Unit 3 –Commercial Heatingtraining.myescenter.com/commercial_1/Unit_03... · commercial...
Transcript of Unit 3 –Commercial Heatingtraining.myescenter.com/commercial_1/Unit_03... · commercial...
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Commercial 1 TrackUnit 3 – Commercial Heating
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Track: Commercial Natural Gas I
Unit #3: Natural Gas Heating Equipment
An overview of Heating Technologies for Commercial Facilities
Mr. Eric Burgis, Energy Solutions Center
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Commercial Markets
Sizing and Efficiency Available HVAC Technologies Associations & Resources Manufacturer’s Contact Info
Presentation Outline
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Commercial Market Overview
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Commercial 1 TrackUnit 3 – Commercial Heating
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Commercial Building Types
Healthcare Facilities
K‐12 Schools
Universities
Lodging Facilities
Office Buildings
Retail Spaces
Food Service Facilities
Elderly Care Buildings
Multi‐Family Units
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According to the U.S. Department of Energy, a typical commercial building’s energy use accounts for 30% of operating costs, the largest single category of controllable costs
Commercial Buildings
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Environmental Impact
In the United States alone, commercial buildings account for:
35.8% of total electricity consumption in US
18.8% of total energy use
18.1% of all carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions
* Source: DOE Buildings Energy Data Book http://buildingsdatabook.eren.doe.gov/default.aspx
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Commercial 1 TrackUnit 3 – Commercial Heating
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The U.S. Department of Energy, High Performance Buildings Initiative sets out to:
Improve the energy efficiency of commercial buildings in the U.S.
Reduce the energy consumption of buildings and improve their quality, occupant comfort, and cost‐effectiveness
Achieve goals by using energy‐efficiency and renewable energy technologies, recycled and sustainable materials, and site sensitive design to minimize environmental impact
High Performance Buildings
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Provide environmental and energy savings benefits
Offer financial savings for the building owner
Improve building operations
Reduce operating and maintenance costs
Natural Gas Heating Technology in Commercial Buildings
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Heating Load
Outdoor Temperature
Req
uired
Heat
DesignTemperature
Warmer Colder80% of Hours 20% of Hours
The equipment actually installed is often oversized to provide extra safety factor as well as to utilize manufacturer’s standard sizes
Oversized units will not operate at their maximum efficiency
Unit Size Installed
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Commercial 1 TrackUnit 3 – Commercial Heating
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Estimated Annual Energy Cost Unit Efficiency
90%EFFICIENCY
80%EFFICIENCY
Oversized UnitsUnits do not operate at max efficiency
$8,900 $ 10,000
Sized to Calculated Load $ 7,400 $ 8,300
Sized to Lower Actual LoadsUnits operate more at their peak efficiency
$ 6,800 $ 7,650
Impact on Energy Cost of Oversized Units Example
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Annual Estimated Savings for Every $100 of Fuel Costs by Increasing Your Heating Equipment Efficiency *
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Existing System AFUE
New / Upgraded System AFUE
55% 60% 65% 70% 75% 80% 85% 90% 95%
50% $9.09 $16.76 $23.07 $28.57 $33.33 $37.50 $41.24 $44.24 $47.36
55% ‐‐‐‐ $8.33 $15.38 $21.42 $26.66 $31.20 $35.29 $38.88 $42.10
60% ‐‐‐‐ ‐‐‐‐ $7.69 $14.28 $20.00 $25.00 $29.41 $33.33 $37.80
65% ‐‐‐‐ ‐‐‐‐ ‐‐‐‐ $7.14 $13.33 $18.75 $23.52 $27.77 $31.57
70% ‐‐‐‐ ‐‐‐‐ ‐‐‐‐ ‐‐‐‐ $6.66 $12.50 $17.64 $22.22 $26.32
75% ‐‐‐‐ ‐‐‐‐ ‐‐‐‐ ‐‐‐‐ ‐‐‐‐ $6.50 $11.76 $16.66 $21.10
80% ‐‐‐‐ ‐‐‐‐ ‐‐‐‐ ‐‐‐‐ ‐‐‐‐ ‐‐‐‐ $5.88 $11.11 $15.80
85% ‐‐‐‐ ‐‐‐‐ ‐‐‐‐ ‐‐‐‐ ‐‐‐‐ ‐‐‐‐ ‐‐‐‐ $5.55 $10.50
90% ‐‐‐‐ ‐‐‐‐ ‐‐‐‐ ‐‐‐‐ ‐‐‐‐ ‐‐‐‐ ‐‐‐‐ ‐‐‐‐ $5.30
*Assuming the same heat output Example Replace your 60% Heating System with a 90% System and save $33.33 for every $100 / yr of energy for heating
http://energy.gov/energysaver/articles/furnaces‐and‐boilers
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HeatingTechnologies
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Commercial 1 TrackUnit 3 – Commercial Heating
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Available HVAC Technologies
Forced Warm Air Systems Make‐Up Air Systems Unit Heaters PTACs Thru‐The‐Wall Units Heat Pumps Boilers Infrared Heaters Combo Heaters Thermostats & Reset Controllers
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Forced Warm Air Systems
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Basic Physics of Warm Air Systems:
Warm air rises
System heats from the ceiling to the floor
Air must be moved by mechanical means
Air loses heat rapidly to the surroundings
Heats the air first … then people
Forced Warm Air Furnaces
