USA Raspberry Industry: Trends Primary Production Areas.
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Transcript of USA Raspberry Industry: Trends Primary Production Areas.
USA Raspberry Industry:
Trends
Primary Production
Areas
2013 US Raspberry Productionmetric tonnes
Washington (frozen) 31,016 California (fresh) est. 44,000 Oregon (frozen) 2,428 All Other (fresh) 1,000USA TOTAL 78,444
metric tonnes = 2,204.6 pounds
Land in Raspberry Productionin hectares
hectare = 2.48 acres
Washington (98% frozen) 4,050 California (95% fresh) 2,100 Oregon (80% frozen) 540 All Other (99% fresh) 350
USA TOTAL 7,040
Growing RegionsProcessed Market
Whatcom County
• Whatcom County • July – Mid August• 66 mil lbs/30,000 mt
• Skagit/Snohomish• Late June – Mid August• 2.2 mil lbs/1,000 mt
• SW Washington• Mid June - August• 3.4 mil lbs/1,545 mt
• Oregon• Mid June - August• 5.0 mil lbs/2,272 mt
Skagit County
SW Washington
Oregon
Machine Harvest
The Northwest is unique…
99% of raspberries going into the processed market are
machine harvested.
Plantings are set up for machine harvest
• Majority of raspberries are planted on raised beds
• 10 foot row spacing with a side wire trellising system
• One machine picks 20-25 acres
• 2-3 day picking rotations (depending on variety)
Trends and Projections
Major Cultivars (based on 2013 plant sales in PNW)
Meeker 41%Wakefield 25% Chemainus 10%Others 17%Fresh Market
Cascade Delight 3%Tulameen 4%
Breeding Program Priority emphases• Winter hardiness• Processing canning/freezing• Root rot tolerance• Machine harvesting• Fresh market• Virus tolerance
Raspberry Breeding Goals
Flavor, Firmness, Size, Color
High yield RBDV resistant Root Rot tolerant Machine harvestable Aphid resistant Fruit rot resistant Winter hardy
Selection Evaluation
Evaluate two years after planting Evaluate all fruiting seedlings at least
once a week Select ≈ 1% of seedlings
Plant selections with cooperating grower Evaluate as harvested year 6/7 Discard 80-90% Then, test for yield, disease resistance, fruit quality and in
grower trials
Machine harvest evaluation
Plant Sale Trend by Variety
Total Raspberry Plant Sales
2012-13 PNW Raspberry Plant Sales
Meeker 1967 WSU release
Willamette remained the dominant cultivar until replaced by Meeker in late 1980s – early 1990s. Was 70% of plantings, now 42% Meeker
lighter coloredExcellent flavor More productiveLong fruiting lateralsMachine harvesters improved to accommodate longer laterals
Wakefield 2008 Plant and Food Research, Ltd, NZ
Plant and Food Research, Ltd
• Tested in NZ in 1996-98 and in Washington in 2009-10
• High yield• High percentage of
IQF fruit• Recent release, but
appears to be durable plant.
Chemainus• 2003 Agriculture and
Agri-Food Canada release
• Mid season• Excellent fruit quality• Large• Very good yield
Rudi2009 Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada release • Early season• Medium size• Machine harvests
well• Good yield• For processing
Tulameen1989 Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada release • Very large fruit• Excellent fresh
flavor• Long, late
season
Santa Maria May - Nov
Watsonville May – Nov
Oxnard Year Round
Main Fresh Raspberry Growing Areas
• Roughly 2,000 acres are planted for fresh market each year
• 75 fresh market growers in the state (estimate)
• Top Varieties1. Driscolls proprietary varieties2. Plant Sciences proprietary varieties3. NaturRipe proprietary varieties4. Public Varieties (very little)
California Fresh Raspberry Production
• Commercial plantings usually stay in ground for 2 – 3 years, usually achieving between 2 – 4 harvest cycles
• Average price to grower over past few years is $2.45/lb.
• 5% – 10% of fresh production ends up in processed market
California Fresh Raspberry Production
US Fresh Berry Consumption
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10111213141516171819202122232425262728293031323334353637383940414243444546474849505152Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
0
1,000,000
2,000,000
3,000,000
4,000,000
5,000,000
6,000,000
7,000,000
2011 Industry 2011 CA
2011 California Volume vs. Industry Volume (lbs)
(source: USDA)
$1.15$1.65
$1.19$0.86
$1.21
$4.12
$2.16$1.71
$1.31
$4.59 $4.61 $4.39$4.74
$6.35$6.62 $6.39
$5.45 $5.35
$0.00
$1.00
$2.00
$3.00
$4.00
$5.00
$6.00
$7.00
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Frozen
Fresh
Raspberry Price to GrowersUS $/kg.
Trends and Projections
• Cost of Production• Avg. $1.25 per kg. for processed raspberries• IQF quality increases costs
• Processing Plants in PNW• 10 IQF plants – 2 new in 2011• 18 Block Frozen • 4 Juice Concentrators
Ongoing Challenges
• New cultivar development• Pest management tools
– International maximum residue limits (mrl)– Buffers for endangered species protection– Spotted wing drosophila
• New product development leading to increased demand
• Increased grower acceptance of Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) – food safety, traceability
• Labor Supply
Thank you for your attention! We look forward to another productive IRO meeting!