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Transcript of Uterine Mayoma
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Chapter I
The Problem and its Background
Introduction
Barangay Santisima Cruz is a community situated near the
public market of Sta. Cruz and Laguna de Bay on the other side. The
person of Sta. Cruz says that a large portion of it was once part of the
Bay. To be able to expand their land they manage to develop a large
portion of the bay and convert it into a land that can be used by the
people. In that way they are able to expand their territory. This
expansion has brought the barangay many advantages and
disadvantages. Some of the advantages that they have are; they can
accommodate more constituents, they attract business to settle their
business, job opportunities for their residents, extra land that can be
use for barangay purposes and for the constituents recreational
activities. Along with the different advantages that they have are the
disadvantages that cause problem to their communities. Some of the
disadvantages that they have encountered are; the growing number of
population, the large volume of garbages that they are producing and
the flood that they experience during rainy seasons.
Over the years that Barangay Santisima Cruz is being exposed to
flood during rainy seasons and up to the present times the Municipal
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Government, Barangay Officials and some concern citizen are
formulating ways on how they could minimize the occurrence of flood
and eventually eliminate it. One of the many causes of flood that they
saw in treating these problems is by educating the people about the
proper ways of waste management through the efforts of their
residents about the different types of waste and the proper ways of
disposing it.
Through the efforts and hard work of the Barangay officials,
concern citizens and the cooperation of the people, Barangay
Santisima Cruz have attained their goal in educating the people about
the different types of waste and the proper waste disposal.
During the typhoon Ondoy that made the province of Sta. Cruz,
Laguna a disaster area. Barangay Santisima Cruz and other nearby
communities have been merged in high levels of flood for a couple of
months. However the community still manages to recover. They have
controlled the growth of vermin carrying diseases, communicable
diseases due to exposure to flood and the volume of waste it was
produced.
We have chosen Barangay Santisima Cruz as to be the subject
community of our study so that we can determine the level of
involvement of the people in community in maintaining a waste free
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community. We would also like to know the different waste
management scheme being practiced by the community. This study
will also determine the involvement of the community on proper waste
management during the time of flood and how do the community
controlled the growth of waste and disease related to flood during the
said calamity.
At the present, as we conducted this study Barangay Santisima
Cruz has fully recovered from the tragedy that they have experience
last October 2009. Streets are free from waste brought by the
typhoon; Households are participating in the Barangay ordinances for
the proper waste management scheme.
Statement of the Problem
This study attempts to identify the community involvement in
waste management scheme of the people of Barangay Santisima Cruz
Sta. Cruz, Laguna.
Specifically, this study attempts to answer the following
questions:
1. What are the common wastes found in the community?
a. Animal Waste
b. Human Waste
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c. Solid Waste
2. What are the barangay ordinances and scheme regarding waste
management?
3. What are the common methods used by the community in waste
management/ disposal?
4. What are the common problems encountered in the community
because of poor waste management?
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Conceptual Framework
FIGURE 1: conceptual framework showing the relationship of variables
in the study Community Involvement on Waste Management Scheme
of Barangay Santisima Cruz Sta. Cruz, Laguna
5
1. The common waste
found in the community
such as:
a. animal waste
b. human waste
c. solid waste
2. The Barangay
ordinances and scheme
regarding waste
management.
3. The common methods
used by the community
in waste management
disposal.
4. The common
problems encountered in
the community because
Interview:
Focusesgroup
discussion on
Assist in the
wastemanagement
skills and
distribution of
Barangay
ordinances.
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The research paradigm shows the relationship among the
variables considered in the study. On the left side of the figure is the
input represented by the following variable: 1. the common waste
found in the community such as animal waste, human waste and solid
waste, 2. the Barangay ordinances and scheme regarding waste
management, 3. the common methods used by the community in
waste management disposal and 4. The common problems
encountered in the community because of poor waste management
scheme.
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Significance of the study
This study aims to find out the community involvement in
the waste management scheme in Barangay Santisima Cruz Sta. Cruz,
Laguna.
We strongly believed that the following personnel may
benefit from this study:
Residents of the Barangay, for they will be the primary beneficiary
of the study. They will acquire different information on how to improve
waste management and will also know their part in the involvement to
improve their waste management and as well as the prevention of
diseases.
Barangay Officials, for they are the once held responsible for
maintaining a well organized environment for their constituents. They
may also find better ways on how to convince their constituents to
participate in waste management scheme that they are implementing
in their barangay.
Other Barangay Officials for they may use this study for them tom
develop a good management scheme in their own barangay. Through
this they may also find ways on how to convince their constituents to
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participate on waste management scheme that they would like to
implement.
The Local Municipal Officers for they can be aware of the problems
that are arising in Barangay Santisima Cruz. They can able to
formulate ways on how to eliminate and prevent the occurrence of
such problems in this barangay as well as the other barangay of Sta.
