UPSC Main 2013 General Studies Paper 4 Ethics (...

General Studies Paper IV (Ethics) 2013

UPSC Civil Service Mains Exam 2013 (5 Dec 2013)

TO7 : cftÿT Wt 3rfTOW 37ÿ : 250

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GENERAL STUDIES (PAPER-IV)

Time Allowed : Three Hours Maximum Marks : 250

QUESTION PAPER SPECIFIC INSTRUCTIONS

(Please read each of the following instructions carefully before attempting questions)

There are FOURTEEN questions divided in two Sections and printed both in HINDI andin ENGLISH.

All questions are compulsory.

The number of marks carried by a question/part is indicated against it.

Answers must be written in the medium authorized in the Admission Certificate whichmust be stated clearly on the cover of this Question-cum-Answer (QCA) Booklet in thespace provided. No marks will be given for answers written in medium other than theauthorized one.

Word limit in questions, wherever specified, should be adhered to.

Any page or portion of the page left blank in the Question-cum-Answer Booklet must beclearly struck off.

P.T.O.



$ ftRRg TO tffaT 3 q I 3rR fÿ-ÿ 9TC tfTOT 3 StflRfi 11

Answer questions in NOT MORE than the word limit specified for eachin the parenthesis. Content of the answer is more important than its length.

W—A / SECTION—A

1. 3 ÿfdct>dl3Tf' ÿ 3Rq W I? ÿSTCcTT % RTO ÿfcRI *TT #TI JF9TR

|? (i50 9T«i)What do you understand by Values' and 'ethics? Inwhat way is it important to beethical along with being professionally competent? ( 150 words) 10

2. (a) ÿ 3 fin 9t«3 3 3tn tot ?? (250 9T«0What do you understand by the following terms in the context of publicservice? (250 words) 3*5=15

(i) / Integrity

(ii) / Perseverance

(iii) ÿT-ÿrra / Spirit of service

(iu) 3lfcra<£cTT / Commitment(v) RTOTjtf / Courage of conviction

(b) 3Tÿ yi f*R» 3TN $37 % fdk, t> I 37ÿ 3tR 3ÿ1ÿcm

(100 9R3)

Indicate two more attributes which you consider important for public service.Justify your answer. ( 100 words) 10

•j

3. f*S TTPRI| WW 3fk | 3R3 f faÿctoÿNch 9TT9ÿd 11 W 3 3TTR 3FPft tROT cfa 33T3RI (J50 9T«0

Some people feel that values keep changing with time and situation, while othersstrongly believe that there are certain universal and eternal human values. Give

your perception in this regard with due justification. (i50 words) 10

4. '*iicticH<t> yÿicii' to slcii t 3fit vfW 3 fatn ychK fa*n fam ÿrfe f39fa 3$

3fas fafa 33 3 ÿ Ft?n |? (J50 sra)What is 'emotional intelligence' and how can it be developed in people? How does it

help an individual in taking ethical decisions? ( 150 words) 10

5. (a) '3fcT:cfitui ÿ 3TRTÿ' 3 3TN ÿTT ?? 3TFT ÿ3 3TcT: ÿ 3TT9T5T Tt tqn 33 % fax* %3cftR ÿ |? (i50 9Tÿ)

What do you understand by the term Voice of conscience? How do you prepareyourself to heed to the voice of conscience? (150 words) 10

(b) 4fc<c|ctJ <?»T 3 cfrMI 3ffÿ3TR 3iM-) >af)cH ÿ<+1 Md-11 3TF73>T X*3 xfaz P RRHI

J37T 3fk 3TF73 37RFT RXTOTZ %3 faÿTTI (i50 9Tÿ)

What is meant by 'crisis of conscience? Narrate one incident inyour life whenyou were faced with such a crisis and how you resolved the same. (J50 words) 10

