185 C 200 C

{111}

102 103 104 1050.00

0.04

0.08

0.12

{220}Sto

re

d e

ne

rg

y (

J/g

)

Time (secs)

185 C 200 C

Plausible explanation of change of macro-texture :

deformation texture re-crystallization

texture

Zr-1%Nb alloy - Cladding material

for 1000 MWe VVER type

pressurized water reactors

Proton irradiation (5MeV) of Zr-1%Nb samples (annealed at 565C for 4 hrs)doses 5x1016 p/cm2 and 7x1017 p/cm2

Radiation damage of nuclear structural materials using VEC beam

- Collaborative studies with BARC

Characterization of the inhomogeneous damage profile using

•Grazing Incidence XRD – using SYNCHROTRON - RRCAT l =

0.709Å

•Wide-angle XRD – VECC l = 1.54 Å

0 20 40 60 80 1000.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

Instr

um

en

ted

Hard

ness (

GP

a)

Distance from irradiated surface (mm)

5E16 7E17

0 2000 40000.0

2.0x10-4

4.0x10-4

6.0x10-4

8.0x10-4

1.0x10-3

1.2x10-3

1.4x10-3

1.6x10-3

Pv(L

)

L (Å)

unirr

5x1016

7x1017

0 500 1000 1500 2000

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

<2

(L)>

x1

05L (Å)

Unirr

5x1016

7x1017

Damage profile as a function of depth

Narrower size distribution of

domain with increasing dose

Samples Surface weighted

Domain size (Å)

Microstrain

Unirradiated 711 3.72x10-4

5x1016 p/cm2438 1.02x10-3

7x1017p/cm2294 1.09x10-3

Wide- angle XRD

Change in strain field due to

individual dislocations and

dislocations forming domains

with increasing dose

Results of Nano-indentation

Understanding the interaction of irradiation induced defects with nucleation and propagation of dislocations during nano-indentation using MD simulation

and comparison with ECR irradiated T91

Dislocation density evolution during indentation of Fe and Fe-10%Cr with pre

existing dislocation loops

Comparison of experimental (different dpa ) and MD simulated load vs. depth of

indentation curves

Irradiation done at ECR source - Ar 9+

•2x1015 Ar9+/cm2

•4x1015Ar9+/cm2

•8x1015 Ar9+/cm2

T91 Steel –

Candidate material for

fusion reactors

accelerator driven

spallation neutron

source and

generation IV

reactors

- Collaborative studies with BARC

Depth of indentation (nm)

Dis

location d

ensity (

x10

12

) /m

2

Normalized depth of indentation

Norm

aliz

ed lo

ad

Unloading

Loading

Unloading

Loading

Pure Fe

Fe -10%Cr

Crossover from rare pinning to multiple

pinning with increasing irradiation temperature

New framework to yield the statistics of dislocation pinning at defects

Ref [1]: Void size distribution data : D. Olander, Fundamental Aspects of Nuclear Reactor Fuel

Elements. Springfield, VA, 1976

Pinning statistics for

nanovoids in irradiated type

316-SS at neutron fluence of

6×1022 neutrons/cm2

Application:

We derive a closed-form solution to yield

number of dislocations pinned by defects

(voids, bubbles, precipitates etc.) within a

given size-range

In general, mean value of defect size distribution is considered :

averaging out the original statistics obscures the valuable info

regarding evolution of microstructure in radiation damage studies

New aspects of collective dislocation behavior revealed which are

inaccessible without statistical info

10 20 30 40 5010

10

1011

1012

pinned

void dist.

initial

void dist.[1]

Nu

mb

er

de

ns

ity

(c

m-3)

Void radius (nm)

T= 803K

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

109

1011

1013

1015

pinned void

dist.

initial void

dist.[1]

Nu

mb

er

den

sit

y (

cm

-3)

Void radius (nm)

T= 653K

drdN odrdN o

A. Dutta, M. Bhattacharya & P. Barat, 2014 (submitted)

Structural integrity of material !!

Design and fabrication of

high temperature irradiation flange

Ion Irradiation of nuclear structural materials (emphasizing bcc and fcc

class of materials)

Emulating neutron damage for future high temperature reactors

•VEC (proton, alpha)• DAE Medical Cyclotron

Future Ahead

Study of thermophysicalproperties,

thermodynamicsand kinetics of defects

Quantifications of lattice imperfections

(point defects, dislocations, defect clusters, voids, etc.)