Cruz, Laguna.
Nursing Students who may have related studies regarding waste
management in their chosen community. This will also serves as a
basis for their study while conducting their community related studies.
The Future Researchers whom this study can provide a basis for
undertaking study of similar in nature. This study would serves as their
reference and that they can add more with regard to the same study.
Scope and Delimitation of the Study
This study is limited to 60 families residing at Barangay
Santisima Cruz Sta. Cruz, Laguna. The variable also includes the
investigation about the common waste found in the community like
animal waste, human waste and solid waste. This study also aims to
find out about the different barangay ordinances, waste management
scheme and methods of waste disposal performed by the residents.
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Proper waste disposal as defined in this study is referred to us as
the reduction of waste materials through sanitary landfill, open
dumping, management of waste to energy, composting and recycling
while reducing its bad effect on the environment.
Animal waste as defined in this study is the animal manure produced
by the different animals that can be found in the community.
Human waste is a term that is used in this study use to identify the
different human body waste such as urine and feces.
Solid waste as used in this study is the different ways found in the
community. It is either bio-degradable or non-biodegradable.
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CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES
RELATED LITERATURE
Foreign
The public community participation (PCP) system is the most
frequently suggested method in managing households' solid waste
problems. However, sustainability of the system cannot be ensured,
because of low voluntary services of the communities, low involvement
of private agencies and inappropriate choice of methods for waste
recycling. The efficiency may be achieved by involving the private
sectors along with community people and by including the provision for
payment of an incentives or any subsidies in exchange of services
rendered.(Chakrabarti et al, 2008)
To have an effective waste management, involvement of all
people at all level of solid waste organizations must become a priority
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for the local government in order to prevent severe environmental
degradation. ( Soleh et al,2007)
These articles are related to the present study because
community involvement or participation on waste management
scheme is very important to ensure the effectiveness of maintaining a
good environment and preventing environmental problems such as
flooding, to occur again in the chosen community. However, it is also
true that possibility of achieving success is by making all people either
from private or public organization be involved.
Accumulation of wastes due to its improper disposal is a major
problem in our country. Every person, on an average generates about
400 to 500 grams of wastes per day. WFD (2006), defined waste as
"any substance or object the holder discards, intends to discard or is
required to discard.
On the other hand, solid waste is broadly defined as including
non-hazardous industrial, commercial and domestic refuse including
household organic trash, street sweepings, hospital and institutional
garbage, and construction wastes. Generally sludge and human waste
are regarded as a liquid waste. (Zerbock, 2003)
In most developed countries, different methods of waste disposal
are used like open dumping, recycling, sanitary landfill, and
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incineration. The large amount of solid waste generated in developed
nations has been generally assumed by municipal governments.
However, in most urban areas, garbage is collected either by a
government agency or private contractor, and this constitutes as a
basic and expected government function in most developing countries.
(Zerbock, 2003)
Waste disposal such as open dumping, recycling ,sanitary landfill
and incineration contributes a lot in managing the waste. No matter
how developed the country is, it is important that waste are managed
very well for the benefit of the people. An appropriate method about
proper waste disposal that is suitable for a certain location should be
implemented to further improve the community.
There are several problems that could be associated with poor
disposal techniques and management. One of these problems could be
the fact that many developing countries and countries with economies
in transition do not have the expertise to manage hazardous wastes in
an environmentally sound manner, and most may not employ proper
technologies. Furthermore, many of these countries may not have a
system and infrastructure to ensure that hazardous wastes are
managed in a manner which will protect human health and the
environment against the adverse effects which may result from such
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wastes. The governments often lack information about the risk they
pose to people and the environment (Basel Convention Paper, 2009).
Poor waste management can result to problems such as flood,
global warming and development of diseases. It is the role of the
government to disseminate information to the public about proper
waste management to eliminate these problems. The public should be
informed about the risk it creates to the people and to the
environment. This way, problems can be solved as long as there is
proper education about waste management.
Thus slight awareness and caution can lead to waste becoming
wealth, refuse becoming reuse and trash becoming cash. Waste
management is not a burden but an opportunity for development.
Local
In our country, solid waste management is embodied in RA 9003
or the Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000. This law
provides the legal framework for the countrys systematic,
comprehensive and ecological solid waste management program that
shall ensure protection of public health and the environment
(Environmental Management Bureau-DENR, 2009).
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Before the enactment of the Clean Air Act, hazardous wastes
such as medical and laboratory wastes are subjected to burning
processes. In 2003, hazardous waste management shifted to landfills
and open dumping as an answer to the banning of burning. Results
indicated that proper waste management is not fully implemented due
to budget constraint (Bernardo, 2008).
