NeoClassicism and Romanticism
description
Transcript of NeoClassicism and Romanticism
NEOCLASSICISM AND ROMANTICISM
The 19th century
Reaction, counterreaction, reaction Three movements to note:
Neoclassicism – reaction to baroque and rococo – trying to bring back the simpler styles and “pure” ideals of the Classical era (and Renaissance)
Romanticism – reaction to materialism and focus on religion and wealth – an attempt to focus on the individual, nature, and feelings – also to glorify revolution and social change
Realism – reaction to social inequality – trying to show the reality of human life and lower classes
Neoclassicism
- This was a revival of the styles and spirit of classic antiquity (Ancient Greece and Rome)
- This movement in art, design and literature reflected the developments in philosophy and other areas of the Age of Enlightenment
- Artists and philosophers were reacting against the EXCESS of the Baroque and especially the Rococo style
Neoclassicism (1750 -1850)
Artists felt that the Rococo age was just TOO MUCH and that they should look back to classical antiquity for the simplicity and balance they desired
Also made artworks in which Classical subjects taught a moral lesson that they felt people needed to see.
Neoclassicism
Jacques-LouisDavid, Oath of theHoratii
Neoclassicism in Architecture and Design – especially popular in early America
Interior of Mt. Vernon Estate, owned By George Washington
US Capitol, Washington
Virginia State Capitol, Built 1788
Neoclassicism in Design
Wedgwood Vase in theStyle of a Greek Urn, 1815
Portrait of MadameDe Verninac, Jacques-Louis David
Neoclassicism Main Ideas
Reaction against excess / consumption of the Rococo
Admiration of Ancient Greek and Roman style
Use of columns, mythical creatures, heroes of the past
Idea that the past was a purer, more moral, more “ideal” time
BIG EVENTS -- CATALYSTS
The American Revolution – 1776 The French Revolution – 1789 Napoleon Crowned emperor of France –
1803 Haitian Revolution – 1789-1804 (first
successful Slave revolt)
Romanticism 1780-1850
- triumph of individualism and the emotions
- Occurs after the French Revolution- emphasis on nature as symbolic of
emotional life - The “romantic hero”- Celebration of rebellion against authority,
individual freedom- Celebration of personal expression
Jacques-Louis David
Napoleon at St. Bernard’s Pass
1800oil on canvas9 ft. 11 1/2 in. x 7 ft. 2 in.
What does Romanticism look like?
Often what ties these together is the approach, rather than the style
Subject matter has to do with the individual, with emotions, with real historical events
We can often recognize dramatic skies as a common element
Jacques-LouisDavid,
The Death of Marat1794
Eugene Delacroix, Liberty Leading the People, 1830
Francisco Goya
The Third of May, 1808
1814oil on canvas8 ft. 8 in. x 11 ft. 3 in.
Théodore Géricault
Raft of the Medusa
1818-1819oil on canvas16 x 23 ft.
Caspar David Friedrich
Wanderer Above the Sea of Fog
1818oil on canvas
Caspar David Friedrich
Monk by the Sea
1809-10oil on canvas
Joseph Mallord William Turner
The Slave Ship
1840oil on canvas2 ft. 11 11/16 in. x 4 ft. 5/16 in.