Unit 6 Part 3
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Transcript of Unit 6 Part 3
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Unit 6 Part 3
Fungi
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Characteristics
• Eukaryotic heterotrophs
• Multicellular (except yeasts)
• Cell wall– Made of chitin
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Characteristics
• Digest food outside of their bodies and then absorb it
– Some absorb decaying matter in the soil (saprotrophic decomposers)
– Some are symbiotic (lichen, plants)
– Some are parasitic – absorb nutrients from host
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Characteristics• Fungi as parasites:
– Plant diseases (mildew, corn smut)
– Human diseases (foot fungus, yeast infections)
– Other animal diseases (Cordyceps fungus)
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Fungal Disease
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Fungal Disease
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Fungal Disease
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Structure & Function
• Composed of thin filaments called Hyphae
• Hyphae are tangled together in a thick mass called mycelium
• Large surface area for absorbing nutrients
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Structure & Function
• Fruiting body – reproductive structure; grows from the mycelium in the soil
• Can have many f.b.’s emerging from same mycelium
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Structure & Function
• Mycelium can live for many years
• Over time…nutrients are depleted from soil around them…Why?
• Result…
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Structure & Function
• Fairy Rings
• New fungi sprout at edges of mycelium, forming rings.
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Reproduction
• Asexual:
– Cells/hyphae break off + grown on own
– Scattered spores (reproductive cell; grows into new org. through mitosis alone)
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Reproduction• Sexual:– No “male/female”– Called “+” and “-”– Hyphae from + and – fuse together and produce a diploid
zygote
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Classification
• Common Mold– Black bread mold
• Sac Fungi– Largest group of
fungi– Includes yeasts
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Classification
• Club Fungi– Reproductive
structures look like clubs
– Extremely diverse