Unit 3 Arts of Neoclassicism

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NEOCLASSICISM, 1780 - 1840NEOCLASSICISM, 1780 - 1840

Neoclassic – Greek word neos meaning new and the Latin word classicus which is similar in meaning to the English phrase first class.

> The Western movement in decorative and visual arts was called Neoclassicism.

> coincided with the 18th century Age of Reason also known as the Age of Enlightenment.

Matt H. Evans, [email protected]

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Neoclassical art pieces such as paintings, sculpture, and architecture generally portrayed Roman history which elevated the Roman heroes.

Characteristics: portrayal of Roman history formal composition the use of diagonals to show the peak of an

emotion or moment local colorOverall lightingClassic geo structureMatt H. Evans, [email protected]

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NEOCLASSICAL PAINTINGNEOCLASSICAL PAINTING

Neoclassical artists embraced the ideas of order and moderation in which artistic interpretations of classic Greek and Roman history were restored to realistic portrayals.

Neoclassical painters gave great importance to the costumes, settings and details of classical subject matter without adding distracting details but with as much historical accuracy as possible.


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Neo-classical artistsNeo-classical artists

1. Jacques-Louis David (1748-1825) France

was an influential French painter

considered to be the pre-eminent painter

his paintings were more on history

Famous Artworks:

The Death of Marat

Napoleon Crossing the Alps

Oath of the Horatii


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The Death of MaratThe Death of Marat

David’s masterpiece shows the portrayal of a revolutionary martyr. This is a painting of the murdered French revolutionary leader Jean Paul Marat.


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Napoleon Crossing the AlpsNapoleon Crossing the Alps

The painting that showed a strongly idealized view of the real crossing that Napoleon and his army made across the Alps through th Great St. Bernard Pass in May 1800.


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Oath of HoratiiOath of Horatii

It was a large painting that depicts a scene from a Roman legend about the dispute between Rome and Alba Longa. The three brothers, all of whom appear willing to sacrifice their lives for the good of Rome, are shown saluting their father who holds their swords out for them.


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2. Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres (1780-1867) France

Was influenced by Italian Renaissance Painters

His paintings were usually nudes, portraits and mythological themes.

Regarded as one of the great exemplars of academic art and one of the finest Old Masters of his era.

Famous Artworks: Portrait of Napoleon on the

Imperial Throne The Apotheosis of Homer


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Portrait of Napoleon on the Imperial ThronePortrait of Napoleon on the Imperial Throne

The painting depicts Napoleon in his decadent coronation costume, seated upon his golden-entrusted throne, hand resting upon smooth ivory balls. During his reign, the painting was owned by the Corps Legislatif which was a part of the French Legislature. The painting was believed to be commissioned by Napoleon as King of Italy.


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The Apotheosis of HomerThe Apotheosis of Homer

The painting was a state commission by Charles X to have him remembered in the building works of Louvre. The painting depicts an image of Homer, receiving all the brilliant men of Rome, Greece and contemporary times.


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NEOCLASSICAL SCULPTURESNEOCLASSICAL SCULPTURES

The Neoclassical period was one of the great ages of public sculpture. Artists looked to Roman styles during the time of Alexander the Great for inspiration as well as to mimic their style.


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1. Antonio Canova (1757-1822) Italy

Was a prolific Italian artist and sculptor

He became famous for marble sculptures

Famous Artworks: Psyche Awakened by

Cupid’s Kiss Washington


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Psyche Awakened by Cupid’s KissPsyche Awakened by Cupid’s Kiss

A marble sculpture portraying the relationship pf Psyche and Cupid


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WashingtonWashington

This is a marble sculpture of Washington currently displayed at North Carolina Museum of History.


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2. Bertel Thorvaldsen (1789-1838) Denmark

Was the first internationally acclaimed Danish artist.

He executed sculptures of mythological and religious themes characters.

Famous Artworks: Christ Lion of Lucerne


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ChristChrist

A marble sculpture image of resurrected Christ currently located at the Thorvaldsen Museum.


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Lion of LucerneLion of Lucerne

A sculpture of a dying lion in Lucerne, Switzerland that commemorates the Swiss Guards who were massacred in 1792 during the French Revolution.


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NEOCLASSICAL ARCHITECTURENEOCLASSICAL ARCHITECTURE

In its purest form, Neoclassical architecture was a style principally derived from the architecture of Classical Greece and Rome and the architectural designs of the Italian architect Andrea Palladio.


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TYPES OF NEOCLASSICAL ARCHITECTURE:TYPES OF NEOCLASSICAL ARCHITECTURE:

Temple Style > was based on an ancient temple.

Palladian Style > were based on style of villa construction.

Robert Adam (1728 – 1792) Britain

- He was known as the Palladian architect of the Neoclassical who designed two well-known American civic buildings – The White House and the United States Capitol

Classical Block Style >features a rectangular or square plan, with a flat roof and an exterior rich in classical detail.

Henri Labrouste – His masterpiece is the Library of Sainte-Genevieve

Charles Garnier – He designed the most famous classical block of all which is the Palais Garnier


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Most famous Temple Style BuildingMost famous Temple Style Building

Pantheon, Paris by Jacques-Germain Soufflot

> is a building in the Latin Quarter of Paris, France. Paris' Pantheon was originally built as a church dedicated to St. Genevieve, modelled after the Pantheon in Rome, but after many changes now combines liturgical functions with its role as a famous burial place.


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British Museum, LondonBritish Museum, London by Robert Smirke by Robert Smirke> > is a museum in London dedicated to human history and culture. Its permanent is a museum in London dedicated to human history and culture. Its permanent collection, numbering some 8 million works, is among the largest and most collection, numbering some 8 million works, is among the largest and most comprehensive in existencecomprehensive in existence and originates from all continents, illustrating and and originates from all continents, illustrating and documenting the story of human culture from its beginnings to the present.documenting the story of human culture from its beginnings to the present.