The Philippines, at present is interested in incinerators as proven
for waste management, requiring relatively small space. The passage
of the Philippine Clean Air Act Law bans the use of incinerators. The
need for waste management measures gives opportunities for energy
recovery, either from landfills or by the collection of the landfill gas,
from the incineration or through digestion of waste to produce
compost with the production of bio-gas.In this process waste-to-
energy, materials allow the recovery of the valuable energy present in
the wastes to produce heat and electricity. (Jose A. Ordonez II, 2003)
The problem of waste management is a national concern. The
habit of proper disposal of waste has still to be inculcated among the
people especially those inhabiting the fringes of the shores, esteros,
lakes and estuaries.
Community participation is important because it provides the
commitment from the communities themselves. Community
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participation as an approach can eventually provide project
effectiveness, efficiency and empowerment. Although sustainable
community participation and management alone cannot guarantee
success, it can play a vital role in creating both an effective and
efficient water and/or sanitation project. (Dr Mariel Sinel,2006 ).
Last January, the Education Secretary Jesli Lapus said that the
department will boost environmental awareness programs in the
curriculum of elementary and secondary students of public schools this
school year. This is to integrate lessons about pollution prevention,
waste management, and environmental protection. This will encourage
the minds and heart of the students, and through them, their parents
and friends, will know the importance of their duty towards achieving
and maintaining a healthy and balanced ecosystem in Manila Bay and
the entire Philippine archipelago.
RELATED STUDIES
Foreign
Various studies are done about waste management. Clairvair O.
Squires made a research study about Public Participation in Solid
Waste Management in Small Island Developing States, (2006).This
study focused on the participation of people from the Caribbean that
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highlights the role of an effective public participation process on waste
management. The research is based on determining the consistent
application of appropriate public participation plans which may assist in
enhancing the efficiency on waste management. The study
investigated the factors of lacking formal procedures and guidelines for
the public participation and how this contributes to the problem on
Solid Waste Management.
In the present study, the researchers will focus on the residents
of Barangay Santisima Cruz, Sta. Cruz, Laguna, regarding their
community involvement on waste management scheme. The research
will be based on the participation or involvement of the community,
however, the study also focuses on the common problems
encountered and the methods used by the community regarding waste
management scheme. The study will also investigate on the significant
relationship of the level of awareness and involvement of the
community that will be then a basis for an action plan to be
implemented in the community.
Cai et al., (2008) stated that in their study Developmentof a
community-based participatory network for integrated solid waste
management, that the existing waste management practices can
hardly let all key stakeholders be involved in an integrated solid waste
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management system. This results in lack of encouragement for
research centers to develop innovative technologies and enterprises to
improve service quality due to the current institutional framework.
In the current study, the researchers will also find out how the
community integrates in the solid waste management of the residents
of Barangay Santisima Cruz Sta. Cruz, Laguna. Upon determining the
problems that will be encountered an action plan will be made for the
implementation in the said community.
According to the study of Richardson, (2003), Community-
Based Solid Waste Management Systems in Hanoi, Vietnam that solid
waste management is a complex task which depends on the
organization and cooperation between households, communities,
private enterprises and government as it does upon recycling and
disposal. The conventional view is that either private or public
management is the most efficient system, irrespective of the nature of
the resource, or the socioeconomic condition of the people.
In the present study, the researchers will be focusing mainly on
the community of Barangay Santisima Cruz, Sta. Cruz, Laguna and will
try to identify the factors that can affect their involvement on the
waste management scheme.
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Local
Gaac et al., (2008) stated in their study, Solid Waste
Management in the Philippines: A Small Island Experience that due to
urbanization and industrialization across the country, waste
management has become a national issue. The researchers mentioned
that both private and public management should act on maintaining an
efficient waste management regardless of the socio economic
conditions. They said that community involvement is possible as long
as policies implemented are follows.
In the present study, the researcher would like to find out if the
study of Gaac et al. is true. Hence, they want to know if urbanization
and industrialization is a factor that contributes to the community
involvement of residents of Barangay Santisima Cruz, Sta.Cruz,
Laguna. And also, if the policies implemented have an impact on the
people to get them involve in waste management scheme.
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According to the study of Cabatbat, (2003) A breakthrough in
solid waste management through participation and community
mobilization: The experience of Los Baos Laguna the community and
its representatives have a direct interest in waste management, as
residents, service users and tax payers. Communities in the low-
income areas generally receive marginal or no services in terms of
public transport, electricity, drinking water, sanitation, drainage, and
also of waste removal. These communities will sometimes take the
initiative to organize themselves into Community Based Organizations
(CBOs), with the direct goal of self-help and improving their living
conditions.
This study is related with the present study because the study
mainly focuses on communities with low income that organize
themselves to improve their living conditions. These factors are
common to the researchers study. Based on the result of the survey,
common problems will be determined and an action plan will be made
to improve their condition.
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CHAPTER III
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY
RESEARCH DESIGN
A descriptive method of research was used in this study to
gather data the needed to answer the problems stated in Chapter 1.
