Grammar and usageOverview of tenses 1

present tenses1st period

Warming up:

• What do you often do in your vacation?

• Do you like travel?• Have you ever traveled abroad?• Which of the following tourist

attractions is your first choice if given a chance?

• I have been to the Moon Lake. It is in the west of China.

I went there last August. If you go there, the Moon Lake will find you happy and excited. However, the Moon Lake is becoming smaller

and smaller. I’m sure the government will take measures to protect it. In fact, many

people have been working on it.

The Statue of Liberty was given to America by France. It is said planes are flying around to protect it. It is a symbol of Freedom.It has been there for more than 200 years.My cousin has been expecting a chanceto go there.

In which city can you see the Statue of Liberty?A. Los Angles.B. New York.C. Washington D.C.

Free talk:

Try to use present tenses.

Free talk:

Try to use present tenses.

Describe what you are watching, using present tenses.

II. 现在时态基本形式时态 主动

一般现在时 am/is/are; do/does

现在进行时 be (am/is/are) doing

现在完成时 have/has done

现在完成进行时

have/has been doing

II. 现在时态基本形式时态 被动

一般现在时 am/is/are done

现在进行时 am/is/are being done

现在完成时 have/has been done

现在完成进行时

/

the simple present tense:

• I am at a comedy show.

• The sun rises in the east.

…to talk about things that are true now or always true.

• The Academy Awards show is on television every year.

• Every time a prop comedian tells a joke, he or she uses a thing, called a prop.

…to talk about things that occur regularly.

• 1. My mother loves classical music.

• 2. My father visits his

parents once a week.

• 3. When I was very young, my granny told me the earth is round and most rivers flow into seas and oceans.

• 4. Now I major in geography.

a. 现在情况

b. 静态动词

c. 客观真理

d. 经常发生

Please match:

Further study:• Smith passes to Darvency, Davency to Bar

nes, Barnes to Lucas---and Harriet intercepts…Harriet to Simons, nice ball---and Smith shoots.

• First I put some butter into a frying pan and light the gas; then, while the butter is melting, I break three eggs into the bowl, like this. （演示说明）

（运动解说）

• In the film Gold Rush, Chaplin and his friends are trapped in the snowstorm. He enjoys every mouthful of the leather shoe as if it is the most delicious meal he has ever had.

• ---How do I get to the station? ---You go straight to the traffic lights, then turn right.

（剧情介绍）

（用来指引道路）

• Make sure everyone is given a chance to sing on the stage.

• Bank Robbery: Robbers take $ 100,000.

某些特定结构中，一般现在时表示将来发生的动作；在报纸标题中，用一般现在时表示过去发生的动作。

Focus on:• The exhibition ______on May 1st and

______ at the end of June. (open; close)

• The plane _________at 11:30 and ________ in Shanghai at 1:20.(take off; arrive)

• ______there a film on tonight? (be)在口语中，一般现在时常可表示按规定、时间表、计划或安排要发生的事情，常有一个表示未来的时间状语。

openscloses

takes offarrives

Is

• I’ll give her the notebook____________.

• Tell me_________________________.

• He will keep the work ______________ ________.

在时间状语从句中、条件状语从句中、让步状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来发生的动作或状态。

当她来时when she comes

万一你有麻烦in case you get into difficulty

不管发生什么 no matter what happens

• She is out of danger now.

• How are you today?

• They are busy at the moment.

• They normally get up at six.

• Generally he watches TV for two hours in the evening.

• They pay me weekly.

常常和一般现在时一道用的

副词和状语

Translation:• 我叔叔从不来看我们。• My uncle never visits us. • 这儿很少下雪。• It seldom snows here.• 你老师给你们测验吗？• Does the teacher ever give you tests?

Story-telling:

once in a while; now and then;nowadays; currently;at present; as a rule;seldom; ever rarely; these days…

10---Excellent.9---Wonderful.8---Very good.7---O.K.6---Not bad.

Use the following as many as possible.（ the simple present tense ）

the present continuous tense:

• The audience is laughing at the joke.

• I don’t understand why I am not losing weight.

…to talk about actions that are happeningor in progress now.

• The Comedy Club is giving a lecture about stand-up next month.

• They are going to the Academy Awards show in February.

…to talk about actions that are being planned , but will happen in the future.

• You are always making the same mistakes!

• Sue is always changing her mind.

…to talk about actions that happen repeatedly, used with always, usually with a negative connotation( 涵义 ).

Further study:

• She is always doing fine work at school.

• Jane is always thinking of her work.

…to talk about actions that happen repeatedly, used with always, with apositive connotation( 涵义 ).

Further study:

• How are you getting on with the work?

• You are making good progress.

• Are you staying in a hotel?

• I’m studying at an evening school.

