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![Page 1: U.S. Agency for International Development The Futures Group International Research Triangle Institute The Centre for Development and Population Activities.](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061306/551475365503462d4e8b6270/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
U.S. Agency for International DevelopmentU.S. Agency for International Development
The Futures Group InternationalThe Futures Group International
Research Triangle InstituteResearch Triangle Institute
The Centre for Development and Population ActivitiesThe Centre for Development and Population Activities
POL CYI
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Human Rights areHuman Rights are……
those freedoms and entitlements invested in each person at birth
which are universal and inalienable
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1948: Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1966: Int’l Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
1966: Int’l Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights
1979: Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women
International Human Rights
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“Where, after all, do universal human rights begin? In small places, close to home—close and so small they can not be seen on any maps of the world. Yet they are the world of the individual person; the neighborhood he lives in; the school or college he attends; the factory, farm or office where he works. Such are the places where every man, woman and child seek equal justice, equal opportunity, equal dignity without discrimination. Unless these rights have meaning there, they have little meaning anywhere. Without concerned citizen action to uphold them close to home, we shall look in vain for progress in the larger world.”
Eleanor Roosevelt
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Traditional Public Health Response
Human Rights
PublicHealth
conflicting
An example….
Tuberculosis
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Public Health
Human Rights
An Expanded Response…
social
diagnosislegal
political
treatmentcare prev
ention
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Why Human Rights in HIV/AIDS?Why Human Rights in HIV/AIDS?
Human RightsViolations
Vulnerability
HIV/AIDS
Vulnerability
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Priority TopicsPriority Topics
1. Stigma
2. Information
3. Testing
4. Gender
5. Employment
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The Right to Non-Discrimination and The Right to Non-Discrimination and Equality before the Law protects people from...Equality before the Law protects people from...
• Ostracism
• Alienation
• Shame
• Violence
Stigma
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Stigma
Photo: South African Sunday Times
Stigma
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Stigma
Multi facetedApproach
Youth targeted
Top level support of prevention & control efforts
AwarenessRaising
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The Right to Freedom of Expression and The Right to Freedom of Expression and Information entitles people to…...Information entitles people to…...
• HIV/AIDS Information
• Means of prevention
• Information about treatment
Information
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Information
Photo: Harvey Nelson
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26
76
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80%
Aw
aren
ess
39
60
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
AwarenessUp
CondomUse Up
Information
% knowledge of condom
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The Right to Privacy and The Right to Privacy and Security of Person entitles people Security of Person entitles people
to...to...
• Confidentiality
• Voluntary testing
Testing
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Testing
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Anonymous, friendly services =
increased tests
Testing
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The Right to Non-Discrimination and The Right to Non-Discrimination and Equality before the Law entitlesEquality before the Law entitles womenwomen to…to…
Equal access to information
Control over their reproductive health
Freedom from violence and exploitation
Gender
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Gender
Photo: Harvey Nelson
Need new photo
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Gender
1992 1998
90
30
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
% c
ondo
m u
se
5
50
0
10
20
30
40
50
Calcutta Bombay
Condom Use Up
Prevalence Down
% p
reva
len
ce
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• Secure employment
The Right to Work and Just Conditions of The Right to Work and Just Conditions of Work entitles people to…Work entitles people to…
• Receive equal benefits
...Regardless of HIV status
• Maintain employment
Employment
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Employment
Photos: Johns Hopkins CCP/Photoshare
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EmploymentPrevention Program Components:
Information & Education
Condom Distribution
Care & Support
Assistant with Treatment
AIDS Cases :
1995: 3.69 per 10,000
1996: 2.53 per 10,000
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HIV/AIDS
ProtectHuman Rights
Vulnerability
Vulnerability
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What can What can youyou do?do?
NGO Level
Subnational Level
National Level
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What can What can youyou do?do?
Advocate for changes in lawIdentify/Document/Report ViolationsMake complaints to HR CommissionsOffer Direct Legal Services
National Level
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Mass Media CampaignsSensitize local leadersInclude PLWHIV/AIDSSupport HIV/AIDS NGOs
What can What can youyou do?do?
Sub national Level
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What can What can youyou do?do?
Promote Legal ServicesLink legal & HR ServicesRaise Community Awareness Promote VCT at community level
NGO Level
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Sample Assessment QuestionsSample Assessment Questions(national level)(national level)
• Is country a party to international human rights conventions protecting persons with HIV/AIDS?
• What laws implement human rights conventions? • What are the current human rights issues in your country
related to HIV/AIDS?
• What is current HIV/AIDS agenda in national human rights commission?
• Are human rights violations reported to international human rights bodies?