Unsolved problems in freight transport - climbing the three mountaintops of real-time data
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Transcript of Unsolved problems in freight transport - climbing the three mountaintops of real-time data
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CC-BY PER OLOF ARNÄS
UNSOLVED PROBLEMS IN FREIGHT TRANSPORTCLIMBING THE THREE MOUNTAINTOPS OF REAL-TIME DATA
Per Olof Arnäs Chalmers University of Technology @Dr_PO [email protected] about.me/perolofarnas Slides: slideshare.net/poar
En la cima! by Alejandro Juárez on Flickr (CC-BY)
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Northern LEAD Logistics Research Centre
Founded by: Chalmers University of Technology
University of Gothenburg Logistics and Transport Society LTS
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Tomorrow’s logistics. We are finding the answers.
Around 70 researchersResearch centre for sustainable logistics
solutionsFive core research
groups Organises, facilitates, disseminates highly
relevant logistics researchCollaboration between
Chalmers and University of Gothenburg
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Physical Distribution
Production Logistics
Industrial marketing & purchasing
Logistics & Transport
Optimization
Professors 10 Visiting Professors 6 Associate Professors 5 Post docs 6 Faculty 14 PhD students 32 Total 73
Five core research groups
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Thought leadership through
high quality research and
innovation
Challenges and trends
Outcomes for policy and business
Volatility and risk
Demographic changes
Complexity and structural flexibility
Resource limitations
Manufacturing and retail revolution
Environmental impact
Focused areas
Urban Transport
Long Distance Transport
Purchasing of transport
Logistics and Production Networks
Information, planning and
control
Measurements and measuring
Service development in
networks
Resource utilisation
Intermodality
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Per Olof Arnäs
The Transportindustry
3 things:
Carbon-free transport by Stéfan on Flickr
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…physical
3d boxes by crystaljingsr on Flickr
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Technology Management and Economics Logis4kcs and Transporta4onCC-‐BY Per Olof Arnäs
…public
Traffic Jam by Giorgio Minguzzi on Flickr
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Technology Management and Economics Logis4kcs and Transporta4onCC-‐BY Per Olof Arnäs
…analogue
542 miles by Jason on Flickr
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Per Olof Arnäs Stage Coach Wheel by arbyreed on Flickr
Development of transportation technology has been
fairly linear
…for the last 5500 years
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We are in the middle of a gigantic exponential development curve
beginning
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A new global eco system where new types of, knowledge based, industries
compete with traditional ones
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http://bryce.vc/post/18404303850/the-problem-with-innovation
Startups don’t compete with airlines...
by purchasing a bunch of planeshiring a bunch of pilots
and locking up a bunch of terminals at airports.
Miniature Airport by disparkys on Flickr
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Startups compete with airlines by
inventing videoconferencing.
http://bryce.vc/post/18404303850/the-problem-with-innovation
Startups don’t compete with airlines...
Miniature Airport by disparkys on Flickr (CC-BY,SA)
by purchasing a bunch of planeshiring a bunch of pilots
and locking up a bunch of terminals at airports.
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RESOURCE UTILISATION LOW
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Safety imbalance Variation in resource demand
Chain imbalance Caused by the chain
Technological imbalance E.g. mismatch in equipment
Operational imbalance Goods and resource flow not compatible
Structural imbalance Uneven transport demand
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Safety imbalance Variation in resource demand
Chain imbalance Caused by the chain
Technological imbalance E.g. mismatch in equipment
Operational imbalance Goods and resource flow not compatible
Structural imbalance Uneven transport demand
Several of these imbalances can be
reduced by reducing uncertainties
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In S
ea
rch
Of
Lo
st T
ime
by
bo
ge
nfr
eu
nd
on
Flic
kr
But the biggest problem in transportation is time.
There is not enough of it.
Ever.
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The transport industry does not like real-time
decisions.
At all.DSC_9073.jpg by James England on Flickr (CC-BY)
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The transport industry does not like real-time
decisions.
At all.
Batch-handlingZip codes
Zones
Time-tables
DSC_9073.jpg by James England on Flickr (CC-BY)
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Image: Alain Delorme, alaindelorme.com
The current model is focused on economy of
scale and standardization
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Image: Alain Delorme, alaindelorme.com
The current model is focused on economy of
scale and standardization
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The current paradigm
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So…
What are we doing about
all this?