Modeling and Simulation of defect

dynamics

High Energy Nuclear Physics

Detectors for STAR@BNL

11 Large multi-gap RPCs built at

VECC have been dispatched

to U. Texas Austin as part of the

STAR-Muon telescope detector

programme

One module tested OK at

University of Tsinghua, China

202

Multi-Gap Resistive Plate Chamber (MRPC)

for the STAR experiment at BNL-USA

Large MRPC module

(1m x 0.5 m)

11 modules built at VECC dispatched to Univ of Texas for testing and integration

Packing of modulesReady to go

Grid computing centre for ALICE@CERN

• Pledged resources fully implemented at VECC

tier-2 centre

• Tier-2 centre at VECC is working with >100% of

pledged resources, 95% reliability

• Multi-threading implemented to enhance

computing resources

• Expansion for 6x computing power and 10x disk

capacity being planned

KOLKATA TIER-2 CENTRE CONTRIBUTION

Kolkata Tier-2 running satisfactorily and

contributing more than 100% of its pledge to

ALICE, without adding new resources.

204

Kolkata Tier-2 Resources will be increased as

per ALICE resource contribution M&O A rule.

More than 350000 Jobs

Successfully completed

during

last six months

which is 1.75% of

total ALICE job

700 jobs

running for last 6

months.

Number of jobs

increased from

450 to 700 without

adding new

resources.

Enabled hyper-

threading on each

Worker Node

Month Site NamePledged

CPUPledged (HEP Spec06 Hrs) Used Hrs

Used as %ofPledge

April-14 IN-DAE-VECC-02 6000 3,024,000 3,847,468 127%

March-14 IN-DAE-VECC-02 6000 3,124,800 4,503,244 144%

VECC’s Participation in FAIR program

1. Design of superconducting magnets completed, new layout is

being designed

2. Power converter prototype built, contract signed with ECIL

for production

3. Co-ordination of FAIR activities in India

4. Leader of the International team building muon chambers for

CBM experiment at FAIR

5. Technical Design Report (TDR) submitted to FAIR

6. Delivered plenary presentation on “physics at FAIR” at

the Quark Matter 2014 conference at Darmstadt, Germany

31 cm x 31 cm size triple GEM

detector built at VECC

Tested at Juelich-Germany

)

FAIR Power converters prototype built at VECC

Contract signed with ECIL and FAIR production of power converters

Beam Energy Scan at RHIC

Study QCD Phase

Structure

• Signals for onset of sQGP

• Signals for phase boundary

• Signals for critical point

√sNN = 7.7, 11.5, 14.5, 19.6, 27, 39 GeV (Au+Au collisions)

VECC scientists are taking a

major role in the Beam

Energy Scan program for

locating the Critical Point by

using Fluctuation measures:

• Higher moments of conserved quantities

• Charged-Neutral Correlations using PMD and FTPC

Higher moments of Net-charge distributions

e-Print: arXiv:1402.1558 [nucl-ex]

STAR Collaboration Work done at VECC • No non-monotonic behaviour

• Need higher statistics BES-II data

First Time:

LATTICE MEETS

EXPERIMENT:

• Used to determine Freeze-

out parameters by

comparing with Lattice QCD

Calculations:

• Freeze-out temperatures

in the range 135 – 151

MeV

• Baryonic Chemical

potentials in the range

326 – 23 MeV

-0.02 0

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.1

0.12

0.14

10 20

30 40

50 60

ng-ch

ÖáNch ñ áN

g ñ

GEANT+HIJING

HIJING

Data

Mixed

Poisson

¾¾

¾¾

¾¾

PMD-FTPCW

-0.02

-0.01 0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

10 20

30 40

50 60

ng-ch

ÖáNch ñ áN

g ñ

HIJING

GEANT+HIJING

Data

Mixed

Poisson

¾¾

¾¾

¾¾ PM

D-FTPCE

Au+Au 200 GeV

Same side

Awayside

• Deviation from models observed

only in the same acceptance.

• Might indicate dynamical signal is of

localized nature.

