UNIT I2D PRIMITIVES

INTRODUCTION

1SNSCE/IT/ARUNA

1.1 DEFINITION

Computer Graphic is the discipline of producing picture or images using a computer which include

ModelingCreationManipulationstorage of geometric objectsRenderingconverting a scene to an image

the process of transformationsRasterizationshadingIlluminationanimation of the image, etc.

2

SNSCE/IT/ARUNA

SNSCE/IT/ARUNA

3

MODELING CREATION MANIPULATION

Geometric objects

1.1RENDERING

SNSCE/IT/ARUNA

4

Process of generating an image from a model

CONVERTING A SCENE TO AN IMAGE

SNSCE/IT/ARUNA

5

Rasterization

Task of taking an image described in a vector graphics format (shapes) Converting it into a raster image (pixels or dots) for output on a video display or printer or for storage in a bitmap file format.

SNSCE/IT/ARUNA

6

Shading

SNSCE/IT/ARUNA

7

Shading

SNSCE/IT/ARUNA

8

ILLUMINATION

The transport of luminous flux from light sources between points via direct and indirect paths

Lighting - the process of computing the luminous intensity reflected from a specified 3-D point

SNSCE/IT/ARUNA

9

Animation of the image

The process used for generating animated images

SNSCE/IT/ARUNA

10

1.2 APPLICATION

Computer Aided Design (CAD)

SNSCE/IT/ARUNA

11

PRESENTATION GRAPHICS

Generating the report and summaries the financial statistical, economic, research etc.,

SNSCE/IT/ARUNA

12

COMPUTER ART

SNSCE/IT/ARUNA

13

cartoon diagram produced with paint brush program, artist work at monitor

Electronic watercolor

Electronic Avalanche

SNSCE/IT/ARUNA

14

Sphere of influence

SNSCE/IT/ARUNA

15

SNSCE/IT/ARUNA

16

ENTERTAINMENT

SNSCE/IT/ARUNA

17

star trek-the Wrath of khan

SNSCE/IT/ARUNA

18

Computer generated Scene

KNICKKNACK

Red’s dream

TV series

SNSCE/IT/ARUNA

19

graphics combined with a live scene

SNSCE/IT/ARUNA

20

reconstruction of thirteenth century

SNSCE/IT/ARUNA

21

MORPHING

EDUACTION AND TRAINING

SNSCE/IT/ARUNA

22

Nuclear reactorFlight simulator motion

Naval Simulator Space shuttleAutomobile

VISUALIZATION

SNSCE/IT/ARUNA

23

technique for creating images, diagrams, or animations to communicate a message.

IMAGE PROCESSING

SNSCE/IT/ARUNA

24

GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE

SNSCE/IT/ARUNA

25

1.3 OVERVIEW OF GRAPHICS SYSTEM

SNSCE/IT/ARUNA

26

Video Display DevicesRaster-Scan SystemsGraphics Workstations and Viewing SystemsInput DevicesHard-Copy DevicesGraphics NetworksGraphics on the InternetGraphics SoftwareIntroduction to OpenGLSummary

VIDEO DISPLAY DEVICES

SNSCE/IT/ARUNA

27

CATHODE-RAY TUBE (CRT)

SNSCE/IT/ARUNA

28

Basic design of a magnetic-deflection CRT

CATHODE-RAY TUBE (CRT)

SNSCE/IT/ARUNA

29

Raster-Scan Displays

SNSCE/IT/ARUNA

30

Random-Scan Displays

SNSCE/IT/ARUNA

31

Color CRT Monitors

Flat-Panel Displays

SNSCE/IT/ARUNA

32

Liquid crystal displays (LCD)Plasma panelsElectroluminescent panels (ELD)Light-emitting diode display (LED)

SNSCE/IT/ARUNA

33

Three-Dimensional Viewing Devices

SNSCE/IT/ARUNA

34

Stereoscopic and Virtual-Reality Systems

PRINTABLE CROSS CROSS EYE VIEWER

SNSCE/IT/ARUNA

35

SNSCE/IT/ARUNA

36

RASTER-SCAN SYSTEMS

SNSCE/IT/ARUNA

37

Rectangular pattern of image capture and reconstruction in television

GRAPHICS WORKSTATIONSAND VIEWING SYSTEMS

SNSCE/IT/ARUNA

38

An artist’s workstation, featuring a monitor, a keyboard, a graphics tablet with a hand cursor, and a light table, in addition to data storage and telecommunications devices

High resolution(2048 by 2048)graphics monitor.

SNSCE/IT/ARUNA

39

INPUT DEVICES

SNSCE/IT/ARUNA

40

Keyboards, Button Boxes, and DialsMouse Devices

Z mouse features three buttons, a mouse ball underneath, a thumbwheel on the side, and a trackball on top

Trackballs and Spaceballs

SNSCE/IT/ARUNA

41

1. stick, 2. base, 3. trigger, 4. extra buttons, 5. autofire switch, 6.throttle, 7. hat switch (POV hat), 8.suction cup.

SNSCE/IT/ARUNA

42

Data Gloves Digitizers

SNSCE/IT/ARUNA

43

Scanner Touch Panels

LIGHT PEN

SNSCE/IT/ARUNA

44

SNSCE/IT/ARUNA

45

Voice Systems

SNSCE/IT/ARUNA

46

HARD-COPY DEVICES

GRAPHICS SOFTWARE

General graphics programming packages are GL (Graphics Library) OpenGL VRML (Virtual-Reality Modeling Language) Java 2D Java 3D

SNSCE/IT/ARUNA

47

Coordinate representation

SNSCE/IT/ARUNA

48

Graphics Functions

Graphics package provides users with a variety of functions for creating and manipulating pictures

Graphics output, input, Attribues, transformations, viewing, subdividing pictures, or general control.

Graphics output primitives - points, straight lines, curved lines, filled color areas (usually polygons), and shapes

SNSCE/IT/ARUNA

49