The descriptive method of research comprises all the studies intended
to impart information about the existing condition which one may wish
to study.
Specifically, the research made use of the descriptive survey
method. This method was used to collect a relatively limited data from
a relatively large number of subjects that have a main purpose on the
description of the phenomena. In order to achieve sufficient survey, a
questionnaire was thoroughly evaluated.
POPULATION AND SAMPLING
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The questionnaire was distributed to 60 residents of Barangay
Santisima Cruz, Sta. Cruz Laguna. Sampling was used in the selection
of the samples.
RESEARCH INSTRUMENT
A questionnaire was considered to obtain answers pertaining to
the community involvement on waste management of the residents of
Barangay Santisima Cruz, Sta. Cruz, Laguna.
The data from the instruments became the basis in identifying
the factors that may or may not affect the community involvement on
waste management of the residents of Barangay Santisima Cruz, Sta.
Cruz, Laguna.
DATA GATHERING PROCEDURES
The researchers made a letter addressed to the Barangay
Chairman of Barangay Santisima Cruz, Sta. Cruz, Laguna before going
into the process of distributing the research instruments. The
questionnaires was prepared in English but then translated to Filipino
for a much better understanding. To ensure cooperation and
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understanding of the items given in the research tools, the researchers
provided a short background on why the study was conducted. The
questionnaires were given personally and the respondents were asked
to answer right away. In some circumstances that the respondents
were busy the questionnaires were given for him /her to answer and
were collected as soon as possible.
STATISTICAL TREATMENT OF DATA
In answering the specific questions in this study, the following
statistical techniques were employed:
1. For all the problems, we used percentage.
The formula is:
P = _f_ x 100
N
Where:
P = percentage
f = frequency of response
N = total no. of respondents
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CHAPTER IV
ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA
This chapter presents the data and information gathered in
response to the statement of the problems stated in Chapter I. They
are analyzed and interpreted.
TABLE 1
The common wastes found in your community`
Kind of Waste Frequency Percentage Ranking
1.1 Animal Waste 58 96.67 2
1.1.1 Dog Feces 47 78.33 1
1.1.2 Cat Feces 6 10 2
1.1.3 Pig Feces 0 0 5
1.1.4 Chicken and Duck 5 8.33 3
1.1.5 Others/ None 2 3.33 4
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1.2. Solid Waste 59 98.33 1
1.2.1 Materials made of
plastic
33 55 1
1.2.2 Materials made of
paper
17 28.33 2
1.2.3 Materials made of
glass
4 6.67 4
1.2.4 Materials made of
tin cans
5 8.33 3
1.2.5 Others/None 1 1.67 5
1.3. Human Waste 45 75 3
1.3.1 Feces 2 3.33 3
1.3.2 Urine 13 21.67 2
1.3.3 Others/None 45 75 1
Table 1 shows that majority of the respondents identified solid
wastes to be the most common waste found in their community with a
percentage of 98.33%. Under the solid wastes, the wastes made of
plastic ranked first with a 55 % rate. In animal wastes, dog feces got a
78.33 % rate and were ranked first. While in Human waste, 75% of
the respondents said that they have no human waste found in the
surrounding of the community.
Cheremisinoff (2003), defined waste as "any substance or object
the holder discards, intends to discard or is required to discard. In the
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Barangay Santisima Cruz, those three kinds of waste listed above are
the most common waste found in the area.
TABLE 2
The barangay ordinances and scheme regarding waste
management
Barangay Ordinances And
Scheme
Frequency Percentage Ranking
2.1 Kind of waste
management scheme
2.1.1 Segregation and
recycling
15 25 2
2.1.2 Composting 2 3.33 3
2.1.3 Open Dumping 0 0 4
2.1.4 Burning 0 0 4
2.1.5 Collected by garbage
collector
60 100 1
2.2 Penalty given
2.2.1 Fine 24 40 2
2.2.2 Render Community
Service
0 0 3
2.2.3 None 36 60 1
2.3 Kind of material used
to stock waste
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2.3.1 Plastic bag or
container
38 63.33 1
2.3.2 Box made of paper 0 0 4
2.3.3 Trash cans 4 6.67 3
2.3.4 Sacks of a rice 18 30 2
2.4 A place for waste to
be collected
2.4.1 Outside my house 43 71.67 1
2.4.2 Just hang it on the
gate
11 18.33 2
2.4.3 In a designated place 2 3.33 4
2.4.4 Anywhere 4 6.67 3
2.5 Schedule of waste
collection
2.5.1 Everyday 2 3.33 4
2.5.2 Twice a week 18 30 2
2.5.3 Three times a week 35 58.33 1
2.5.4 Five Times a week 5 8.33 3
2.5.5 Six Times a week 0 0 5
2.6 Time of garbage
collection
2.6.1 In the morning 45 75 1
2.6.2 In the afternoon 10 16.67 2
2.6.3 Anytime of the day 5 8.33 3
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Table above shows that their garbage is collected and 25% of
the respondents segregate and recycle, while 3.33% do composting.