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http://www.gartner.com/newsroom/id/2575515Source: Gartner August 2013
Augmenting humans with technology
Machines replacing humans
Humans and machines working
alongside each other
Machines better
understanding humans and
the environment
Humans better understanding
machines
Machines and humans
becoming smarter
Gartners Hype Cycle for Emerging Technologies
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http://www.gartner.com/newsroom/id/2575515Source: Gartner August 2013
Gartners Hype Cycle for Emerging Technologies
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http://www.gartner.com/newsroom/id/2575515
?
Source: Gartner August 2013
Gartners Hype Cycle for Emerging Technologies
Transportation/logistics?
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Opportunities
Digitization Increasing goods volumes
New technology
Political
interest
Quad Aces by fitzsean on Flickr
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ICT MaturityApp
"Multi-Touch" by DaveLawler on Flickr (CC-BY)
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smile! by Judy van der Velden (CC-BY,NC,SA)
Speculative shipping
http://www.scdigest.com/ontarget/14-01-21-1.php?cid=7767
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smile! by Judy van der Velden (CC-BY,NC,SA)
Speculative shipping
http://www.scdigest.com/ontarget/14-01-21-1.php?cid=7767
Package item(s) as a package for eventual shipment to a delivery address
Associate unique ID with package
Select destination geographic area for package
Ship package to selected distribution geographic area without completely
specifying delivery address
Orders satisfied by item(s)
received?
Package redirected?Determine package location
Convey delivery address, package ID to delivery location
Assign delivery address to package
Deliver package to delivery address
Convey indication of new destination geographic area and package ID to
current location
Yes
Yes
No
No
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smile! by Judy van der Velden (CC-BY,NC,SA)
Speculative shipping
http://www.scdigest.com/ontarget/14-01-21-1.php?cid=7767
Package item(s) as a package for eventual shipment to a delivery address
Associate unique ID with package
Select destination geographic area for package
Ship package to selected distribution geographic area without completely
specifying delivery address
Orders satisfied by item(s)
received?
Package redirected?Determine package location
Convey delivery address, package ID to delivery location
Assign delivery address to package
Deliver package to delivery address
Convey indication of new destination geographic area and package ID to
current location
Yes
Yes
No
No
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CC-BY PER OLOF ARNÄS
Strategic Tactical Operational Predictive
Time horizons
We are approaching this boundary
…and we are starting to move past it!
Real-time!
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Digitization frontsGoods Vehicle
Business process
Infra-structure
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Goods Vehicle
Business process
Infra-structure
Barcodes RFID
Sensors
ERP systems TMS systems
E-invoices Cloudbased
services
Order handling Driver support Vehicle economics
RDS-TMC Road taxes Active traffic support
Digitization fronts
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CC-BY PER OLOF ARNÄS
Business processes
Infra- structure
Paper based Phone
Papers
Road signsAnalogue
tools
RDS
Monitor fuel
cosnumption
Digitization version 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0
E-m
ail
Fax
TMS
-
systems
Excel
Route planning
GPS for n
avigatio
n
Electro
nically
genera
ted
freig
ht docum
ents
Barcodes
RFI
D-t
ags
Simple order handling
Advanced order handling
Open interface
Web based U
I
Platform
based
systems
Hardw
are-
oriented
Data collection
systems
(prop
rietary)
Com
munication
with vehicles
E-invoice
Web based
bookingRoute
optimisation
Th
e so
cia
l web
Open connectivity
Integrated
prognosis
Data collection
systems (open)
Tolling
systems
Webservices
with traffic data
Dyn
amic
ro
utin
g sy
stem
s
Pe
rform
an
ce
Ba
sed
ac
ce
ss
Pe
rfo
rma
nc
e
Ba
sed
ac
ce
ss
Mas
hups
Mul
tiple
dat
a so
urce
s
Pro
be
dat
a
Individual
routin
g
inform
ation
Platooning
PlatooningExceptions handling
Sm
art g
ood
s
Manual
Computers
Software
Functions
Dis
trib
uted
deci
sion
m
akin
g
Goods as bi-
directio
nal
hyperlink
Paper based
CC-BY Per Olof Arnäs, Chalmers
Goods Vehicle
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Goods
Vehicles
Business processes
Infrastructure
Stra-tegic
Tac-tical
Opera-tional
Pre-dictiveWhat happens
when access to real-time data increases?