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Commercial 1 TrackUnit 3 – Commercial Heating
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Seasonal efficiency of at least 78 – 80 percent
Most have naturally aspirated burners
Newer furnaces have electric ignition systems
Can consume 3 to 5 percent less energy than a furnace with a conventional standing pilot
Standard Warm Air Furnace
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High Efficiency Furnaces
Common Features of High Efficiency Furnaces:
Conventional or Condensing design with heating efficiencies of 90% ‐ 97%
Capability to provide up to 100% outside air for “free cooling” on mild days
Quiet and efficient plenum fans
Modulating hot gas reheat
Indoor or outdoor installation
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Natural gas rooftop units are the most commonly used HVAC systems for commercial buildings
Usually purchased with gas heat and electric air conditioning in one unit
New designs that employ modulating and condensing technology are now available
Rooftop Systems
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Commercial 1 TrackUnit 3 – Commercial Heating
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Natural gas rooftop units provide comfort and efficiency, offering:
Fast morning warm‐up and response times
Lower operating and maintenance costs
Longer life than electric heat pump units
Easily maintainable and replaceable systems
Rooftop Systems
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Conventional gas‐fired rooftop heaters often have efficiency ratings between 78 and 82 percent
Heating capacities range from under 100,000 to over 500,000 BTU/hr.
Conventional Rooftop Units
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Designs employ modulating and condensing technology
Efficiencies of 90% to 97% for condensing units
Provide comfort and efficiency offering:
Fast morning warm‐up and response times
Lower operating and maintenance costs
Longer equipment life than
heat pump units
Easy to maintain or replace
High Efficiency Rooftop Units
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Commercial 1 TrackUnit 3 – Commercial Heating
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Design Features
Condenser Coil
Modulating Tandem DigitalScroll Compressors
Standard Stainless‐Steel Gas Heat Exchanger
Controls Designed Around the UnitOperates w/All Popular Network
Protocols
Modulating Hot GasReheat Coil
2”/4” (50/101 mm)Combination Filter
Low‐Leak Dampersup to 100% Outside Air
Air Foil Plenum Fan Optional Energy Recovery Ventilator
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Make Up Air Systems(MUA)
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Make Up Air Heater
OUTDOORAIR INTAKE AIR DAMPER ASSEMBLY
GAS BURNER
WARM AIR BLOWER
TO INDOORDUCT WORK
BUILDING ROOF
FILTER BANK
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Commercial 1 TrackUnit 3 – Commercial Heating
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Make Up Air Systems
Cost effective way to provide fresh tempered air to “make up” for air leaving the building:
Restaurants and Commercial Kitchens
Office Buildings
Gymnasiums and Indoor Sports Facilities
Automobile Service and Repair Facilities
Wastewater and Sewage Treatment Facilities
Parking Garages
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Make Up Air Systems – Two Options
Direct Fired Units Gas is burned directly in the air stream being heated
100% of the available heat is delivered to the building
Indirect Fired Units Gas is burned in a heat exchanger/furnace unit
80% efficient due to heat exchanger efficiency and heat lost up the flue
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Why Use Make Up Air
Improved indoor air quality Improved equipment operation by supplying an adequate supply of combustion air Reduce cold air infiltration by heating outside air as it enters the building Reduce the infiltration of dust and dirt Improve occupant comfort and health by eliminating drafts Increase employee productivity and reduce absenteeism Improve overall building and systems efficiency and operation
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Commercial 1 TrackUnit 3 – Commercial Heating
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An air‐to‐air heat exchanger that recovers energy from both heat and humidity
ERV reduces the peak heating & cooling loads
ERV systems can provide annual energy savings by reducing the amount of HVAC energy needed
Allows capital reduction due to HVAC equipment downsizing
Energy Recovery Ventilators (ERV)
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Energy Recovery Ventilators (ERV)
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Separate chambers allows for removal of contaminants from air flows
Can be added to the air inlet of a rooftop system allowing the unit to be sized smaller
Available in sizes from 100 to 20,000 CFM
Easily installed on new or as a retrofit to an existing system
Energy Recovery Ventilators (ERV)
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Commercial 1 TrackUnit 3 – Commercial Heating
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Unit Heaters
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Typically suspended from the ceiling Factories, warehouses, garages Big box stores or warehouses
