Unit 1 Chapter 1: New World Beginnings 33,000 BCE - 1769 CE AP US Hamer September 7, 2011.
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Transcript of Unit 1 Chapter 1: New World Beginnings 33,000 BCE - 1769 CE AP US Hamer September 7, 2011.
Unit 1 Chapter 1:New World Beginnings 33,000 BCE - 1769 CE
AP US
Hamer
September 7, 2011
Points to Cover (write these down!)
• Who were the Native Americans?
• Why did Europeans sail across the oceans? And why did they continue to explore the Americas?
• How were the Europeans able to dominate so much of the Americas so quickly?
• What were the differences between Spanish and French attitudes towards the Americas?
1. The Beginning
Many scientists believe that ancient humans crossed the land bridge from Siberia to Alaska and then proceeded
south to settle in the Americas
2. Native American Cultures
• Based on surroundings for food and shelter• Some major civilizations: Anasazi, Cahokia (Mound
Builders of Ohio), Cherokee, Incas, Aztec, Maya
2a. Pueblo
2b. Cahokia
2c. Three Sisters
2d. First Encounters
• The Spanish first encountered the Incas, Aztecs, and the remains of the Mayans
3. Why did Europeans Travel?• Trade with the East, which was
controlled by Italy so Spain and Portugal
tried other ways to get there.
4. How could Europeans Travel?
• Mariner’sAstrolabe
• Renaissance = Printing Press = Information
• Caravel
• Mariner’s Compass
5. Columbus - 1492
6. Treaty of Tordesillas 1494
Spain
Portugal
7. Cortes and the Aztecs 1519-1522
8. Pizarro and the Incas 1531-1532
Incan Road System
AtahualpaPizarro
9. How were the Europeans Able to Dominate so Quickly?
• Horses
• Steel
• Guns
• Germs
Document 3 – Indian population charts will help you see the rate of decline among the native populations
10a. Spanish Colonization
• Goal: Colonization– Sent men to establish outposts and cities– Intermarried with native population
• Goal Change: from military conquest to Catholicization (around 1598 with Onate’s journey to NM)
– One example is missions in California
• Results:– Spanish imposed their laws, religion, and culture on
the area + reduced resistance (mostly)
10b. French Involvement
• Goal: Find NW Passage– Verrazano and Cartier into Canada– #goalfail
• Goal: Colonize Canada– Quebec – poor relationship with Indians or issues
with Spanish stopped this
• Goal: Fur Trade– Success! Based on fairness in trading– Allowed re-colonization of Quebec by Champlain
and his alliance with local tribes
10c. Differences in Exploration and Colonization
• Spanish wanted to colonize
• French wanted trade - few colonies