Charge-neutral correlation using PMD-FTPC

Comm

on

Cover

age

QGP

Melting of

chiral

condensat

e

Hadron

Gas

Non-zero

chiral

condensat

e

Metastable

domains

Disoriente

d

Chiral

condensat

e

Anomalous pion production

STAR Collaboration Work done at VECC

Inclusive photon production at forward

rapidities in proton-proton collisions at

c.m. energies of 0.9, 2.76 and 7 TeV

ñ g

Ná)

gP

rob

abili

ty P

(N

-310

-210

-110

1ALICE 0.9 TeV

ALICE 2.76 TeV

ALICE 7 TeV

INEL

< 3.9h2.3 <

ñ g

Ná/gz = N0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Ra

tio

0

1

2

3ALICE (2.76 TeV/0.9 TeV)

ALICE (7 TeV/0.9 TeV)

(GeV)s

310 410

510

ñ g

Ná0

5

10

15

20ALICE (pp) NSD

) NSDpUA5 (p

sA + B log

)b

sPower law (a

ALICE (pp) INEL

< 3.9h2.3 <

1.20±A = -6.60

0.17±B = 1.76

0.15±a = 0.78

0.02±b = 0.28

Results from ALICE - PMD

Under Collaboration Review

Work done at VECC

Forward-Backward multiplicity correlations

in proton-proton collisions at c.m. energies

of 0.9, 2.76 and 7 TeV

Paper under Collaboration Review

ALICE Collaboration – work done at VECC

• Increase of correlation with the increase in collision energy

ALICE Upgrade: target LS2 (2018)

• Scope:

• Precision studies of charm, beauty, baryons and charmonia

• Low mass lepton pairs and thermal photons

• Gamma-jet and jet-jet with PID from low pT up to 30 GeV.

• Heavy nuclear states

• Low-transverse momentum observables (flow, fluctuations)

• Not triggerable: Need to examine full statistics

• Operate at high rate (50 kHz compared to present rate of

500 Hz for Pb-Pb)

VECC participation• TPC Upgrade (GEM detectors)

• Common Readout Unit (CRU)

• FoCal (for LS3)

ALICE TPC with GEMs: Tests at VECC

Replace wire

chambers

With GEM

chambers55Fe Spectrum

Various tests of GEM detectors done in the lab.

VECC, Kolkata

INDIA

Wigner RCP,

Budapest, Hungary

CERN

ALICE Common Readout Units (CRU)

• CRU interfaces various

detectors and CTP to DAQ

• Scheme based on up-to-

date FPGA technology

• VECC has major

responsibility for design,

firmware and fabrications

Tests at using

FPGA development

boards

ALICE FoCal: Results of beam testTo be published in NIM-A

Edep (MeV)0 5 10 15 20

AD

C

0

200

400

600

800

1000

MIP Response

0At 2X

0At 3X

0At 4X

(Sum Signal)0

After 2X

(Sum Signal)0

After 3X

(Sum Signal)0

After 4X

Electrons

Pions

Calibration Curve

• Collaboration:

VECC & BARC

• Silicon pad

detectors: Bharat

Electronics

Limited

The proton-proton collision at LHC

Present Understanding• Elementary interaction

• No medium, whatsoever.

The high multiplicity events at the

LHC exhibit features resembling

heavy-ion collisions – collectivity !

Proposal of VECC - Mexico University collaboration on Physics of high-multiplicity pp collisions.

Collectivity in pp collisions is indeed indicated by work from VECC:

J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys. 41 (2014) 035106

In terms of Transverse flow velocity

Transverse radial velocity

Pb+Pb@LHC: Energy Density and Temperature

as a function of time

(2+1)-dimensional event-by-event Hydrodynamic Calculations

e-Print: arXiv:1405.3969

Large bin-to-bin fluctuations in Energy Density and

Temperature at early times

Maps of the Little Bang

through Temperature Fluctuations

e-Print: arXiv:1405.3969

Measuring the Masses of Nuclei

& Neutrinos to Extreme

Precision

TRAP ELECTRODES FABRICATED AT VECC

WORKSHOP with critical tolerance

19 pin Electrical,

Vacuum Feed-

through

tested down to 77K

for several times

successfully.

Planned commissioning by 2015.

Trap electronics tested at 77K.

Cryogenic switches tested at 77K.

Electron Field emission tested at 77K.

Neutrino mass determination by high precision

kinetic energy measurement with Penning Trap.

Connecting with the World at Large

22

50

31

17

11

22Nuclear Theory

Nuclear Expt (HE)

Nuclear Expt (LE)

Mat. Sc.

Accl. Phys.