2 WSU5W3CU ntiA-rmm* m -



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6. cffa % 3TcROT ÿ f%7 TTÿ 11 3TTR% f%T* Rc%F RR **<flTR xM4W |,W2 :Given below are three quotations of great moral thinkers/philosophers. For each ofthese quotations, bring out what it means to you in the present context :

(a) RX ÿ %t M |RX f%xft % % fcR Rÿfl"

—Re?7rR7 nmf ( J50 5Tÿ)

"There is enough on this earth for every one's need but for no one's greed."—Mahatma Gandhi (150 words)

(b) "eTWT XPft cTTt RR WI RR XTRR* ? RX f%xft % RR RftRR R*RT %, eft 3ÿ

$Tf%/3lftlRRX ÿ —3mÿJ frftR ( 150

"Nearly all men can withstand adversity, but if you want to test a man'scharacter, give him power."—Abraham Lincoln ( 150 words)

(C) "RTÿ ÿ ÿÿ 3T%3T 3 writ RR RRR RRÿ RTÿ %t 3lfacF XlTÿXft RTRRT j£|"—37ÿ ( 150 RT«R)"I count him braver who overcomes his desires than him who overcomes hisenemies."—Aristotle (150 words)

7. "XFff?R 3 $ RR for |l" 3TTR ÿ ROT 3 RRT % 3? *ftRR 3 ÿ fxÿSRT RR

%X* RTcTR f%RT XTRRTT $? (i50 RT«0"The good of an individual is contained in the good of all." What do youunderstand by this statement? How can this principle be implemented inpublic life? ( 150 words) 10

8. RTR: R* RÿT ÿTcTT |f% 'iM-fifd' 3f|X ÿftcbdl' XTTR-XTTR ÿ I W 5 3TTRRR WT TTcT %?3TRÿ 3tTX RR, 3<l*X>jfi XT%R, 3T1UR RcTTÿRI (150 WZ)It is often said that 'politics' and 'ethics' do not go together. What is your opinion inthis regard? Justify your answer with illustrations. (J50 words) 10

ÿ5-B / Section—B

fHHfdfÿd R f%X RR ywfi %t Rf%R sfa 3XT% RTR R# RR % 3RX <ftf%R :

Inthe following questions, carefully study the cases presented and then answer the questionsthat follow :

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X* ÿ Rÿf $ I ?R 3 3FR RÿNtA >fl XTÿRFft $ I XJRRT W ÿ3X1% flÿT 3X1% 3RJ

fM % 31J5TTXTf%R <*>l4cll$ ÿ XTÿf) fÿTXÿ ÿ ÿft ximf%cf 11 X£RT 31ÿ3 3 ÿ R 3TTf%ÿ ?TT

XJÿTT 3ÿTÿy ÿXTÿ 'qx %g f% fo?T XRJcft 11

PIO fRPRTX ÿ ÿcioÿPlB oÿRt> ÿ RXÿ f4Rlg fÿTXT% XTÿÿT 3 RTI 3TT%R f%H rP7T Meld

Rÿeli I ÿ 3TTR% MIXi Xfetl? % (eiÿ ÿ I

1%ÿ ? I 3Tr4ÿ ftcFeR % 3T1XXR RX :

10

10

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3



A Public Information Officer has received an application under RTI Act. Havinggathered the information, the PIO discovers that the information pertains to some ofthe decisions taken by him, which were found to be not altogether right. There were

other employees also who were party to these decisions. Disclosure of theinformation is likely to lead to disciplinary action with possibility of punishmentagainst him as well as some of his colleagues. Non-disclosure or part disclosure orcamouflaged disclosure of information will result into lesser punishment or nopunishment.

The PIO is otherwise an honest and conscientious person but this particulardecision, on which the RTI application has been filed, turned out to be wrong. He

comes to you for advice.

The following are some suggested options. Please evaluate the merits and demeritsof each of the options :

(i) PIO w Wt ÿ 37ÿ ÿ8 37pTOfl 37T*& FvTTS % foq ÿ % 37-JSK*1ÿ1$ 3 qjfolT WkT 3 ~£\\The PIO could refer the matter to his superior officer and seek his advice andact strictly in accordance with the advice, even though he is not completely inagreement with the advice of the superior.