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La Madeleine de Paris La Madeleine de Paris by Pierre-Alexandre Vignonby Pierre-Alexandre Vignon> > is a church dedicated to St. Mary Magdalene in Paris. It was designed as a classical is a church dedicated to St. Mary Magdalene in Paris. It was designed as a classical temple to the glory of Napoleon's army.temple to the glory of Napoleon's army.


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Most famous Palladian Style BuildingMost famous Palladian Style Building

White House

> The White House is the official residence and principal workplace of the President of the United States, located at 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue NW in Washington, D.C. It has been the residence of every U.S. president since John Adams in 1800.


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U.S. Capitol Building > is among the most architecturally impressive and symbolically U.S. Capitol Building > is among the most architecturally impressive and symbolically important buildings in the world. It has housed the meeting chambers of the Senate important buildings in the world. It has housed the meeting chambers of the Senate and the House of Representatives for over two centuries. Begun in 1793, the U.S. and the House of Representatives for over two centuries. Begun in 1793, the U.S. Capitol has been built, burnt, rebuilt, extended and restored; today, it stands as a Capitol has been built, burnt, rebuilt, extended and restored; today, it stands as a monument not only to its builders but also to the American people and their monument not only to its builders but also to the American people and their government.government.


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Most famous Classical Block Style BuildingMost famous Classical Block Style Building

The Bibliotheque Sainte-Genevieve

> is a French National located at Paris, France. The current structure, built by architect Henri Labroustein 1851. Thelibrary inherited the manuscripts and collections of one of the oldestabbeys in Europe, the Abbey of Sainte – Genevieve. Buried in the crypt in 502, Sainte Genevieve gave her name to very institutions she served: the church, the abbey, and the library.


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Palais Garnier > A 19th-century architectural masterpiece, the Palais Garnier Opera Palais Garnier > A 19th-century architectural masterpiece, the Palais Garnier Opera House, built by Charles Garnier and opened in 1875, is the 13th opera house in Paris House, built by Charles Garnier and opened in 1875, is the 13th opera house in Paris since the introduction of French opera by Louis XIV in 1669. Napoleon III since the introduction of French opera by Louis XIV in 1669. Napoleon III commissioned it as part of the renovation works in the capital carried out under his commissioned it as part of the renovation works in the capital carried out under his command by Baron Haussmann.command by Baron Haussmann.


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New York Public Library > is a public system in New York City. With nearly 53 New York Public Library > is a public system in New York City. With nearly 53 million items, the New York Public Library is the second largest public library in million items, the New York Public Library is the second largest public library in the United States behind only the Library Congress.the United States behind only the Library Congress.


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The The Boston Public LibraryBoston Public Library is a municipal public library system in Boston, is a municipal public library system in Boston, Massachusetts and United States founded in 1848.The Boston Public Library is Massachusetts and United States founded in 1848.The Boston Public Library is also the Library for the Massachusetts, all adult residents of the commonwealth also the Library for the Massachusetts, all adult residents of the commonwealth are entitled to borrowing and research privileges, and the library receives state are entitled to borrowing and research privileges, and the library receives state funding. The Boston Public Library contains approximately 23 million items funding. The Boston Public Library contains approximately 23 million items encompassing all formats including books, DVDs, maps, music scores, and encompassing all formats including books, DVDs, maps, music scores, and visual. In fiscal year 2014, the library held over 10,000 programs, all free to the visual. In fiscal year 2014, the library held over 10,000 programs, all free to the public, and lent 3.7 million public, and lent 3.7 million materials.materials.[[

..


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READY FOR A QUIZ???


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I. Identify the Neoclassical Artists (1-4)I. Identify the Neoclassical Artists (1-4)


31Matt H. Evans, [email protected]

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II. Identify the Artworks. (5 – 12)II. Identify the Artworks. (5 – 12)


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III. Matching type. Match Column A to Column B. III. Matching type. Match Column A to Column B. Write the letter of your answer.Write the letter of your answer.13. Napoleon Crossing the

Alps

14. Psyche Awakened by Cupid’s Kiss

15. Lion of Lucerne

16. White House

17. Washington

18. Portrait of Napoleon on the Imperial Throne

20. Oath of Horatii

21. Library of Sainte-Genevieve

22. Palais Garnier

23. United States Capitol

A. Jacques – Louis David

B. Jean-Auguste- Dominique Ingres

C. Antonio Canova

D. Bertel Thorvaldsen

E. Robert Adam

F. Henri Labrouste

G. Charles Garnier


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IV. Identify the following.IV. Identify the following.

24. This word came from the Greek word NEOS meaning new and the Latin word CLASSICUS which is similar in meaning to the English phrase FIRST CLASS.

25. This painting showed a strongly idealized view of the real crossing that Napoleon and his army made across the Alps through the Great St. Bernard Pass in May 1800.

26. The painting painted by Jean –Auguste-Dominique Ingres depicts Napoleon in his decadent coronation costume and was believed to be commissioned by Napoleon as the King of Italy.

27. It is a marble sculpture by Antonio Canova portraying the relationship of Psyche and Cupid.

28. It is a sculpture of a dying lion in Lucerne, Switzerland that commemorates the Swiss Guards who were massacred in 1792 during the French Revolution.

29. He is the most famous Palladian architect of the Neoclassical who designed the two most famous American civic palladian buildings such as the White House and the U.S. Capitol.

30. This type of Neo-classical architecture features a building design based on an ancient temple.


Unit 3 Arts of Neoclassicism

Art & Photos

Transcript of Unit 3 Arts of Neoclassicism