Others

Journal Publications (2013-14) : 153

Conference Contributions (2013-14) : 106

Sr. No. Constituent

Institution TP APY TC ACP h-Index AIF

IF Range

(JCR 2012)

1. BARC 6978 1395.60 30684 4.40 45 2.11 0.00 - 41.30

2. IGCAR 1741 348.20 4964 2.85 22 1.51 0.00 - 09.74

3. SINP 1572 314.40 10405 6.62 38 3.11 0.00 - 44.98

4. TMC 935 187.00 5002 5.35 27 2.85 0.00 - 51.66

5. RRCAT 827 165.40 2312 2.80 16 1.76 0.00 - 38.60

6. VECC 656 131.20 5576 8.50 36 3.11 0.00 - 38.60

7. IMSc 629 125.80 2403 3.82 23 2.39 0.00 - 44.98

8. IoP 596 119.20 4826 8.10 33 3.33 0.00 - 38.60

9. IPR 521 104.20 1193 2.29 11 1.54 0.00 - 09.74

10. HRI 495 99.00 3480 7.03 26 3.77 0.00 - 22.93

11. NISER-IoP 244 48.80 841 3.45 13 3.72 0.00 - 35.75

Total 15194 3038.80 71686 4.72 - 2.34 -

CI wise summary of publication record for the period 2009-2013

TP=Total Publications; APY=Average Publications per Year; TC=Total Citations; ACP=Average

Citations per Publication; AIF=Average Impact Factor per Publication; JCR=Journal Citations Report

Received from HBNI, Compiled by Dr K. Bhanumurthy (BARC Library)

1. Summer School on Nuclear Fission and Related Phenomena

(May 13-23, 2014).

2. 6th Asian Nuclear Physics Association Symposium (February

19-21, 2014).

3. Workshop on Prevention and Response to Nuclear/

Radiological Emergencies (February 6-7, 2014).

4. International Seminar on Application of Communication and

Information Technology in Library (January 28-30, 2014).

5. Rastriya Vaigyanik Sangosthi (January 8-9, 2014)

6. DAE-BRNS Indian Particle Accelerator Conference 2013

(November 19-23, 2013)

Conferences, Symposia, Workshops, ..

6th Asian Nuclear Physics Association Symposium (ANPhAS) held at VECC during 19-21st February, 2014

The main objectives of ANPhA are:

To strengthen "Collaboration" among Asian nuclear research scientists through promotion of nuclear physics and its transdisciplinary use and applications.

To promote "Education" in Asian nuclear science through mutual exchange and coordination in the Asian nuclear science communities.

To encourage "Coordination" among Asian nuclear scientists by actively utilizing existing research facilities.

To discuss “future planning” of the nuclear science facilities and instrumentation among member countries.

Sponsored by Centre for Nuclear Theory Project

About 100 participants

From 6 different countries:

India, China, Japan, Taiwan,

Australia and Germany

• Key note address (Dr. B.C.

Sinha)

• 34 presentations

• Board meeting

• Panel discussion

Program consisted

of

Celebrating 75th year of the discovery of nuclear fission

VECC celebrated 75 years of discovery of nuclear fission with 38 PhD students and 15 Faculty members from India and abroad.

This is the first summer school sponsored by Centre for Nuclear Theory project at VECC

Student Visits during 2013-2014:

Supreme Knowledge Foundation Group of Institution, Mankundu

Guru Nanak Institute of Technology, Kolkata

St. Anthony's College, Shilong

Lady Brabourne College, Kolkata

Advanced Training Institute, Dasnagar

Raghunathpur Girls High School , Raghunathpur

Ramakrishna Mission Vidyamandir, Belur

Jadavpur University, Kolkata

National Science Day Celebration and Student Visits

Students of Lady Brabourne College

at the cyclotron control room

VECC celebrated National Science Day on February 28, 2014.

The main theme of the celebration for the current year : “Fostering Scientific Temper”.

Whole day program : scientific seminars, quiz and debate competition

Overwhelming participation of students and teachers from various colleges and schools

National Science Day Celebration

Satyendranath Bose Smarak Bigyan-O-Projukti Mela 29-01-2014 to 02-02-2014

at Hedua, Kolkata

National Science Exhibition 21-09-2014 to 25-09-2014

at Belur Vidyamandir Ground, Belur Math, Howrah

Participation of VECC at Science Exhibition

Shri Arup Roy ,

Hon’ble Minster of West Bengal Govt.

visited VECC stall

Students and Teachers from Belur

Vidyamandir, Belur Shilpa Mandir, and

from many other neighbouring Schools

visited the stall

DAE Awards to VECC Groups and Scientists

Dr. Sailajananda Bhattacharya, Head, Physics Group,

(Total 14 persons)

Development of different types of

neutron detectors at VECC

Shri Gautam Pal, Head, Mechanical Engg. Group,

(Total 31 persons)K130 Cyclotron – Improvement of

Vacuum System.