(ii) PIO ÿ -qx ÿÿ 3fK wt (cbwfew *}) IT ÿ •?! IpTCT ÿ

M PIO 3Ft ÿSfHPfTCI ÿ I

The PIO could proceed on leave and leave the matter to be dealt by hissuccessor inoffice or request for transfer of the application to another PIO.

(iii) PIO ÿ 3hh4) qt 3*7% JHTra q* h-h ÿ*7 qffq 3tk ÿ

f%*l$ ÿ *TT 3*7%) q* *ftfoq q 37Tq q* *7TO TgFU eft q* f%*TT%\

The PIO could weigh the consequences of disclosing the information truthfully,

including the effect on his career, and reply in a manner that would not placehim or his career injeopardy, but at the same time a little compromise can bemade on the contents of the information.

(iv) PIO 3q uÿPUil, qft ÿ Wi ÿ $ qtrof 37ft 3q%) % 373*ÿ7

The PIO could consult his other colleagues who are party to the decision and

take action as per their advice.

arftcipf ÿq $ qqtfa q gq 3nq #f%q zfa 3*7% 3f%q

ÿcTTÿqi (250ÿ)Also please indicate (without necessarily restricting to the above options) what you

would like to advise, giving proper reasons. (250 words) 20



J

10. 3TN qfro % ftftui fÿTR ft 37tomft 3lfwi ÿ R cÿR ? 3fo ÿTR 4 TJcfi WM JvT(flyover) % % 9Rft 11 3TN% 3?sffa ÿ c?£te 3rfftftcTI f, *ft SlfdRn Mq-TO% MoT% 3tK<*|4) ? TOT 3TRcfft ftcTRT ftft f 3ft 3TR fWT % WZJJfl, gÿ 3rfftmT cfft frft€ ftft g 1 fftrfur-cFrftipf iftft «fft ÿ 3ft chfts 3rftqai ÿT ft ÿTj? cRft 1? ft PinTul-ÿTRf MRchcÿ-il % kPlSÿn %3T5ÿq ÿ gI 3ftÿ 3TNÿ 3*qft 37Tÿfÿ fiftSRT ft ft5 ftfttt fcWWHldl$ 3 ÿfM R|, *ft 3Rftlÿ<*>ig«K g?T ÿ gtSTT *fft TOlftr ?R TOcft f I fH RTC Hÿ ÿfftft ÿft <£ ft cRÿI ftrfa-cRft 3ftpRHI 3ft 3faTCT «HHI #TI fttfft ftftvJR 3ft ftfÿld Rfft *Wt 3ft wf-wft ft ftdÿi ft) #TT I $3 ft*TTft Jf"W ftl % «fcKul mIVk 3T Rh!«I 5fty ÿJJT % fcR. *Mdi 33 dSI <dld 11 *T3 3TN ftsrfcf gi§33TRT<TcTT % ftÿlM ft cllÿ, eft cRftft 3Tqft ftftcfiigsR Rÿft 3)3 3 HM«h< J?ft iftftd33ft ftft tldis

<0 I 3ÿtft *ftÿRT 3ftTOTftgjT3*ftft<i33ft3ft3ft) 3ÿ % ftg 3>ST I 3I3J 3TI3 3TTÿT f ft 3*R*ft S3OT g ftft) 3RR eft gj$T7 3*TTfftr ft TOcft |3ft ÿft ftn 3ft 3*TTT qftÿ *n TOR I

ftf) fpffft ft 3TFft 3ÿft % (dÿ fdcfccÿ R*Hldf?ad t> Iÿrft ft Mc3*> 33 gÿT-tita % 333R 3ÿ g$ft3Rÿ 3itlo: ÿft 3TR ÿTT ÿpfolTÿt «h<Hl xj|jft 3Tk ÿft I (250 9Tÿ)

