Urmet Energy s.r.l. NEW GENERATION CENTRAL … · NEW GENERATION CENTRAL HEATING, HEATING INDEPEND-...

Urmet Energy s.r.l.

NEW GENERATION CENTRAL HEATING, HEATING INDEPEND-ENCE AND METERING OF SINGLE HOUSING UNITS RATIONAL USE OF ENERGY AND CONSUMPTION CONTROL IN CENTRALLY HEATED HOUSING BLOCKS WITH CENTRAL HEATING OR SERVED BY DISTRICT HEATING

2

IPerThermo_EN rev4.docx

Summary

1. PREAMBLE .................................................................................................................................................. 2

2. SOLUTION TO BE ADOPTED ........................................................................................................................ 3

3. THE SYSTEM ................................................................................................................................................ 4

Integrated ...................................................................................................................................................... 4

Modular ......................................................................................................................................................... 5

Universal ........................................................................................................................................................ 6

4. MAIN CHARACTERISTICS AND SYSTEM PERFORMANCE ............................................................................ 6

Independent heating zones ........................................................................................................................... 6

Production of heating energy ........................................................................................................................ 6

Measuring comfort and actual consumtion .................................................................................................. 6

Data transmission and recording functions .................................................................................................. 7

5. MAIN SYSTEM UNITS .................................................................................................................................. 7

6. SYSTEM FUNCTIONS ................................................................................................................................... 9

7. HARDWARE COMPOSITION ...................................................................................................................... 10

8. INTERFACE SOFTWARE WITH THE SYSTEM .............................................................................................. 12

9. WIRELESS SOLUTION ................................................................................................................................ 13

Characteristic of the wireless system .......................................................................................................... 14

The wireless network capacities are: .......................................................................................................... 14

WB868 bridge .............................................................................................................................................. 15

WNA Electro-actuator ................................................................................................................................. 15

WCT Chrono-thermostat ............................................................................................................................. 16

WSA ambient sensor ................................................................................................................................... 16

1. PREAMBLE

The European Parliament law 2010/31/UE of 19th May 2010 regarding energy performance in construction affirms

that in the European Union buildings are accountable for 40% of global energy consumption. The sector is expanding

and this will result in a further increase in energy consumption.

Technical solutions must be applied that lead to a rational use of energy capable of giving concrete answers to the

policy of controlling consumption, maintaining or even improving the level of user comfort.

The optimisation of production processes, distribution and thermal energy conservation maximises efficiency

according to the service provided. Performance represents an important element in conserving energy and is one of

the factors on which most technical and technological solutions are focused. This approach, fundamental on a

scientific level, doesn’t take into account the final utilisation of energy which is the most important aspect.

3


A more effective and careful management of heating used by consumers and generated by the central boiler allows

the thermal energy to be reduced and optimised significantly.

This solution allows the recuperation of interventions that have been carried out to improve system performance,

certify the comfort enjoyed but above all provide an exceptional instrument that encourages responsible behaviour on

the part of the user who controls thermal energy which would otherwise go unused.

This objective is reached due to systems that allow:

Each resident with a single central heating system to have a heating timer programme and a personalised

(comfort level) temperature;

Uninhabited residences, also occasionally, to maintain the temperature under the comfort level for all the

time in which the premises are not in use;

The ambient temperatures to be regulated at comfort levels selected by the user;

The right consideration to be made when regulating heating for alternative sources of heat in the residence

(sunshine, presence of people, occasional domestic appliances etc.) by automatically and independently

reducing request for energy from the heating system;

Historic recording of temperatures inside each single housing unit for every day of the year permitting the

attestation of results achieved. Other than temperature, the variations in consumption meters are recorded

referring to periods of interest in such a way that savings made by the user can be evaluated immediately;

The availability of graphic diagrams, apart from metering data, providing the user with an immediate

summary and a direct comparison between the requirements expressed and results achieved.

2. SOLUTION TO BE ADOPTED

The dominant market logic, which foresees the regulation only of energy production referred to temperatures taken

outside, that is climatic heat regulation, is independent of future use of the energy produced. This logic must be

abandoned in favour of systems that can maximise comfort and minimise consumption on the base of the actual living

requirements of each user.