not quite clear on the concept by woodleywonderworks on Flickr (CC-BY)
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The Action of New York City by Trey Ratcliff on Flickr (CC-BY,NC,SA)
Need for speed
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The Action of New York City by Trey Ratcliff on Flickr (CC-BY,NC,SA)
Need for speed
Data collection
Data processing Data
exploitation
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CC-BY PER OLOF ARNÄS En la cima! by Alejandro Juárez on Flickr (CC-BY)
3 mountaintops to climb…
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CC-BY PER OLOF ARNÄS En la cima! by Alejandro Juárez on Flickr (CC-BY)
Fixed Historical
3 data types
Mountaintop #1
Collection of data in real-time
Snapshot
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CC-BY PER OLOF ARNÄS En la cima! by Alejandro Juárez on Flickr (CC-BY)
5 data domains
Vehicle CargoDriver CompanyInfrastructure/
facility
at leas
t…
Mountaintop #1
Collection of data in real-time
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Length Weight WidthHeight
Capacity + other PBS-criteria
EmissionsFuel consumption
Route
Position Speed
Direction
Weight Origin
Destination Accepted ETA
Temperature + other state variables
Temperature + other state variables
Education/training
Speed (ISA) Rest/break schedule
Traffic behaviour Belt usage
Alco lock history
Schedule status (time to next break etc.)
Contracts/ agreements Previous interactions Backoffice support
Fixed Historical Snapshot
Vehicle
Cargo
Driver
Company
Infrastructure/facility
Map + fixed data layers Traffic history
Current traffic Queue
Availability
DATA MATRIX
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CC-BY PER OLOF ARNÄS En la cima! by Alejandro Juárez on Flickr (CC-BY)
Mountaintop #2
Processing of data in real-time
Locals and Tourists #1 (GTWA #2): London by Eric Fischer on Flickr
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CC-BY PER OLOF ARNÄS En la cima! by Alejandro Juárez on Flickr (CC-BY)
Mountaintop #2
Processing of data in real-time
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CC-BY PER OLOF ARNÄS En la cima! by Alejandro Juárez on Flickr (CC-BY)
Mountaintop #3
Exploiting data in real-time
Connected. 362/365 by AndYaDontStop on Flickr (CC-BY)
Lisa for I/O Keynote by Max Braun on Flickr (CC-BY)
Fulham-Manchester United 24-02-2007 by
vuhlser on Flickr (CC-BY)
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CC-BY PER OLOF ARNÄS En la cima! by Alejandro Juárez on Flickr (CC-BY)
Mountaintop #3
Exploiting data in real-time
Boeing-KC-97 Stratotanker by x-ray delta one on Flickr (CC-BY)
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CASES (MANY)
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CASES (MANY MORE)
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Challenges
The Challenger by Martín Vinacur on Flickr (CC-BY)
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Company
Difficulties increase with scale
The Challenger by Martín Vinacur on Flickr (CC-BY)
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Company
Supply chain, simple
The Challenger by Martín Vinacur on Flickr (CC-BY)
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Company
Supply chain, simple
Supply chain, complex
The Challenger by Martín Vinacur on Flickr (CC-BY)
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Company
Supply chain, simple
Supply chain, complex
Eco system
The Challenger by Martín Vinacur on Flickr (CC-BY)
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The Challenger by Martín Vinacur on Flickr (CC-BY)
Not all ideas age with grace
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The Challenger by Martín Vinacur on Flickr (CC-BY)
Someone must do the work
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The Challenger by Martín Vinacur on Flickr (CC-BY)
Not everyone will want to adopt new things…
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CC-BY PER OLOF ARNÄS
UNSOLVED PROBLEMS IN FREIGHT TRANSPORTCLIMBING THE THREE MOUNTAINTOPS OF REAL-TIME DATA
Per Olof Arnäs Chalmers University of Technology @Dr_PO [email protected] about.me/perolofarnas Slides: slideshare.net/poar
En la cima! by Alejandro Juárez on Flickr (CC-BY)