Unit heaters provide an excellent solution for Doorway heating (entry) Freeze protection (loading docks) Space heating (retail or warehouse) Summer time air circulation
Typically 78‐80% efficiency
Unit Heaters
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Units Incorporate Tubular heat exchanger Power vented exhaust Integrated Direct Spark Control
Easy to install and control System design is necessary to provide maximum heating results
Up to 93% Efficiency Outputs from 51,150 to 288,300 BTU/Hour
High Efficiency Unit Heaters
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Commercial 1 TrackUnit 3 – Commercial Heating
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Unit Heater Example Mounted in Elevated Positions from which Heated Air is Directed Downward
For Buildings with Low to Moderate Ceiling Heights
Approx. 30 Ft. Maximum Ceiling Height
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Relatively Light Weight / Roof Load per Btu Output
Only heat occupied areas as necessary (Zone Control)
Doesn’t Consume Productive Floor Space
Multiple Unit Redundancy
Air Circulation by Fans in Summer Mode
Quick Response to Night Setback Temperatures
Re‐Cycles Warm Air Stratifying at the Ceiling
Benefits of Unit Heaters
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Piping to systems
Roof penetrations for exhaust
Condensate removal for H.E. models
Clearances (Combustibles, Accessibility, Free flow of air)
Unit Heater Considerations
Distance at Which Heated Air Rises Above Comfort Level
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Commercial 1 TrackUnit 3 – Commercial Heating
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Unit Heater Types
Propeller Unit HeaterBlower Unit Heater
Deflector Blades & Hoods AcceptableDuctwork & Nozzles Not Acceptable
Lower Cost Than Blower Units
Ductwork & Nozzles AcceptableQuieter Than Propeller Units
Higher Cost Than Propeller UnitsPower Vented
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PTACsPackaged Terminal Air Conditioner
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Single package containing all the components of an air‐cooled air conditioner, furnace and air‐handling system
Used where individual zones have an outside wall and are conditioned separately with individual occupant control
Well suited to hotels, motels, nursing homes, schools and apartments
Units available with various heating options Natural gas as well as hydronic options using gas fired boilers
Typical Efficiency – 80%
PTACs
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Commercial 1 TrackUnit 3 – Commercial Heating
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Pro’s: Higher efficiency units now available
Replacement units available for older systems
Only heat/cool occupied areas as necessary
Con’s: Noise
Piping to systems
Multiple units = more maintenance
Issues with PTACs
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Thru the Wall Furnaces
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Thru‐The‐Wall Units combine heating and cooling in one compact easy‐to‐install unit For use in: Apartments
Condominiums
Other multiple occupancy buildings
Efficiency – 80% Each space has individual comfort controls providing tenants complete control over their comfort needs
Thru‐The‐Wall Units
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Commercial 1 TrackUnit 3 – Commercial Heating
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Available in gas heating/electric cooling, heat pump and electric heating/cooling
Easily installed with venting
through side of building
Great for multi‐family
Thru‐The‐Wall Units
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Pro’s: High efficiency units available
Replacement units available for older systems
Occupants heat/cool space as necessary
Con’s: Gas piping and metering to systems
Individual units = more maintenance
Issues with Thru the Wall Units
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Heat Pumps
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Commercial 1 TrackUnit 3 – Commercial Heating
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Device that transfers thermal energy from a heat source to a heat sink
Move thermal energy in a direction which is opposite to the direction of spontaneous heat flow
A heat pump uses energy to accomplish the desired transfer of thermal energy from heat source to heat sink
What is a “Heat Pump”
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Uses ambient air as the Heat Source Can extract enough heat from outside air down to ambient temperatures of approximately 35°F (1.6°C)When ambient temperature drops below that point supplemental heating is required, usually provide by electric strip heat In commercial applications where electric rate contract has a Demand Charge, the use of supplemental electric strip heat can be very expensive
Air‐to‐Air Heat Pump Basics
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Cooling Mode (Regular Air Conditioning)
Indoor CoilInside HouseEvaporator
Reversing ValveIn position A – Cooling Mode
Outdoor CoilOutside HouseCondenser
Metering DeviceExpansion Valve
Compressor
Cool A
ir
Hot A
ir