You are working as an Executive Engineer in the construction cell of a MunicipalCorporation and are presently in-charge of the construction of a flyover. There aretwo Junior Engineers under you who have the responsibility of day-to-dayinspection of the site and are reporting to you, while you are finally reporting to theChief Engineer who heads the cell. While the construction is heading towardscompletion, the Junior Engineers have been regularly reporting that allconstruction is taking place as per design specifications. However, in one of yoursurprise inspections, you have noticed some serious deviations and lacunae which,in your opinion, are likely to affect the safety of the flyover. Rectification of theselacunae at this stage would require a substantial amount of demolition and reworkwhich will cause a tangible loss to the contractor and will also delay completion.There is a lot of public pressure on the Corporation to get this constructioncompleted because of heavy traffic congestion in the area. When you brought thismatter to the notice of the Chief Engineer, he advised you that in his opinion it isnot a very serious lapse and may be ignored. He advised for further expediting theproject for completion in time. However, you are convinced that this was a seriousmatter which might affect public safety and should not be left unaddressed.

What will you do in such a situation? Some of the options are given below. Evaluatethe merits and demerits of each of these options and finally suggest what course ofaction you would like to take, giving reasons. (250 words) 20

(i) HFfR 3ttft ÿ *ngi

Follow the advice of the Chief Engineer and go ahead.

(iij ÿ efft ftsflft gg ÿ ftÿcl fftftf 3ÿRT TO g?§q3rfwr ft ftftcT 3rftn cfr ftferMake an exhaustive report of the situation bringing out all facts and analysisalong with your own viewpoints stated clearly and seek for written orders fromthe Chief Engineer.



(iii) 3?f%praT3Tt $ wsfl<wi 3?h %ÿ3tc ÿ srafa it <jfa-ft3Kw % 3rfor §i

Call for explanation from the Junior Engineers and issue orders to thecontractor for necessary correction within targeted time.

(iv) ÿ electa 33TR ÿ 3rftqai % dP<8 I

Highlight the issue so that it reaches superiors above the Chief Engineer.

(V) rfTO% 3TTO fcTRK cfrt WTH 3 ÿ qM*HT 3 3}q} 3TlfeÿTT 41hi(1 ÿ sjjft Rt ÿIIUj

Considering the rigid attitude of the Chief Engineer, seek transfer from theproject or report sick.

11. dfacHIg 3 TCKm 3fR McTTÿfi % % fÿr qfag $ |

3Tfyÿi?Td: -qZMT 33W ÿ 11 ÿ fjfa cR 3TTÿfe fefRR t 3fft 3R *<R

*1$T H«1I<3I 4ul'lÿ .<3d<H|et> visD'H % (clÿ «Hd RÿhI 3R TTFT t, 3T?rtfÿfcl ÿJ!dH (ILO) ÿ ÿÿÿTcTR 3TT5-ÿRT 18 \ m<\ 3 ÿ 3TIÿ-ÿftRT 14 ÿ 11

Wdl<sil % 3?|si)P|cfc qJt RsftÿRT craT 3iM>af)<£>cl ÿ ÿPnI *5 d'fTÿd fÿRTT *Tl HÿRfT ÿ IÿRt RT 3RÿlRr1

3TTtnft?Tÿ3R%3RTÿÿf 3Tÿ I orient fÿÿTdÿ3Tqÿ WT-foffl 3 RRfPtRfi3 3R ?l 3Id HMchl $ «Rÿ % fvTR 3Tÿ3> 3RTÿ 'ERt *R 3RtJlftcT «hl4 <*<1lcf) ? 3fft <3isfl

ÿxhrmM11ÿÿ 3RÿÿcnRff WTÿf ÿeff ÿ dRTcl IfÿRTÿ

Hlfd<fc1ÿ 37ftJÿ> cTTV ftcldl 11

3TFTÿ 3 RcR cR ÿfa] fo>«4i, 14 ÿ4ÿ 3R? 3TTÿ % vRPRT 10-15WTvRR <+>IH cÿ<cl f? I3H3R