Dr. Alok Chakrabarti, Associate Director (Accelerators),

(Total 24 persons)

R&D activities on production, acceleration

and use of Radioactive Ion beams at VECC

SCIENTIFIC & TECHNICAL EXCELLENCE AWARD

Shri Chinmay Nandi,

ATD (M), Mechanical Engineering Group.

Dr. Sarmishtha Bhattacharyya,

Exp. Nucl. Physics Division, Physics Group.

YOUNG SCIENTIST AWARD

Dr. Jhilam Sadhukhan,

Theoretical Physics Division, Physics Group.

YOUNG ENGINEER AWARD

Shri Jogender Saini,

Experimental High Energy Physics & Applications Group.

GROUP ACHIEVEMENT AWARD

Nuclear Structure Studies with

gamma ray spectroscopy

Electronics for High Energy Physics Experiments

Developing the cryogen delivery system, magnetic field

measuring system, beam transport system for SCC and

designing a large aperture high quality spectrometer

electromagnet.

Theoretical studies on nuclear fission of hot

compound nuclei formed in heavy-ion induced

fusion reactions".

Books by Our Scientists-I

Books by Our Scientists-II

• A Short Course on

Relativistic Heavy

Ion Collisions-

Asish Kumar

Chouddhuri

(Institute of Physics,

London)

Dr. S. S. Kapoor, delivered 8th Raja Ramanna Memorial Lecture

Physical Sciences (Faculty 34)

1. 29 (students) + 14 (scientific officers) are doing Ph. D. now.

2. 8 (students) +3 (officers) have received Ph. D. in physical sciences during the last one year.

3. There are 8 Post-doctoral Fellows.

Engineering Sciences

1. 11 candidates are doing and 12 have completed M. Tech.

2. 14 candidates are doing Ph. D. in Engineering Sciences.

About 170 students from 71 Institutes work(ed) as summer/winter/vacation

interns.

We are in love with our little campus!

Those Days on the Kestopur Canal!

We still see at our Campus!

Call of the City :Jackals of VECC !

A Fascinating Story of Survival and Adoption!

We had quite a few jackals on the campus.

One could hear their call every prahar (they are also called paharua) during

the night.

One could see them playing in the sand during the night shifts.

As the vegetation growth reduced, they could be seen during the day on

week ends, but kept away from people and were chased by dogs.

Then they started developing “friendly” association with our drivers and

technicians who worked in the garage which is in a corner.

Now they are quite “friendly” with the dogs and as the sun starts setting

they come out and run and play in the campus.

Even though there are still quite a few jackals on the campus, they are

rarely heard giving a call.

Look closely at the canine teeth of the

jackal at the back!

Our Green Little Campus…

• Silver Oak

• Magnolia

• Araucaria Cookii

• Mahogany

• Teak

• Amla

• Rudraksha

• Haritika

• Arjuna

• Lychee

• Jacaranda

• Sandalwood, Cordia Sebestina

• Shinshap (sheesham)

• Jamrul, Pride of India (Jarul)

• Champa, Har Shringar, Kamini

• Wild Almonds, Jungle Jalebi

• Bottle Brush

• Sita-Ashok, False Ashok (Devdaru)

• Jumping Palm, Palmyra Palm

• Bel, Jamun, Mango, Guava, Grape Fruit

• Kachanar

Bottle Palm, Coconut Palm, Date Palm

Flame of Forest (Palash)

Bay (Tej Patta)

Jackfruit, Fountain Tree (African Tulip)

• Cherry

• Bakul (Maul Shri), Sapta Parni

• Kadamba

• Gulmohar, Amalatas, Dok Champa

• Poplar, Eucalyptus

• Neem, Drum Sticks

• ………….

And New Beginnings Are Made..

Kailash Temple: Ellora, Took over 100 years to make.

Vibrant Basic Research

Path Breaking Developments

Devoted Employees

Brilliant Students

Societal Awareness

Wide Recognitions

Collaborations Across the World

Sufficient Funds

A Dream Project

Fullest support from DAE

Great Future Ahead…..

What Else Can One Ask for?