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Commercial 1 TrackUnit 3 – Commercial Heating
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Heating Mode
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Metering DeviceExpansion Valve
Indoor CoilInside HouseEvaporator
Reversing ValveIn position B – Heating Mode
Outdoor CoilOutside HouseCondenser
Compressor
Hot A
ir
Cool A
ir
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Needs Defrost Cycle to eliminate ice collecting on condenser coils (There is a condenser inside that block of ice)
Compressor runs all year to provide both heating and cooling – more wear and shorter life span
Must run the heat pump longer since the temperature of the air from a heat pump is not as warm as from a gas heat system
Air‐to‐Air Heat Pump Basics
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Simple two‐pipe circulating water loop
Cooling tower, lakes, ground wells reject heat from the water loop
Self‐contained unitary equipment is placed within a building
Boiler provides supplemental heat to the loop tied to individual heat pumps throughout the facility
Water Source Heat Pump Components
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Commercial 1 TrackUnit 3 – Commercial Heating
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Water Source Design
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In multiple unit installations some heat pumps may be operating in a cooling capacity while others are in a heating mode
These systems tend to be very efficient as heat rejected from one side of the building that is cooling can be moved to the other side of the building that is calling for heat
If the water loop temperature drops due to extra heating load, heat is added to the loop via a boiler
Water Source Heat Pump Operation
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Generally speaking the boiler is sized about 25% of the size boiler needed for the building typically, and the gas load is about ½ the typical heating load for a boiler heating system
Water Source Heat Pump Boilers
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Commercial 1 TrackUnit 3 – Commercial Heating
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Natural Gas Heat Pump Options
Absorption system Engine‐driven system
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Quieter than electric heat pumps
Environmentally responsible alternative to high electric costs and demand charges
Provide significant operating cost savings that help offset equipment first costs
Economical – offering payback periods ranging from four to eight years
Natural Gas Heat Pump Advantages
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Available as water‐source and air‐source units
Stable operation down to ‐20°F (‐28.8°C)
Reduces the need of electric power by approximately 87% in comparison with electric compression units
Single phase power requirements
Sized from 5 Tons through custom built units
Absorption Heat Pump Systems
Source: Robur @ www.robur.com
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Commercial 1 TrackUnit 3 – Commercial Heating
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Gas absorption heat pumps are an ultra high‐efficiency natural gas boiler used for both heating and cooling
Traditional gas boiler efficiencies – 80‐88%
The gas absorption heat pump using heat from the air (or water from the ground) provides efficiencies from 140‐149% for heating
Absorption Heat Pump Efficiency
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Available as 8 – 24 ton units
Uses as little as 10% of the electricity of an electric heat pump.
Speed control modulation
Cooling COPs up to 1.23
Heating Efficiency 140%
No Defrost Cycle Needed
Engine Driven Heat Pump Systems
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Boilers forBuilding Heat
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Commercial 1 TrackUnit 3 – Commercial Heating
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Boilers can provide hot water for Radiant Floor Heating
“In floor” radiant heating uses a hot fluid that runs through tubing (often PEX plastic)
Hot water from boiler circulates through system
Heat radiates to space
No air movement
Quiet environment
Hydronic Floor Heating
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Steam & Hot Water Heating Systems
Boilers provide heat to heat exchangers that transfer heat to space
Radiator – Radiates heat to space through natural convection
Fan Coil System – Steam or hot water passes through coil – with fan blowing air across the coils
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Baseboard Style
In Ceiling Fan Coil System
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Heating System Components
In Ceiling Fan Coil Systems
Baseboard Styles
Radiators
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Commercial 1 TrackUnit 3 – Commercial Heating
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Pro’s Soft Heat – no drafts from radiator systems
Long life expectancy
Con’s Water treatment
System maintenance
Floor space requirements
Operational vulnerability – one boiler
Boiler Systems
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Gas Infrared Systems
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What is Infrared Heat?