Different types of building exist, (hotels, schools, blocks of flats, shopping or office complexes, rest homes, hospitals

etc.) but to simplify, reference here is made to blocks of flats (where the metering of consumption must be consid-

ered) with a central heating system or provided with district heating; the production (transformation) of heating en-

ergy is unique to each building while the consumption (use) is individual, therefore altogether different because it

depends on the style of life of each resident with varying heating requirements.

Individual requirements are expressed through heating times and temperature levels.

The problem to be solved is how to produce always and only the energy that is requested.

Logically, the consumption of heating energy (use) has a prevailing significance on the production (transformation).

The production of heating energy can be considered correct only if carried out as a direct consequence of require-

ments.

This statement highlights the necessity to identify technology that can be used to make the production of heating en-

ergy correspond to the necessities of single users.

As mentioned above and required by current regulations, the technical interventions to be made are:

Reading and continuous survey of ambient or zone temperature (knowledge);

4


Global management of data collected from the building (optimised adaptive control);

Production of the necessary energy according to the expressed requirements (optimisation of production

according to actual needs);

Command of the interception and regulation devices both on a central level and in each single zone of

heating autonomy (application);

Recording and metering both on a central level and each single zone of independent heating of parameters

that determine the consumption requested compared to virtuous actions on the part of the user.

This approach guarantees achievement of significant energy saving that in the applications have allowed 10% to 35%

of historic consumption to be recuperated assessed on the base of day degrees and heating energy provided as a

consequence of:

1. Systematic recognition of the factor of dissimilar energy utilisation of residents which brings about smaller

heated volumes, less structure heating and less dispersion towards the exterior;

2. Control and balance of the heat supply to all programmed parts of the building with consequent avoidance of

overheating that 50% of the building (favoured part) which until today has been necessary in order to

guarantee a level of comfort to the other 50% (unfavoured part);

3. Less supply of heat to those residents who are not interested in all the hours supplied by the timer

programme as in the case of climatic heat regulation even with a central clock;

4. Recuperation of 100% of the energy introduced into the buildings by sources outside of the controlled system

like for example sunshine, the presence of people, domestic appliances etc.

Indirectly, the costs of remote management become superfluous as corrective manual interventions and operations

regarding the regulation the central heating system will no longer be necessary. This remote management activity is

often technically impossible to carry out in “real time” and so the heat comfort conditions are raised indiscriminately

on an average level instead of managing zone by zone in order to avoid a disservice towards the users.

It is evident that if a unit (or a group of units that correspond to a zone) behave in a different way as regards heating,

zone by zone regulation will balance the heating in the building.

It must be realised that the pre-set climatic curves are limiting and are an error in the control if the selected curve (K)

is inappropriate for the characteristics of a system, depending on outside weather conditions. This problem is

definitively overcome by the adaptive direct control system, applied zone by zone.

3. THE SYSTEM

Urmet Energy is involved in the problems of ambient comfort and has concentrated on making integrated products as

unique and original concrete solutions to such problems.

INTEGRATED

All the primary functions:

thermoregulation,

programming,

metering,

signalling of anomalies and warnings,

setting/programming both on site and by remote,

remote monitoring of the system and users

5


are managed in an integrated way considering all the aspects of measurement, regulation and control, diagnostics,

metering and documentation.

MODULAR

The system is suitable for requirements of buildings to be controlled in a scalable way. The necessities of the system

and the users are satisfied by adding modules and/or devices also in phases after installation.

With IperThermo ® it is possible to have:

timer programming of comfort periods, saving, antifreeze and personal for every zone with independent

heating;

setting of the comfort temperature, saving and antifreeze for each period;

setting and display of the temperature and zone programming by means of the “programmable thermostat”

function managed directly by the user;

central clock with management of the conditions of antifreeze, anti-mould, inactive valve block;

remote management of supervision functions and management of single users (web interface);

management of routine and preventive maintenance functions with automatic signalling of both

programmed events and conditions of alert;

survey and automatic management of anomaly conditions signalled to the remote service stations;

management of service orders (function to be implemented end 2011);

remote management of the zone temperature for each single user through GSM/SMS;

metering in order to share out heating expenses, totals and for each zone of independent heating expressed

in kWh and/or in Degree Days (CONSIP);

display through web interface of temperature graphs, data and control parameters and consumption meters;

personalised invoicing managed directly by the house manager;

6


UNIVERSAL

Can be applied to any heating system:

risers;

zone, etc.;

and heat distribution:

radiator,

fan coil unit,

convector,

panel,

floor,

air vent (with metering limitations)

4. MAIN CHARACTERISTICS AND SYSTEM PERFORMANCE

INDEPENDENT HEATING ZONES

The application of IperThermo® allows the building to be divided up into different independently heated units.

