US History Ch 19.1

25
U.S. History Chapter 19: The Civil War Section 1: The War Begins

Transcript of US History Ch 19.1

Page 1: US History Ch 19.1

U.S. History

Chapter 19: The Civil WarSection 1: The War Begins

Page 2: US History Ch 19.1
Page 3: US History Ch 19.1

Lincoln Faces a Crisis

• Seven states had seceded prior to Lincoln’s inauguration

Page 4: US History Ch 19.1

“In your hands, my dissatisfied fellow countrymen, and not in mine, is the momentous issue of civil war. The government will not assail you. You can have no conflict, without being yourselves the aggressors. You have no oath registered in Heaven to destroy the government, while I shall have ht most solemn on to ‘preserve, protect and defend’ it.”

—Abraham Lincoln

First Inaugural Address

Page 5: US History Ch 19.1

Lincoln Faces a Crisis

• Ft. Sumter—on of the most important federal outposts in the South

Page 6: US History Ch 19.1

Lincoln Faces a Crisis

• Ft. Sumter controlled entrance to Charleston Harbor

Page 7: US History Ch 19.1

Lincoln Faces a Crisis

•March 1861: fort running low on supplies

•Lincoln orders resupply of fort

•South Carolina orders surrender

Page 8: US History Ch 19.1

Lincoln Faces a Crisis

•Robert Anderson: Union commander who refused to leave Fort Sumter

Robert Anderson

Page 9: US History Ch 19.1

Lincoln Faces a Crisis

•Pierre Beauregard: Confederate commander at Fort Sumter

Pierre Beauregard

Page 10: US History Ch 19.1

Lincoln Faces a Crisis

• April 12, 1861: Confederates open fire on Ft. Sumter

Page 11: US History Ch 19.1
Page 12: US History Ch 19.1

Lincoln Faces a Crisis

• Anderson surrenders after 34 hour bombardment

Page 13: US History Ch 19.1

Choosing Sides

• North Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, & Arkansas secede

Page 14: US History Ch 19.1

Choosing Sides

• Border States—four slave states of strategic importance to both the North & South

• Supported the Union

Page 15: US History Ch 19.1

The Volunteer Spirit

• Union army had only 16,000 troops

• Lincoln calls for 75,000 volunteers

• Families divided

Page 16: US History Ch 19.1

The Volunteer Spirit

•Mary Todd Lincoln: had four brothers fight for the Confederacy

Mary Todd Lincoln

Page 17: US History Ch 19.1

The Volunteer Spirit

•Elizabeth Blackwell: first woman to receive a license to practice medicine

Elizabeth Blackwell

Page 18: US History Ch 19.1

The North vs. the South

•Union advantages

–Larger population

–More factories & shipyards

–Railways

–Better able to raise money

Page 19: US History Ch 19.1

The North vs. the South

•Confederate advantages:

–Military tradition

–Defensive war

Page 20: US History Ch 19.1

The North vs. the South

•Union strategy:

–Naval blockade

–Control Mississippi

Page 21: US History Ch 19.1
Page 22: US History Ch 19.1

Winfield Scott

Page 23: US History Ch 19.1

The North vs. the South

•Southern strategy

–Defend territory and “wear down” Union

–Attack Washington, D.C.

–Cotton diplomacy

Page 24: US History Ch 19.1

The North vs. the South

•Cotton diplomacy—used by the south to try and gain foreign support

Page 25: US History Ch 19.1

North South

Slave states that joined

Advantages

Disadvantages

Strategies