Most of the respondents do not know if there is any penalty given to
those who do not follow proper waste management in their community
since most of them follow the rules. At the same time, 63.33% of the
respondents used plastic bag or containers to stock their waste that is
to be collected, in the morning, three times a week.
Community participation is important because it provides
the commitment from the communities themselves. Community
participation as an approach can eventually provide project
effectiveness, efficiency and empowerment. Although sustainable
community participation and management alone cannot guarantee
success, it can play a vital role in creating both an effective and
efficient water and/or sanitation project. (Dr Mariel Sinel,2006 )
TABLE 3
The common methods used by the community in waste
management/disposal
Methods of waste
management
Frequency Percentage Ranking
3.1 Segregating 55
3.1.1 Yes 55 91.67 1
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3.1.2 No 5 8.33 2
3.2 Recycling 43
3.2.1 Yes 43 71.67 1
3.2.2 No 17 28.33 2
3.3 Dumping 0
3.3.1 Yes 0 0 2
3.3.2 No 60 100 1
3.4 Composting 2
3.4.1 Yes 2 3.33 2
3.4.2 No 58 96.67 1
3.5 Collected 60
3.5.1 Yes 60 100 1
3.5.2 No 0 0 2
Table 3 shows that collection of garbage is the number 1 method
used in waste management. While 55 of the respondents segregate
and 45 of those recycle.
According to Zerbock (2003), in most urban areas, garbage is
collected either by a government agency or private contractor, and
this constitutes as a basic and expected government function in most
developing countries.
TABLE 4
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The common problems encountered in the community because
of poor waste management.
Common Problems Frequency Percentage Ranking
4.1 Diseases 27 45 1
4.1.1 Amoebiasis 2 7.40 3
4.1.2 Dengue 8 29.63 2
4.1.3 Diarrhea 15 55.56 1
4.1.4 Leptospirosis 0 0 4
4.1.5 Malaria 2 7.40 3
4.1.6 Others 0 0 4
4.2 Pollution 10 16.67 4
4.2.1 Air 1 10 3
4.2.2 Water 2 20 2
4.2.3 Land 7 70 1
4.3 Breeding sites of
insects
18 30 2
4.3.1 Cockroach 2 11.11 4
4.3.2 Flies 6 33.33 1
4.3.3 Mosquito 3 16.67 3
4.3.4 Mouse 3 16.67 3
4.3.5 Others ( Ants) 5 27.78 2
4.5 Flooding 5 8.33 3
4.5.1 Destruction of
establishments/houses
2 40 2
4.5.2 Cause outbreaks of 3 60 1
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diseases
Table 4 shows that 27 of the respondents or 45 %, believed that
diseases are the common problem encountered because of poor waste
management. And only 8.33% said that improper waste disposal will
result to flooding.
According to Ramachandra (2006), Some of the government
often lack information about the risk waste pose to people and to the
environment. Wastes are not managed in a manner which will protect
human health and the environment against the adverse effects. This
proved our findings that the residents of the Barangay Santisima Cruz,
knew the risk it will bring to them when they will manage their waste
improperly. Good governance and a well informed community unites
them to follow such rules related to waste management.
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CHAPTER V
SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS
This chapter states the summary and presents the findings and
conclusions. It also gives series of recommendations were Barangay
Santisima Cruz and other near by barangay of Sta. Cruz, Laguna can
be benefited from.
SUMMARY
This chapter tried to determine the Community Involvement on
Waste Management Scheme of Barangay Santicima Cruz Sta. Cruz
Laguna. The study was conducted through the use of descriptive
survey method comprised of 60 respondents. The residents were given
questionnaires to obtain the needed information.
The data were gathered and collected then they were tabulated,
analyzed, and interpreted. The Percentage was used in order to
answer the following questions below which more raised in Chapter I.
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1. What are the common wastes found in the community?
a. Animal Waste
b. Human Waste
c. Solid Waste
1. What are the barangay ordinances and scheme regarding waste
management?
2. What are the common methods used by the community in waste
management/ disposal?
3. What are the common problems encountered in the community
because of poor waste management?
Significant Findings
Below are the presented significant findings of these research
entitled Community Involvement on Waste Management Scheme of
Barangay Santisima Cruz, Sta. Cruz, Laguna
1.1) The percentage of the common animal waste found in the
community.
1.1.1) Dog Feces
According to the percentage computation dog feces
has the highest percentage which is 78.33% and it rank
fist among the choices. Therefore dog feces are the most
common animal waste that is found in the community.
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1.1.2) Cat Feces
The result of the percentage computation of the
different animal waste that is found in the community, cat
feces got 10%.
