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Unit 3 – Spain As A Great Power Revision
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Transcript of Unit 3 – Spain As A Great Power Revision
Unit 3 – Spain as a great power 1556-159845 minutes 1 from 2
Top Band
•Focus on question set•Focus on evaluation •Provide a convincing assessment •Range of factors/points•Balanced between factors•Linked where appropriate •Supported throughout by factual
knowledge
Key themes to revise
•What was the condition of mainland Spain at the end of Charles I reign?
•How did Philip II govern Spain?•What problems in Spain did he face
throughout his reign?•What was the legacy of Philip II? Philip
III’s inheritance
Must cover• Philip II’s inheritance• Philip’s policies towards Court faction and
provinces• Inflation• Religion - attempts to strengthen Catholicism,
relations with the papacy, the Morisco’s problem• Philip III’s inheritance or how successful was
Philip II - Conditions in Spain at the end of the reign, impact of Dutch revolt on Spain, policies towards England and France, character and problems of Philip III.
‘A highly successful King’. Assess this view of Philip II.
Successful?
Successful? Unsuccessful?
Spain religiously united
Preserved MonarquiaBullion from new world
Maintained control of Church in Spain
Attempted to challenge heresy where Strategically viable to defendCatholicism – Lepanto 1571
Financial cost of defending Monarquia and Catholicism
Inefficient governmentPaper King –
government paralysis by 1590’s
Rebellion of Provinces – Moriscos 1568 , Netherlands
1566 and Aragon 1590
Maintained Catholic unity Of Empire (Exception of Netherlands)
Economic issues
Military defeat by French, English and Dutch
Final analysis – seeds sown in 16th Century for Spain's later demise
‘Golden Age’ of culture
Acquisition of Portugal in 1580
Counter ReformationReforming degrees of Council
introduced
‘Black Legend’ view – MotleyTyrannical / Absolute
Historians Assessment
•Philip ultimately left similarly difficult and complex legacy to that of his father.
•Motley and Watson argue ‘Black Legend’ view of Philip – tyrannical and absolute
•Elliot ‘ Philip had spent all he had, and reduced to misery his kingdom of Castile’.
•Koenigsberger – Philip was no tyrant and monster but ultimately his reign was a failure. It sowed the seeds of Spain’s later demise.
A ‘Golden age’ for Spanish culture?• Arts, architecture and scholarship encouraged by
Philip.e.g.• Capital established in Madrid 1561 next 25 years
Alcazar (Royal Citadel) remodelled and extended.• Escorial built – private monastery, palace and
mausleum.• Titian commissioned to paint various works of art• Writers such as St Teresa of Avila supported
• However counter argument that Spain under watchful eye of inquisition turned in on itself and fell behind rest of Europe.
• Also Philip’s interest not supported by Royal court.