Unit 1

Grammar

Overview of tenses1:present tenses Present tenses are used to

talk about the present time. These tenses include:

simple present present continuous present perfect present perfect continuous

we use the simple present tense to talk about things that:

1.I am at a comedy show. 2.The sun rises in the east.

3.The Academy Award show is on television every year.

4.Every time a prop comedian tells a joke, he or she uses a thing, called a prop.

are true now or are always true.

occur regularly

1 这里很少下雪2 他喜爱体育运动3 太阳从东方升起4 他总是乐于助人

1.It seldom snows here.

2. He loves sports.

3.The sun rises in the east.

4.He is always ready to help others.

Time marker: usually; always; seldom; often; sometimes; frequently; every day; every week; on sundays

Note 1:1.He is always making trouble.2.He is constantly leaving his things about.3.You are always changing your mind.

Eg. 他总是想着别人He is always thinking of others.

Note 21.It’ll be a long time before we ______(meet) again.2.Even if it ______(rain) tomorrow, we’ll go.3.I’ll call on you unless it ______(rain) tomorrow.4.I’ll stay with you so long as there_______(be) is a room free.

meetrains

rainsis

在时间，条件，让步 , 方式状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时，现在完成时，代替将来完成时 eg. 公共汽车未停稳，别下车。

Don’t get off the bus until it has stopped.

Note 31.The plane takes off at 10 a.m.tomorrow.2.We leave for Beijing next week.3.The film starts at 7 p.m. this evening4.My birthday is in two week’s time.

表按照安排，计划或时刻表，用一般现在时代替一般将来时

Eg. 早班车 7 点The early bus leaves at 7 a.m.

Note 4

1.Look! Here comes the bus!2.There goes the bell!

在 here/there 引导的倒装句中， 用一般现在时代替现在进行时

1.= The bus is coming here.

2.=The bell is ringing

We use the present continuous tense to talk about actions that:

1.are happening or in progress now.

are being planned now, but will happen in the future.

2.happen repeatedly, used with always, usually with a negative connotation.

3.You look lovely when you are smiling.

1 看！猴子正在爬树。2 你的学习进展如何？3 你笑时很可爱

1.Look! The monkey is climbing the tree.

2.How are you getting on with your study?

---time marker:

now; right now; at present; at the present time; for the moment; these days/years

Note 11.How many of you are coming to the party tonight?2.A foreigner is giving a lecture in English this afternoon.

1 表位置移动的动词可用进行时表将来时。

2 表预计将要发生的事情也可用进行时表将来时

We use the present perfect tense to talk about how the past and present are connected. We use it for:

1. experiences that are repeated. 2.things that happened in the

past, but have an effect on the present .

3.things that started in the past and are still happening now.

1. experiences that are repeated ① He has hosted the show eight times. ② Bill Crystal has been in many films

and television shows. 2. things that happened in the

past, but have an effect on the present

① Doctors have found that people who laugh a lot live longer!

② Some stand-up comedians have became famous as television and film actors later on in life .

3. things that started in the past and are still happening now.

① People have always enjoyed laughing .

② Comedians have always told jokes and performed comic acts.

time marker: ----already; never; ever; just; before; recently; lately; yet; so far; by now; up till now; up to the present; for; all the time; since;several timesSentence structuresIt’s the first/second…time that+ 现在完成时这是我第三次给你们讲这个语法点

It’s the third time that I have explained the language point.

=I have explained the language points three times so far.

1.In the past there _________(be) no trees in or around the village.

2.In the past three weeks, I ___________ (not see) him.

were

haven’t seen

3. 我读完这本书后将给出我的观点I’ll give my opinion after I have finished reading the book.

Correct the following sentences:

1. He has arrived in China for 5 years.

been ￣↘

2.He has joined the army for 5 years.￣↘

been in

Can you tell me the tenses of the next two sentences?

1. Doctors have been researching that question.

2.The curtains finally open—the audience have been waiting an hour for the show.

We use the present perfect continuous tense to talk about actions that started in the past, have lasted up to now and will probably continue to happen.

Finish the sentences by writing the correct forms of tenses.

1.I will tell her when he ______(come) tomorrow.

2.She ___________(measure) the hall. ( 她正在测量大厅 ) 3.I ____________ (not finish) reading the boo

k yet, so I can’t return it to the library. 4.The earth ______(move) round the sun.

comes

is measuring

haven’t finished

moves

5. In the future I shall do as she ______.(say)

6.She was sleepless many nights. She __________(be) very tired and can’t concentrate at all. So she decides to go to see the doctor.

7.As the city ___________ (have) many entertaining places to go, we treated the foreign friends to some real Chinese food.

says

has been

does not have

8.Ma Ling ________(live) in Shanghai, but she ___________(live) in Beijing at the moment.9.A big department store _________ (stand) in the centre of the town. A girl __________(stand) at the gate of the store.10.I _________(leave) for Shanghai this Monday. My plane________(leave) at 9 in the morning.11.I ____________(always have) a cup of coffee in the morning, but I _________________ (always forget) to wash the cup afterwards.

livesis living

standsis standing

am leaving

leavesalways have

am always forgetting