1.1.3) Pig Feces
0% among the percentage computation of the
different animal waste that is found in the community is
pig feces therefore there are no pig.
1.1.4) Chicken and Duck Feces
From the percentage computation 8.33% of the
animal of the animal waste that is found in the community
are chicken and duck feces.
1.1.5) Others or None
Among the list of different animal feces 3.33% from
the computation are those animals not listed from the
given choices.
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1.2) The percentage computation of common solid waste found in the
community:
1.2.1) Materials made of Plastic
Since materials made from plastic ranked 1st, it has a
percentage computation of 55% making it the most
abundant solid waste that is found in the community.
1.2.2) Materials made of Paper
The percentage computation of the different solid
waste that is found in the community 28.33% of which are
materials made of paper.
1.2.3) Materials made of Glass
Based from the survey that we have conducted
6.67%of the different solid waste that we have identified
are these materials made of glass.
1.2.4) Materials made of tin cans
As noted by the researchers 8.33% among the
enumerated types of solid waste are those materials made
from tin cans.
1.2.5) Others or None
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1.67 of which are those solid waste not mentioned
from the list.
1.3) Percentage computation of human waste that is found in the
community.
1.3.1) Human Feces
The least common feces that is found in the
community are human feces with a percentage
computation of 3.33%. this percent shows that the
residents from the community are aware of good
sanitation.
1.3.2) Urine
A percentage of 21.67% among the human waste
that we have identified are human urine. A low percentage
of urine found in the community indicates the awareness of
the residents on proper waste management.
1.3.3) Others or None
A high percentage of 75% of which shows that there
are no human waste seen on the community.
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2.1) The percentage computation of the kind of waste management
scheme.
2.1.1) Segregation and Recycling
Segregation and recycling has a percentage
computation of 25% making of the 2nd most used method
of waste management by the residents.
2.1.2) Composting
Based from the percentage computation of 3.33%,
composting is the 3rd known waste management scheme
as use by the residents.
2.1.3) Open Dumping
Among the listed choices of the different methods of
waste management scheme 0% of which is open dumping.
2.1.4) Burning
Also the same as open dumping, burning also got
0% which indicates that no residents of the community is
practicing it as their way of waste management.
2.1.5) Collected by Garbage Collectors
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A 71.67%, the highest percentage distribution
among the methods used by the residence is through the
garbage collectors. This indicates that among the chosen
population management of the residents is aware with this
method of waste management.
2.2) Penalty Given
2.2.1) Fine
Those also will be caught in abiding the barangay
ordinances on waste management scheme 40% of the
residence are aware of the fine as the penalty for these
offenses.
2.2.2) Render Community Service
All of the chosen population says that they do not
know that one of the penalties is finding community
service thats why it gained 0%.
2.2.3) None
60% of the residents says that no/none among the
choices given are the penalty for abiding the law and
ordinances on waste management scheme.
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2.3) The percentage computation of the kind of materials use to keep
the waste.
2.3.1) Plastic or Bag Container
The highest percentage score for the different kind of
materials used to keep their waste is with the use of
plastic or bag container. It has 63.33% as shown in the
percentage distribution.
2.3.2) Box made of Paper
Among the chosen population 0% say that they use
box made of paper as storage of their waste.
2.3.3) Trash Cans
In the computation of the percentage distribution on
the kind of materials use to keep their waste using trash
cans got 6.67%. this shows that there is a low number of
residents who uses trash cans as a storage of their waste.
2.3.4) Sacks of rice
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Being the 2nd most used kind of material as a
container for waste, 30% of the residents says that they
use sacks of rice.
2.4) the percentage computation of the place for waste to be collected
2.4.1) Outside my House
Most of the residents say that they put their waste to
be collected outside their house as evidenced by the percentage
computation of 71.67%.
2.4.2) Just hang it on the gate
Hanging it on the gate is the practice of 18.33%of
the residents as the place for waste to be collected.
2.4.3) In a designated places
Only few among the chosen population which is
3.33% says that they have designated places for waste to
be collected.
2.4.4) Anywhere
A percentage of 3.67 of the chosen population says
that they put their uncollected waste anywhere.
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2.5) The percentage computation of the schedule routine for garbage
collection.
2.5.1) Everyday
Based on 3.33% of the percentage computation says
that their garbage is being collected everyday.
2.5.2) Twice a week
A percentage of 30% among the total chosen
population says that their garbage is being collected twice
a week.
2.5.3) Three times a week
Many among chosen population of 30% says that the
garbage collecting is done three times a week.
2.5.4) Five times a week
According to the percentage computation of the
scheduled routine for garbage collection 8.33% of the
residents says that their garbage is being collected three
times a week.
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2.5.5) Six times a week
None among of the chosen group of people says that
the collection of garbage is done six times a week thats
why it gained 0%.
2.6) The percentage computation of the time of garbage collection.