Infrared (Radiant) Heat is an energy wave generated by a hot source through the vibration of molecules
Energy is absorbed directly by people and objects
Does not depend on heating of the air to heat those people and objects
The Sun – energy is projected over 90 million miles through space to earth at the speed of light
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Commercial 1 TrackUnit 3 – Commercial Heating
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Forced Warm Air Infrared Heating
Warm Air vs. Infrared Heating Systems
conduction
radiation
re‐radiation
warm air
lowintensity
highintensity
unit heater orwarm air furnace
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Types of systems
High intensity units
Low intensity tubular units
Generate radiant energy that is converted into heat when absorbed by objects in its path
20‐50% fuel savings over conventional forced air units
Infrared Natural Gas Heat Systems
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Shorter wave length – visible energy
Higher temperature range
Spot heat potential Indoor & outdoorapplications Transmits heat over greater distances – 12‐40 feet(3.6‐12.2 meters)
High Intensity Infrared Heaters
~ 1600 – 1800°F(~ 871.1 – 982.2°)
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Commercial 1 TrackUnit 3 – Commercial Heating
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Tube heaters with closed combustion burners – non visible (longer wave length) Vented or non‐vented versions Vacuum or pressure tube styles Install 10‐20 feet (3‐6 meters)from objects to be heated
Low Intensity (Tube) Heaters
~ 600 – 800°F (~315.5 – 426.6°C)
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Typical “IR” Applications
Loading Docks
Machine Shops
Aircraft Hangars
Repair Garages
Implement Dealers
Car / Truck Dealers
Maintenance Areas
Indoor Sports Arenas
Hockey, Tennis, etc.
Truck Terminals
Warehouses
Factories
Stadiums
Steel Mills
Gymnasiums
Foundries
Firehouses
Grandstands
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IR Installations
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Combo HeatingSystems
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Water heater that also provides space heat
Boiler for space heating that also makes hot water
Types of Combo Systems
“A highly efficient combination system can reduce water heating and space heating energy use by 15 percent or more compared to a standard water heater and space heating installation”
http://www.builditgreen.org/attachments/wysiwyg/22/Combo‐Systems.pdf
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Typically used in smaller spaces such as apartments
System design and component selection is critical
High efficiency models are available that allow venting of the water heaters through a wall instead of a chimney
Competitive with other conventional options such as heat pumps and electric water heaters
Can use tank or tankless water heater units
Water Heater Combo Systems
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Commercial 1 TrackUnit 3 – Commercial Heating
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Boiler has a small water coil typically above the combustion chamber. As the boiler runs hot water is produced.
Boiler Combo Systems
Source: GAMA
Hot water from the boiler used to provide space heat through hydronic / radiator system.
Hot water also sent to indirect storage tank, with internal coils to transfer heat from the boiler water to the domestic hot water.
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Thermostats andReset Controls
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Choice of battery‐powered or hardwired with battery back‐up
Meets ENERGY STAR® specifications
For small commercial installations – thermostats look and operate much like residential thermostats
Universal – choice of 7 day, 5/1/1 or 5/2 day programmable or non‐programmable versions
Programmable fan
Optional remote sensing of indoor/outdoor temps and humidity
Automatic daylight savings option
Programmable Thermostats
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Commercial 1 TrackUnit 3 – Commercial Heating
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Computerized Control Systems Programmable Controllers Sensors Wired & Wireless Options Monitoring, Reporting and Analysis Programs Temperature, Humidity and CO2 monitoring & control
Medium to Large Commercial Controls
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Commercial Controls Can Offer
Floorplan Views
Operations Analysis
System Monitoring Capability
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Have two temperature sensors – one outside the building and one in the boiler water
As outdoor temperature fluctuates, the controller adjusts the water temperature setting to the lowest setting needed to meet the heating demand based on programming
Limits exist in the controls to keep the boiler from operating outside of its safe performance range
Save 1% of energy consumption for every 4°F
(‐15.5°C) of reduction in boiler water temperature
Reset Controllers
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Commercial 1 TrackUnit 3 – Commercial Heating
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Associations andResources
Numerous Trade Associations and web resources are available to assist and provide you additional information and resources
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ESC – Commercial Buildings Consortium
Located in Washington, DC
Consortium of utility companies interested in the promotion of products & technologies for the commercial building marketplace
www.ESCenter.org
Associations & Resources
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DOE – U.S. Department of Energy
Located in Washington, DC
Federal Energy Management Program
www1.eere.energy.gov/femp
Associations & Resources
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ASHRAE ‐ American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air‐Conditioning Engineers –Atlanta, GA
Advances heating, ventilation, air conditioning and refrigeration through research, standards writing, publishing and continuing education
Membership – 51,000
www.ashrae.org
Associations & Resources
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Equipment Manufacturers
APPENDIX
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Manufacturer Contact Information
Forced W
arm Air Systems
Mak
e‐U
p Air Systems
Unit Heaters
PTACs
Thru‐The‐W
all
Heat Pumps
Boilers ‐Hydro
nic
Systems
Infrared
Combo Heaters
Therm
ostats & Controllers
Manufacturer Web Link
X Advanced Radiant Systems www.advradsys.com
X AmbiRad www.ambirad.com
X Burnham www.burnhamcommercial.com
X Cambridge Engineering www.cambridge‐eng.com
X X Carrier www.carrier.com
X Cleaver Brooks www.cleaver‐brooks.com
X Daikin www.daikin.com
X X Dayton (through Grainger) www.grainger.com/tps/hvacr_dayton_unit_heaters.pdf
X Detroit Radiant www.reverberray.com
X Dettson www.dettson.ca
X Enerco www.enerco.com
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© Energy Solutions Center Inc.No portion of this material may be reproduced without the expressed written consent of the Energy Solutions Center Inc.