For each zone the system manages air-conditioning and temperature timer programmes and independent

consumption metering.

For each zone self-tuning functions are automatically and independently managed which search out parameters that

allow consumption to be maximised (advanced switch on/off, dysfunctional behaviour, lack of heating capacity etc.)

PRODUCTION OF HEATING ENERGY

IperThermo® allows the production of heating energy to be optimised by supplying in kWh the requirements of active

users instantaneously. This allows the central heating system to operate at the power actually necessary, utilising

production apparatus more efficiently with smooth management of the temperature of the heat transfer fluid

according to levels of power actually requested.

In substance, the heat production system referring to the entire building is abandoned, thereby accomplishing the

limitations set out in paragraph 12 of section 5 of the Italian Decree Law 412/93 integrated in the Italian Decree Law

551/99, which sets out that air-conditioning is to be sectioned in relation to the occupation conditions of the rooms.

To each zone, the heating supplied is consistent with the specific temperature requested. Furthermore, all other heat

sources, wanted or otherwise, are taken into account (sunshine, orientation, presence of people, other occasional

sources etc.).

MEASURING COMFORT AND ACTUAL CONSUMTION

In order to allocate heating expenses (section 26/5 of Italian L. 10/91), IperThermo® expresses the measure of comfort

in degree days (CONSIP) and consumption in equivalent kWh.

For this purpose, the system continuously measures the difference between the temperature detected by the zone

sensor and the temperature detected by the sensor outside the building, thus identifying the measurement of

comfort enjoyed in every zone expressed in real degree days. The contemporary calculation of consumption

expressed in equivalent kWh, according to heat emitted by the heating elements, allows a compensated evaluation of

the actual heat supplied to each zone.

7


Billing will sub-divide the total system cost according to metered values based on the above mentioned totals, zone by

zone and therefore user by user.

DATA TRANSMISSION AND RECORDING FUNCTIONS

IperThermo® allows both on-site and remote operation. In particular, all functions which regard the obligations of the

third responsible party are available such as:

Temperature values, state and working order of pumps and burners, control of the opening and closing of

peripheral electric actuators;

Individual programming for independent zone air-conditioning;

Data survey for metering;

Keeping system data and past metering (at least two years);

Monitoring of the working hours of each element connected to the system; warnings can be given based on

set thresholds in order to activate preventive maintenance.

The data and parameter memorisation function is always active in the system to allow the recuperation of data also

after the passing of time (two years after the current season) relating to events and acquired values.

IperThermo® supplies various graphic and numeric reports in order to document and discuss metering and

consumption data of users and the system. Such information is practical and useful for judging the efficiency of the

building/central heating system on the basis of objective data.

5. MAIN SYSTEM UNITS

CEMI

The system central unit CEMI (Integrated Elaboration and Measuring Centre) carries out the functions of acquisition,

elaboration, control and warning, optimizing the parameters of heat regulation. Through Gateway, it controls the

acquisition, interface and actuation devices installed inside the building. Other than control and regulation functions,

the CEMI also performs management functions of historic data relative to all acquired parameters and data in

particular the historic management of data for metering consumption.

The remote management of the entire system and sending of warnings and signals to the technical assistance service

centre are all possible through the external modem module PSTN, ADSL, GSM/GPRS or UMTS.

The management of 5400 independent heating zones and the memorisation of associated historic data is possible for

more than two seasons.

8


The system encloses the pro-active synthesis of decades of experience in managing heating systems, in which refined algorithms represent a discrete but at the same time advanced technological system with unlimited development po-tential thanks to the hierarchical and modular management of the internal logic functions.

9


GATEWAY

Interface module of the CEMI unit . Connections:

3 expansion lines LS-NET/RS485;

2 inputs of measuring temperature and for metering;

2 analogical inputs 0-10V (usable as inputs for warnings, pump speeds, sensor pressure etc.);

2 analogical outputs 0-10V (usable for setting pump speed, control of external devices);

2 O.C. outputs (open collectors for piloting external 12Vdc relays);

1 connection to the CEMI (specific USB device).