2.6.1) In the morning
Majority of the surveyed residents says that garbage
collection is done every morning thus it gained 75%.
2.6.2) In the afternoon
Among the said number of surveyed residents says
16.67% says the collection of garbage is done every
afternoon.
2.6.3) Anytime of the Day
The small percentage of 8.33% says that their
garbages collected any time of the day. This indicates that
only few among the residents are not aware of the right
time of collection.
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3) The percentage computation of the common waste management
method that is used by the community:
3.1) Segregating
Most of the interviewed residents which is 91.67%
stated that they do segregate their garbage. On the other
hand an 8.33% of the residents stated that they do not
perform segregation.
3.2) Recycling
71.67% of the interviewed residents mentioned that
they recycled that garbages that can still be used while
28.33 of them say that they do not recycle garbages.
3.3) Dumping
Having a zero percentages, no one among chosen
residents has stated the use of dumping as their way of
waste management.
3.4) Composting
A very low percentage of 3.33% versus 96.6% of the
population are using composting as one of their waste
management scheme.
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3.5) Collected
All of the residents, meaning 100% are participating
in the use of collected garbage as their means of waste
management.
4) The percentage computation of the common problems encountered
by the community because of poor waste management.
4.1) Diseases
Garnering a 45%, which is the highest among four
listed problems encountered by the community, disease
are the most likely to occur if there is a poor waste
management.
4.1.1) Amoebiasis
Amoebiasis with a 7.40% is one of the least to occur
diseases as stated by the residents.
4.1.2) Dengue
Though there is a 29.63% from the total population,
dengue would still be likely to occur if proper waste
management is not implemented.
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4.1.3) Diarrhea
Ranking 1st among the enumerated choices with
55.56%. Diarrhea is the most well known disease that
would occur if there is poor management scheme.
4.1.4) Leptospirosis
Leptospirosis is the least known disease to occur that
is why it has a zero percentage.
4.1.5) Others
Aside from the enumerated disease the residents did
not anymore enumerated other diseases that is why it has
a zero percent.
4.2) Pollution
16.67% of the interviewed residents stated
that pollution will occur if there no proper waste
management scheme.
4.2.1) Air
From the interviewed population 10% of which
are in favor of air pollutions will occur among the
listed pollutants.
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4.2.2) Water
Earning 20%, water pollution as shown in our
survey would likely to occur in communities of poor
waste management.
4.2.3) Land
Land pollution with 70% of the computed
percentage would be the first pollutants to have if
waste are not properly dispose.
4.3) Breeding sites for Insects
One of the common problems that will occur if
garbages are not properly thrown is the growth for
the breeding sites of insects as proved by 30%
rating.
4.3.1) Cockroach
From the identified different kinds of insects,
cockroaches as 11.11% are being the least kind
insect to breed on garbage.
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4.3.2) Flies
Flies are the most common insect to breed on
garbages based from the computation of 33.33%.
4.3.3) Mosquitoes
As stated by the residents 16.67% of which
says that mosquitoes will increase in number if there
is poor waste management in the community.
4.3.4) Mouse
Low percentage of 16.67% says that the
growth of mouse population is due to rubbish
dumping of garbage.
4.3.5) Others (Ants)
Aside from the listed insects 27.78% of the
respondents say that it will also a breeding ground
for ants.
4.4) Flooding
Only 8.33% of our respondents have agreed that flood is
one of the common problems that will arise if there is poor waste
management in their community.
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4.5.1) Destruction of establishment or houses.
The computed percentage of the respondents
who stated that the destruction of their
establishments and houses are common problem
when flood occurs is 40%.
4.5.2) Cause outbreak of disease
A majority of 60% of our respondents has
agreed that the occurrence of flood can cause the
outbreak of disease therefore most of our
respondents are aware of the possible danger to
their health because of floods.
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CONCLUSION
Sub-Problem 1
The Common Waste found in your Community
1.1 Animal Waste
As evidenced by the data that we have gathered
from over respondents pigs are the only animal that is
found in their community. These shows that no residents
of the community is raising pigs for their livelihood. We
also found out that among the common domesticated
animals that we have enumerated dog feces are the most
abundant compared to the feces of cat, chicken and duck.
1.2 Solid Wastes
Based from the different solid waste that has been
identified, majority of our respondent uses materials made
of plastic making it the most abundant solid waste seen in
the community. Most materials made from papers, tin
cans, and glass is mostly recyclable as stated by our
respondents. Only few from the plastic materials are being
recycled thats why this is one of the reasons why there
are a growing number of plastic wastes.
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1.3 Human Waste
As shown in our table there is a high percentage that
no human body waste is found in their community. This is
good indicator that most of residents of the community
have proper sanitation. Therefore, from the statements of
our respondents only human urine is the most common
human waste that is seen in their community.