30
Commercial 1 TrackUnit 3 – Commercial Heating
88© Energy Solutions Center Inc. – All Rights Reserved
Forced
Warm
Air Systems
Make
‐Up Air Systems
Unit Heaters
PTACs
Thru‐The‐Wall
Hea
t Pumps
Boile
rs ‐Hyd
ronicSystem
s
Infrared
Combo Hea
ters
Thermostats &
Controllers
Manufacturer Web Link
X Energy Concepts www.energy‐concepts.com
X Engineered Air www.engineeredair.com
X Fostoria Industries www.fostoriaindustries.com
X Hastings www.hastingshvac.com
X Heat‐Timer www.heat‐timer.com
X Honeywell www.customer.honeywell.com
X ICE Manufacturing www.ice‐ww.com
X IntelliChoice Energy www.nextaire.com/products
X IslandAire www.islandaire.com
X X Johnson Controls www.johnsoncontrols.com
X X Lennox Industries www.lennoxcommercial.com
X M‐Trigen www.mtrigen.com
X Magic‐Pak www.magic‐pak.com
89© Energy Solutions Center Inc. – All Rights Reserved
Forced W
arm Air Systems
Mak
e‐U
p Air Systems
Unit Heaters
PTACs
Thru‐The‐W
all
Heat Pumps
Boilers ‐Hydro
nic
Systems
Infrared
Combo Heaters
Therm
ostats & Controllers
Manufacturer Web Link
X X Marathon International www.wallhungboilers.ca
X X X X X X Modine www.modinehvac.com
X Munters www.munters.com
X Navien www.NavienAmerica.com
X Panasonic / Sanyo www.sanyoair.com
X Panelbloc www.panelbloc.com
X X Peerless www.peerlessboilers.com
X Ray‐Pak (a Rheem Company) www.raypak.com
X Red‐Ray www.red‐ray.com
X X X Reznor www.rezspec.com
X X X Rheem www.rheem.com
X Rinnai www.rinnai.us
X X Roberts Gordon www.rg‐inc.com
90© Energy Solutions Center Inc. – All Rights Reserved
Forced W
arm Air Systems
Mak
e‐U
p Air Systems
Unit Heaters
PTACs
Thru‐The‐W
all
Heat Pumps
Boilers ‐Hydro
nic
Systems
Infrared
Combo Heaters
Therm
ostats & Controllers
Manufacturer Web Link
X Robur www.robur.com
X Schwank www.schwankusa.com
X Skymark (Johnson) www.usair‐eng.com
X Solaronics www.solaronicsusa.com
X Space Ray www.spaceray.com
X X Suburban www.suburbanmanufacturing.com
X Superior Radiant www.superiorradiant.com
X Tekmar www.tekmarcontrols.com
X X X X Trane www.trane.com
X X Williams Corp www.williamsapplied.com
X Yanmar www.yanmar.com
X York www.york.com
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© Energy Solutions Center Inc.No portion of this material may be reproduced without the expressed written consent of the Energy Solutions Center Inc.
31
Commercial 1 TrackUnit 3 – Commercial Heating
© Energy Solutions Center Inc. – All Rights Reserved
Thank you …
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