Other functions:

LCD colour graphic display with 5 keys for visualising state and three warning LED’s.

6. SYSTEM FUNCTIONS

Management of the perpetual calendar.

Management of automatic change Solar Time/Daylight Saving Time.

Recording access to the system and to single functions.

Historic recording of requested variations.

Perpetual weekly programming.

Management of 250 Typical Days freely configurable over 8 daily time bands, usable for all timer

programmes.

Management of 16 Climatic Periods configurable on an annual calendar in Summer or Winter mode with the

possibility of associating different sets of temperatures according to the period.

Management of the Set Points Comfort, Saving, Limits, Personal, used as a base reference for the specific

adjustments relative to each climatic period.

Management of Daily Programming, on an annual calendar, of Typical Days for every single day and single

zone.

10


Management of Manual Programming carried out by the user by means of Chrono-thermostat or Vario-

thermostat, with priority on Daily Programming.

User option to increase or decrease set temperatures diversified for each independent heating zone.

Possibility to disable the variations of parameters on the chrono-thermostat and make regulation completely

by means of the CEMI.

Management of the Personal temperature setting in the creation of typical days and freely configurable

according to the user’s requirements.

7. HARDWARE COMPOSITION

The system is composed of the following modules:

CEMI. Module of acquisition and control into which the management algorithms are inserted.

Gateway. Module of protocol conversion and adaptation permitting the connection of external modules

and/or interfaces (ex. ADC, WB868 etc.) to the CEMI.

WB868 bridge. 2-way interface module between the devices in LS-NET cabled network and the wireless

peripheral devices. It collects and transmits data of the devices connected via radio and converts into LS-NET.

Chrono-thermostat. Module which allows the user to visualise/modify settings. Wireless and cabled versions

available.

Vario-thermostat. The module which allows the user to vary the temperature setting (only cabled version

available).

Ambient temperature sensor. A module which allows the temperature to be detected in a specific room. Can

be connected by cable or wireless.

ADC modules. These are the interface modules between the GATEWAY module and the field (sensors,

actuators etc.).

Actuator. The module which activates the opening/closure of the needle valves on the heating element. The

connection can be cabled or wireless.

External sensor. Allows the outside temperature to be detected. Cabled or wireless version.

Contact and immersion sensors. These are sensors which measure the temperature of the heat transfer fluid.

Figure 1 Power supply system diagram

11


Figure 2 LS-NET system diagram

DP – Peripheral devices

ADC – Analogical (temperature) to digital (LS-NET) signal converters to be used in a cabled system.

12


8. INTERFACE SOFTWARE WITH THE SYSTEM

Two specialised interfaces are foreseen for the system for remote management (web) and for maintenance

(maintainer).

Web: this is the system management software designed to be simple and immediately comprehensible using the

interface through internet/intranet browser.

Web allows to:

Set system data

Manage users with list of numbers for enabled SMS

Create/modify typical days (timer programming)

Create/modify typical weeks (models of weekly programmes that can be set)

Programme times and temperatures for each user

Visualise/set zone parameters

Visualise information on set, acquired parameters and the state of each independently heated zone

Visualise real time and historic graphs

Visualise meter values

Obtain help on-line

Select/set the language .

Maintainer: system creation software and assignment of devices that make up the system as well as control of correct

installation. Designed for the configuration of the system and of installed apparatus.

Maintainer allows to:

Create new systems

Configure interface and expansion modules

Configure measuring sensors in the heating system and external reference sensors

Configure users for the purpose of accounting

Configure operation periods

Obtain help on-line.

Furthermore, it is used for interventions for replacement/integration of system devices.

13


9. WIRELESS SOLUTION

14


The connection of the modules inside the building is cabled using BUS LS-NET which connects and powers the WBR868

radio signal conversion modules. This guarantees a low energy radio signal cover in a secure and bidirectional way

using peripheral devices. Il BUS LS-NET uses coded and channelled digital signals to transfer information between the

CEMI, (using the Gateway interface) and the devices installed in independently heated zones managed in proximity

through WB868 guaranteeing secure connections. The WB868 module is installed near the zone to be controlled, for

example on the landing in front of the apartment entrances where one or more independently heated zones are

configured. The connection to the peripheral devices (DP) inside the independently heated zones is wireless, therefore

without need for cabling. The wireless protocol, developed specifically for this type of application guarantees reliability

and safety powered by batteries.

