7517 Principles of Sustainable Resource ManagementUnit 210 Understand the reasons and targets for recycling

Outcomes for the unit

Understand the reasons for recycling Understand the targets for recycling Understand the government targets for recycling

Understanding the reasons for recycling... Purpose?

Environmental protection Less material going to landfill, greenhouse gases etc

Directives from government Emphasis on diverting waste from landfill Protecting the environment

EU directives Landfill directive (unit 205), global issues on the

environment

Collection Improve the collection rates

to avoid costly fines Landfill tax LATS (Landfill allowance

trading scheme)

Processing

Improve efficiency Meet the requirements

of the shift pattern Improved quality More profitable

Waste Strategy 2000 & 2007 Highlighted areas for

improvement, target rates for a short and long term approach

Aim at particular issues within the waste collection industry

Target Material types: Packaging

Targets to reduce 400,000 tonnes of packaging by 2017

Waste reduction Eco-design Reduce excess

packaging

Paper Less paper waste

Food and green waste Support anaerobic digestion

Plastics and aluminium Higher packaging recycling rates,

to include more recyclable materials

1 tonne of recycled aluminium saves 11 tonnes Co2

ExerciseGroup 1 Research the Waste Strategy 2007 and give a brief

outline of the content and targets set for England. (defra)Group 2 Research LATS (landfill Allowance Trading Scheme)Group 3 Research landfill tax Local authority rates for Rossendale, and compare it to

councils in the local area (letsrecycle.com)

Waste Strategy 2007producers will have to make products using more recycled materials and less newly extracted raw materials. They will have to design products that are less wasteful and take responsibility for the environmental impact of their products throughout their life;retailers will have to reduce packaging, source and market products that are less wasteful,and help their consumers to be less wasteful;consumers – both business and individual households – will have the opportunity to reduce their own waste, purchase products and services that generate less waste and reduceenvironmental impacts, and separate their waste for recycling;local authorities will have to commission or provide convenient recycling services for theirresidents and commercial customers and advice and information on how to reduce waste.They will also have to work with their communities to plan and invest in new collection andreprocessing facilities; andthe waste management industry will have to invest in facilities to recycle and recoverwaste, and provide convenient waste services to their customers to recycle and recover theirwaste.

Waste Strategy 2007 Target to reduce the amount of household waste not re-used, recycled or

composted from over 22.2 million tonnes in 2000 by 29% to 15.8 million tonnes in 2010 with an aspiration to reduce it to 12.2 million tonnes in 2020 – a reduction of 45%.

This is equivalent to a fall of 50% per person (from 450 kg Per person in 2000 to 225 kg in 2020). Recycling and composting of household waste – at least

40% by 2010 45% by 2015 50% by 2020

• recovery of municipal waste – 53% by 2010, 67% by 2015 and 75% by 2020.

Annual Statistics – 2010/11 Household recycling has increased

The proportion of household waste sent for recycling, composting or reuse between April 2010 to March 2011 in England was 41.5 per cent, increasing from 39.7 per cent in the year April 2009 and March 2010.

Household waste production has decreased The generation of household waste continued to decrease between the financial years 2009/10 and 2010/11, with a 0.9 per cent reduction to 23.5 million tonnes

Waste generation per person has decreased The weight of household waste generated in the year April 2010 to March 2011 in England, in kilograms per person, was 449 kg per person. Of this total, 186 kg was recycled, composted or reused whilst 263 kg was not.

Local authority collected waste sent to landfill has declined The tonnage of local authority collected waste being sent to landfill by local authorities has decreased by 8.8 per cent between the financial years 2009/10 and 2010/11 to 11.4 million tonnes.

Landfill Allowance Trading Scheme (LATS)

This is an innovative scheme aimed at helping waste disposal authorities to reduce the amount of biodegradable municipal waste (BMW) sent to landfill.

Local authorities have an allowance to cover their BMW If they don’t use it, can sell it or trade it with other

authorities who need the extra capacity Can use up to 5% of next years allowance Fined £150 per tonne of BMW over allowance by gov Coming to an end in 2013

Landfill Tax Landfill Tax is a tax on the disposal of waste. It

aims to encourage waste producers to produce less waste, recover more value from waste, for example through recycling or composting and to use more environmentally friendly methods of waste disposal.

2 rates, one for active waste (BMW) and lower rate for inert/inactive materials (natural materials) as they are less pollutive

Date of change Standard rate(£ per tonne)

Lower rate(£ per tonne)

01.04.05 18 2

01.04.06 21 2

01.04.07 24 2

01.04.08 32 2.50

01.04.09 40 2.50

01.04.10 48 2.50

01.04.11 56 2.50

01.04.12 64 2.50

01.04.13 72 2.50

01.04.14 80 2.50

Local Authority Recycling Rates**rounded to nearest %

Authority 2007/08

2008/09

2009/10

2010/11

BWDBC 34% 41% 43% 45%

Pendle 34% 35% 35% 38%

Rossendale 34% 38% 36% 35%

Hyndburn 36% 36% 35% 35%

Burnley 33% 33% 34% 34%

Bury Metro 26% 27% 28% 24%