Hlfel'+i mIUk 3 ÿHldl ÿ I 3TNÿt «ldlcll % ft> ÿT-3TTÿlRc1 5ÿl|ÿ ÿ ?I

3TN ?{%ÿ4lfd4> f Iÿ 4 3TN ÿf fe37k «lld<t» RcfWÿRÿ; ÿ fe-a ÿR RRI

Sivakasi in Tamil Nadu is known for its manufacturing clusters on firecrackers andmatches. The local economy of the area is largely dependent on firecrackersindustry. It has led to tangible economic development and improved standard ofliving in the area.

So far as child labour norms for hazardous industries like firecrackers industry areconcerned, International Labour Organization (ILO) has set the minimum age as

18 years. In India, however, this age is 14 years.

The units in industrial clusters of firecrackers can be classified into registered andnon-registered entities. One typical unit is household-based work. Though the lawis clear on the use of child labour employment norms in registered/non-registeredunits, it does not include household-based works. Household-based work means

children working under the supervision of their parents/relatives. To evade child

labour norms, several units project themselves as household-based works butemploy children from outside. Needless to say that employing children saves thecosts for these units leading to higher profits to the owners.

1 qyft m4)ÿci/3iH4)'ÿci $<t>i§41 3Tei fkrnR % fcÿra ÿ

6 |j U.kJlllMI

J



On your visit to one of the units at Sivakasi, the owner takes you around the unitwhich has about 10-15 children below 14 years of age. The owner tells you that inhis household-based unit, the children are all his relatives. You notice that severalchildren smirk, when the owner tells you this. On deeper enquiry, you figure outthat neither the owner nor the children are able to satisfactorily establish theirrelationship with each other.

(a) w 44OT 3 ft44 RT2 3frt oTO4T

Bring out and discuss the ethical issues involved in the above case.

(b) ÿ4 4ft ÿ 4R <RT yfdfsMI (300 5TR)

What would be your reaction after your above visit? (300 words) 25

12. 3TN % TJcfi JRJR d*-fl<£l 4*4R % 3RZRI ? | % 44 % ;444 ÿ 3TNÿ 3RZT$RT ft4T4llcd>K *5del 44 3TT4ftR 5TT4 die) ? I 414TTc44t ft ftd H6e) 344% 4R? t*4> ÿig

3Tf44>lO % Id41 <n(dd 44 44d 344T ÿ (4*13 3TT4ft 3rf> 44 % folM. 34 3}ftjct>|fl % xrÿ % 45ift ddd 4><-) 3}ft§n *iidl ÿ I Pi41 ÿFdd 4|! ftt ddlcl t? f% 344% % 34t£ftc£ldHul % fefÿ 4gcT

ft elPdcl ftdid 37JÿR % yKiidl 44 3ÿi $IR ft ftidcfl 3rfi<<*>i0 gRT ÿcflÿPi %t ÿl41 ÿ I ft344%) MWIcil 4ft 3ÿftl4d 4RTft 44 3434744 ftft f IYou are heading a leading technical institute of the country. The institute isplanning to convene an interview panel shortly under your chairmanship forselection of the post of professors. A few days before the interview, you get a callfrom the Personal Secretary (PS) of a senior government functionary seeking yourintervention in favour of the selection of a close relative of the functionary for thispost. The PS also informs you that he is aware of the long pending and urgentproposals of your institute for grant of funds for modernization, which are awaitingthe functionary's approval. He assures you that he would get these proposalscleared.

(a) 344% TO 447-44T ft4>c4 34cR*7 |?

What are the options available to you?