The configuration operations are mostly automated, except for the logic associations between DP and zone which are

carried out with a specific configuration programme.

Battery life is estimated at over three seasons, slightly less for the actuators depending on the number of

opening/closure cycles requested by the zone temperature controller.

Each independently heated zone is created with at least one temperature sensor and one wireless actuator for every

heating element concerned. One flat can be subdivided into several independent heating zones. Generally, such

subdivision is limited to the day zone and the night zone for larger flats where it makes common sense to separate the

two zones. This subdivision can be extended or reduced as in the case of smaller flats in which a single zone gives

satisfactory results.

CHARACTERISTIC OF THE WIRELESS SYSTEM

The technical solution uses the best technology available on the market in order to create a wireless network in

radiofrequency on European bidirectional 868 MHz ISM band in compliance with norms:

Compliance IMC: ETSI 301489-V1.8.1 and ETSI EN 301 489-3 V1.4.1

Compliance ETSI: EN 300-220-2 V2.3.1

Safety: EN 61010-1:2006 and EN62311:2008

The components of the system were specifically designed in the following range:

WB868 cabled network LS-NET PLUS to wireless network (Weconet) converter device, powered directly by the

cabled network WCT user wireless interface which permits the user to change his/her own comfort settings

in the controlled zone with internal temperature sensor. Battery powered

WSA temperature sensor powered by battery

WNA wireless bidirectional valve powered by battery

All devices are controlled by the CEMI/Gateway through the WB868 converters.

THE WIRELESS NETWORK CAPACITIES ARE:

Capacity to address up to 30000 devices and management capacity up to 14.000 peripheral devices

connected in network without degradation of the system performance;

At least three years operating autonomy of the battery powered sensors;

15


Autonomy of the WNA actuators of 30000 ON/OFF cycles.

Implementation of techniques that increase the communication system reliability in the presence of obstacles,

variations in the placement of objects which reflect/absorb radio signals, narrowband signal interference (for ex,

microwave oven, remote controls etc.).

Propriety Weconet communication protocol with detection and correction of wireless communication errors

and the state of the peripheral devices, addressing with automatic assignment of the identification number

into the network, automatic search of the best course of the bridge with most visibility, diagnostics of

remote communications. WIRELESS DEVICES

WB868 BRIDGE

LS-NET PLUS cabled network to Weconet wireless network converter guarantees a secure local cover of wireless

devices over many zones of independent heating.

Automatic management of bidirectional wireless connections and of errors, with remote diagnostics through LS-NET

network.

3 led’s indicating operating state on the front panel.

WNA ELECTRO-ACTUATOR

Manages each single heating element through the direct command of standard thermostat valves available on the

market.

The bidirectional wireless connection allows safe control of activation and precise diagnostics of state, making it

suitable not only for regulating zone temperature but also for metering functions.

A manual valve opening/closing command key is provided for use in the case of lack of battery power.

Diagnostic led for state of the device.

Button for controlling the state protected against accidental activation.

16


WCT CHRONO-THERMOSTAT

For selecting daily programming (typical days) and automatic, manual and daily choice functions.

Transmission of the ambient temperature measured by internal sensor, modification of the set temperature (offset),

timing of functions with automatic restoration of programming at period end (absence management, off-hour timing

etc.), visualisation of meters, indication of the state of associated valves, indication of ambient temperature,

visualisation of the perpetual clock with the time provided directly by the control system, visualisation of the

programming timing bands, indication of the battery state, complete remote diagnostics thanks to bidirectional

wireless connection. Possibility of remote on/off (override).

The WCT is recommended in the zones where the user could require the maximum flexibility of management allowed

by the system.

WSA AMBIENT SENSOR

Allows the central regulation system (CEMI) to acquire the ambient temperature.

The timer programming of the zones associated to this type of sensor is directly programmed on the central

management system (CEMI). Use is recommended in zones where regulation and/or metering is requested without

the necessity for local programming interventions on the part of the user.

Led indication of the operating state.

Urmet Energy s.r.l. NEW GENERATION CENTRAL … · NEW GENERATION CENTRAL HEATING, HEATING INDEPEND-...

Documents

Transcript of Urmet Energy s.r.l. NEW GENERATION CENTRAL … · NEW GENERATION CENTRAL HEATING, HEATING INDEPEND-...