常用于现在进行时

现阶段正发生的事，不一定说话时在进行

Further study:

• Who is going to cook the meal?

• Don’t mention this when you are talking about this problem.

• If she is still waiting there when you see her, tell her to go home.

• While you are traveling there, you must visit these places.

常用表示将来发生的事

Further study:

• I’m driving along a country road and I’m completely lost. Then I see this old fellow. He is leaning against a gate. I stop the car and ask him the way.

现在进行时 --- 提供了一个背景；一般现在时 --- 把情节往前推进。

Further study:• MacFee passes to Franklin. Franklin makes a

quick pass to Booth. Booth is away with his ball, but he is losing the advantage.

• The professor is typing his own letters while his secretary is ill.

• (The) College Team (Is) Training for (the) Next Game.

解说词

暂时情况

新闻标题

Comparison:• The idea sounds great.• Why is the driver sounding his horn? see• I _____what you mean. • He _________the doctor now. smell• The roses _______nice.• I ___________ the roses now.

seeis seeing

smellam smelling

Mistake-correcting (where necessary):

• What are you thinking about?

• What are you thinking of the film?

• What are you looking for?

• You’re looking quite well.

• Which judge is hearing the case?

• She doesn’t hear very well.

• We are having a discussion.

• Are you have any questions?

do you think

look

Do

√

√

√√√

Fill in the blanks:

• People _________on the beach.• The city _____on the coast.• He __________ on a rock.• His statue _______ in the city square.• My father ________the parts together.• The dress _____ my mother perfectly.• The wine _______ good.• I _________ the wine.

lie; stand; fit; taste

are lyinglies

is standingstands

is fittingfitstastes

am tasting

Using the present tense/ the present continuous tense:

Translation:

• John is nodding his head. • He is jumping up and down.• He is being terribly friendly to us.

• The train is arriving.• The Boeing 747 is arriving.• The old man is dying.

他频频点头。他上下地跳着。他对我们表现得友好之极。

火车即将到达。那架波音 747 即将起飞。老人病已垂危。

the present perfect tense:

• He has hosted the show eight times.

• Billy Crystal has been in many films and television shows.

…to talk about experiences that arerepeated.

• Doctors have found that people who laugh a lot live longer!

• Some stand-up comedians have become famous as television and film actors later on in life.

…to talk about things that happened inthe past, but have an effect on the present.

• People have always enjoyed laughing.

• Comedians have always told jokes and performed comic acts.

…to talk about things that started in the past and are still happening now.

Focus on:

have gone / have been

• Tonny _________abroad to continue his studies.

• His girl friend _________abroad many times to see him.

has gone

has been

Focus on:

since /when/if

We __________in England since I was a child.

It _____ just a week since I met him.

I’ll write to him when I _____________the book.

If she __________to bed when you see her, tell her to give me a ring.

have lived

ishave finished

hasn’t gone

live

befinish

not go

Focus on:

this morning/afternoon/season… • I haven’t seen Tom this morning.• I didn’t see Tom this morning.• We have visited a lot of places this

summer.• We visited a lot of places this summer.

Focus on:

time

• It’s the first time she has driven a car.

• That’s the third time he has phoned her this morning.

• It’s the first gold medal I’ve had for ages.

• already ever for just lately never recently since yet how long

和现在完成时一道用的时间

状语

10---Excellent.9---Wonderful.8---Very good.7---O.K.6---Not bad.

Use the following as many as possible.

Story-telling:

the present perfect continuous tense:

• Doctors have been researching that question.

• The curtains finally open---the audience have been waiting an hour for the show to start.

…to talk about actions that started in the past, have lasted up to now and will probably continue to happen.

Further study:

• Jim has been phoning Jenny every night for the past week.

• They have been meeting together weekly for two years.

在持续的一段时间内动作多次重复

Further study:• Why are your clothes so dirty? What have

you been doing?

• There you are! I’ve been waiting for an hour.

• She is very tired. She has been working all morning.

动作和现在的状况有联系

Further study:

• How long has she been reading the book?

• He has been watching English all day.

常与 long/how long/all 连用

Practice:

• 谁在喝我的酒？• 谁喝了我的酒？

Who has been drinking my wine?Who has drunk my wine?

Practice:

• 不累啊？你已跳了三个小时啦！

Aren’t you tired ？ You have been jumping for three hours.

Practice:• I ___________( 认识 )him for many years.

• They ____________________( 结婚 ) for twenty years.

• All these years we _______________( 设法 ) to get in touch with you.

• All along we ___________________ ( 考虑 )coming to see you.

have knownhave been married

have been trying

have been thinking of

• A&B on page 9.• C1& C2 on page 102 in Workbook.

• Write a passage based on what you’re watching.