(b) fft44R 44 *Je4T4R %tf%4 3}ft 4c4ÿ f% 344 %)4-4T ftcfccM ÿftft 3}ft <f*ft I (250 3TR)

Evaluate each of these options and choose the option which you would adopt,giving reasons. (250 words) 20

13. f44ftTO4ft 37ftl44ft ÿ)ft % Tift, ÿ ÿÿ ;4tfÿ

44 H6ÿ1ui *J44T %) 344%) -iHcÿid ||ÿ fftufcft % >rr xrft fftiftur 3%)4 4t ÿ4Tftt 44T4 43 444)

11 4ft 444 ftirftT3fi %) 4# 4? *H444<) foetal, <ftft34ft4ftRm33I 44ft 11 ftftcTTsft ft ftft4T |ftRft 74447 % ftrc; 34?*ft ÿ4447 44 44%) 444 f%4T|3*ft 43 344% 37T44 4ftB 3fttR4ft 44

ftftg |f4-4tt 344%) 3rfi 7J44T 44 34 %) 3RIfcf 4*ft % 4%cT ft) ft4T |l

As a senior officer in the Finance Ministry, you have access to some confidential andcrucial information about policy decisions that the Government is about toannounce. These decisions are likely to have far-reaching impact on the housing andconstruction industry. If the builders have access to this information beforehand,

7



they can make huge profits. One of the builders has done a lot of quality work forthe Government and is known to be close to your immediate superior, who asks youto disclose this information to the said builder.

(a) 37N% W W-W ftcbcM 3<7ÿ7 f?What are the options available to you?

(b) qn iÿicM SRTlÿR 3TF7 ÿR-RT 3R% 37RUT ÿRTTÿRI

(250 *IS5)

Evaluate each of these options and choose the option which you would adopt,giving reasons. (250 words) 20

14. 3TR "OTCcft Rÿ T$l dch-f)cO % cÿlJchlO |# RRK 3 TP7 "3R7 11

% RRcfi «Fclf,sR-%*? Sft A f IRÿ erfÿ 37cRTÿ 3 ÿ ÿ3feTT|3?fc ep> "3ÿ cpf 3WftclfeTT|, 37N Rafael RTfclR <*R

11 RRg3TfWt #cft3Rfen % TTfcT 3R% ,fÿtÿR R* 3RRRT Izÿfopnÿÿ

3TRcI ÿRT ftvl %I ÿrfcffefi el?ÿ% 3RT RcR*f}, forf T7fe?rrf *ft ÿPrÿRT f,ÿ ftRftcT 337Rÿ SMS f I

R37 ft* ÿSTTH A % cRT R<RRI X 37TR% TO |RgclRÿTTR 1,37k tft A % RcRT

$<l"eKul RlÿWd ch<rfl t, rft 3R% "sricf STÿTÿfkf y«1N RITÿ f 37k 37trf R7S7 ij3ÿ% 37ÿMÿTt> ÿR ÿ *M?\cb<ÿ ÿ "ÿ21 cfÿ ÿ % I

R? R%R7 37RRT oMHIMÿ ÿR RRRfcR 3 Reft RTcft tlYou are the Executive Director of an upcomingInfotechCompany which is making a

name for itself in the market.

Mr. A, who is a star performer, is heading the marketing team. Ina short period ofone year, he has helped in doubling the revenues as well as creating a high brandequity for the Company so much so that you are thinking of promoting him.However, you have been receiving information from many corners about his attitudetowards the female colleagues; particularly his habit of making loose comments on

women. In addition, he regularly sends indecent SMS's to all the team membersincluding his female colleagues.

One day, late inthe evening, Mrs. X, who is one of Mr. A's team members, comes to

you visibly disturbed. She complains against the continued misconduct of Mr. A,who has been making undesirable advances towards her and has even tried to

touch her inappropriately in his cabin.

She tenders her resignation and leaves your office.

(a) 37TR% RR7 W-W ftRxR 3ReR*7 I?What are the options available to you?

(b) fcRRR R7T ReTOH <£)RlR RR ftRI fcjÿcH Rft 37717 7ÿ1c) f, 377 % RTRÿT

cftftRI (250Evaluate each of these options and choose the option you would adopt, giving

reasons. (250 words) 20

UPSC Main 2013 General Studies Paper 4 Ethics (...

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