US History Ch 12.2
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Transcript of US History Ch 12.2
U.S. History
Chapter 12: A New National IdentitySection 2: Expansion & Improvement
The Missouri Compromise
•1819: Missouri seeks admission as a slave state
•11 free/11 slaves states
The Missouri Compromise
• Northern free states controlled House of Representatives due to greater population
Old House Chamber
The Missouri Compromise
•New slave state would give Southern slave states a majority in the Senate Old Senate Chamber
The Missouri Compromise
• Northern representatives in House pass legislative amendment admitting Missouri with restrictions on slavery:
– Banned importation of slaves
– Children of slaves became free at age 25
The Missouri Compromise
•Senate rejects amendment
•Henry Clay fosters a compromise
Henry Clay
The Missouri Compromise
• Missouri Compromise
– Missouri enters Union as a slave state
– Maine enters Union as a free state
– Slavery prohibited in new territories or states north of 36º 30’ latitude
Internal Improvements
• Henry Clay believed the key to avoiding regional conflicts was to link the country together with a national economy
Henry Clay
Internal Improvements
•American System—plan for using high tariffs to fund internal improvements
Internal Improvements
•Purpose of taxes:
–Keep Americans from buying foreign goods
– Improve roads & canals to better connect the country
New Roads & Canals
• Cumberland Road
– Built 1815-18
– Ran from Maryland to present-day West Virginia
– Panic of 1819 halted construction
Mile Marker from Cumberland Road
New Roads & Canals
• National Road: extended portion on the Cumberland Road that stretched to Illinois
New Roads & Canals
• Erie Canal: ran from Buffalo to Albany
New Roads & Canals
• Cost NY tax payers $7 million
New Roads & Canals
• Started a canal building boom
Election of 1824
John Quincy Adams
Secretary of State
Andrew Jackson
U.S. Senator (Tennessee)
vs.
Election of 1824
•Jackson wins popular vote
•No majority winner in Electoral College
•House of Representatives to choose winner
Election of 1824
• Speaker of the House Henry Clay backed Adams
• House chooses Adams as president
John Quincy Adams
Election of 1824
• Adams appoints Clay secretary of state
• Jackson supporters claim “corrupt bargain”
Henry Clay
Election of 1824
•Unpopular in south
•Weak support for goals
John Quincy Adams