Unit 2 The Human Body and Nutrition
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Transcript of Unit 2 The Human Body and Nutrition
WHAT DO WE NEED TO FUNCTION?
WHAT DO WE NEED TO FUNCTION ?
THE ROLE OF NUTRITION:
NUTRIENTS OXYGEN
COVERTED INTO ENERGY
THE BODY EXPULSE WASTE SUBSTANCES
HOW OUR FOUR SYSTEMS WORK TOGETHER ?
THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
THE EXCRETORY SYSTEM
THE DIGESTED SYSTEM
DIGESTION
EXCRETION
Preparation and elimination the waste substance.
ABSORPTION
Nutrients pass to the blood through villi and capillaries. DIGESTION
Transform food into nutrients.
THE DIGESTED PROCESS: 1º Digestion begins in your mouth. The teeth breaks down
the food and your tongue mixes it with the saliva from your salivary glands. This mixture is called bolus.
THE DIGESTED PROCESS: 2º Next, the bolus travel down the pharynx and the
oesophagus and into the stomach.
THE DIGESTED PROCESS: 3º Once in the stomach, the gastric juices breaks down the
food and form a paste called chyme.
THE DIGESTED PROCESS: 4º In the small intestine, chyme mixes with other juices
from the pancreas, liver and small intestine itself to form chyle.
THE DIGESTED PROCESS: 6º The bad nutrients is called waste substances travel
through large intestine and it´s expelled through the anus.
RESPIRATION
GAS EXCHAGEYou have alveoli, it´s here that gas exchange occurs.
2 MOVEMENTS OF PULMONARY RESPIRATION
Inspiration Expiration TWO PROCESSES INVOLVED IN RESPIRATION :
Pulmonary respiration Gas exchange
THE RESPIRATORY PROCESS: 1º The respiratory process begins in your nose. Air enters
the body through nostrils.
THE RESPIRATORY PROCESS: 2º The air travels down through the larynx, the windpipe, the bronchi and the bronchioles, and finally reaches the
lungs.
THE HEART
HOW YOUR BLOOD MOVES AROUND YOUR BODY: Pulmonary circulation General circulation
THE HEART PUSH BLOOD AROUND THE BODY THROUGH BEATING:
Systole contracts. Diastole relaxes.THE HEART IS MUSCULAR ORGAN WITH 4 CHAMBERS:
2 Atria: left and right. 2 Ventricles: left and right.
CIRCULATION
3 TYPES OF BLOOD VESSELS : VEINS CAPILLARIES ARTERIES
3 TYPES OF BLOOD CELLS :
RED BLOOD CELLS PLATELETS WHITE BLOOD CELLSPLASMA
Is the fluid which your blood cells float in.
BLOOD COMPONENTS
PLATELETS: It´s function is to heal wounds and form clots.
WHITE BLOOD CELLS:
Defend your body from viruses and bacteria.RED BLOOD CELLS:
Transport oxygen and nutrients.
EXCRETION
SWEAT GLANDSSweat is a mixture of water and waste substances.
THE PARTS OF THE EXCRETORY SYSTEM :
1º Kidneys 2º Ureters 3º Bladder 4º UrethraCONSISTS OF THE URINARY SYSTEM AND SWEAT GLANDS
Filtered waste substances Expulse sweat out of our body