Sub-Problem 2
The Barangay Ordinances and Scheme regarding Waste
Management
2.1 Kind of Waste Management Scheme
One of the kinds of waste management scheme that
we enumerated is collected by garbage collector and it is
most frequently used according to our respondents.
Burning and open dumping is verbalized by our
respondents is not anymore being practiced in their
community as their way of waste disposal.
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2.2. Penalty given
Most of the residents of the community that we have
interviewed are not aware of the different
penalty/punishment given for those who will be caught in
abiding the law. Although they are not aware, as we have
observed in the community majority of the residents are
participating in the cleanliness of their environment.
2.3. Kind of Materials use to stock waste
The very common materials that the residents of the
community use plastic bags and plastic container as a
means of storing their garbage. They recycled used plastic
bags. This is one way of were the respondents recycled
plastic bags.
2.4. A place for waste to be collected
A place for waste to be collected is the place that we
use to refer where those garbage/segregated garbage are
place before the collector gets them. As verbalized by our
respondents most of them put it outside their homes
assuring that is properly close and dog/cat can loiter their
garbage.
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Sub-Problem 3
The common methods used by the community in waste
management/disposal
3.1. Segregating
Most of our respondents mentioned that they do
segregation because there is a scheduled collection for the
bio-degradable and non-biodegradable waste
management.
3.2. Recycling
Through the verbalization of our respondents we
have concluded that most of term recycling of waste by
selling plastic and tin can materials.
3.3. Dumping
We have concluded that from the gathered
respondents none of them is practicing dumping. Majority
of our respondents are aware of the way of disadvantages
of having a dirty environment. That is they dont want
having that kind of community.
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3.4. Composting
Composting is the least method of waste disposal
that is practiced in a few numbers of communities. Hence,
we have concluded that most of our respondents are not
aware of this kind of waste disposal. On the other hand,
some of our respondents stated that they only have little
waste that can be composted. We also find out that
composting is very seldom being practiced in the
community because they dont have a place where they
can be buried their waste materials.
Sub-Problem 4
The common problems encountered in the community because
of poor waste management scheme.
4.1 Diseases
We have find out that most of our respondents are
afraid of being sick to avoid the occurrence of different
diseases in their community the most common prevention
that they do is to maintain their surroundings clean.
Among the different disease that we have mentioned
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according to our respondents leptospirosis, amoebiasis,
and malaria are less likely to occur. These scenarios based
from the data that have gathered. We also find out that
these 3 diseases do no occur frequently in their
community. Diarrhea being the most likely to occur is also
the most frequent disease that occur in the community as
noted by our respondents.
4.2 Pollution
Based from our study and gathered information, land
pollution is the first type of pollution that will occur if there
is no proper waste management. Aside from that, we have
also concluded that the community we have chosen has a
low rate of land pollution, water pollution and air pollution.
4.3. Breeding ground for insects
As stated by our respondents are have concluded
that flies are the number one insects that grows in number
together with the growing volume of garbage and
cockroach are once less to be seen.
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4.4. Flooding
From the opinions of our respondents they are more
afraid in the spread of diseases during the flood that they
have experienced rather than thinking of the damage it
through their establishments and houses. This instances
greatly show that our respondents plays a great value
towards the health if their family members.
RECOMMENDATIONS
As we conducted our study on community involvement on waste
management scheme of Barangay Santisima Cruz, Santa Cruz,
Laguna. We have formulated the following recommendations for the
benefit of the residents and the community as well.
1. For the Local Government
We suggest that they must conduct seminars for the
different barangay on waste management. They should allocate a
certain amount of funds for the education of proper waste
management.
2. For the barangay officials of Barangay Santisima Cruz
a. They should raise a project in giving importance in the
widening of their drainage systems.
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b. They establish a particular place designated for
waste/garbages that it would be easier for the garbage
collectors to collect garbages especially these places
where garbage truck cannot go in.
c. They should inform the residents about the different
barangay ordinances on waste management through public
hearings and distributions of the ordinances to all
households.
d. They must also encourage their residents to avoid the use
of disposable plastic materials to lessen its amount.
e. It will also be effective if they will assigned trash cans with
color coding for the biodegradable and non-biodegradable
waste.
f. If possible they can put large amount of money for the
penalty for those who will be caught abiding the law.
3. For the Barangay Health Workers
a. For they are the barangay health workers, they should be
the one responsible for making the community aware of
the different health problems that may arise is proper
waste management is not implemented.
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b. They should be closely looking on the possible health
threat that will occur even though their community has a
clean surrounding.
c. Since BHW are knowledgeable on the possible health
threats that may occur, they can also assess on the
different methods of waste management practiced by the
residents that can give harm to the environment for health
of the residents.
4. For the DOH
Since the have the power and funds to launch health
programs on TV, radio, and newspapers, we think that there
is the best time on launching health program where proper
waste management is the topic.