Unit 0 the elements of a civilization

UNIT 0The elements of a civilization

4th graders

(ESO)

Social Studies

Department

Almudena Corrales Marbán


VOCABULARYCIVILIZATION

GOVERN

ECONOMY

CULTURE

CHRONOLOGY

HISTORICAL PERIOD

CITIZEN

FEUDAL

MIDDLE AGES

PRIVILEDGE

PEASANTRY

CUSTOM

ACHIEVEMENT

https://quizlet.com/almusociales


1. WHAT IS A CIVILISATION?History is the study of human civilisations that have existed in the past, such

as Ancient Egypt, Classical Greece or the Roman Empire.

A civilization is a human society that exists in a particular time and place,

with a complex organisation which includes political, economic andd social

and cultural elements. The specific nature of these elements and their

organisation make each civilisation unique.


What are the elements of a civilisation?


2. CHRONOLOGY

The chronology of a civilisation refers to its location in time, shown in years,

decades, centuries or historical periods. To establish a chronology we need to

determine the order in which important events happened.

A timeline is a graphic representation of a chronology. Timelines can indicate

the major events of an entire civilisation, a specific historical period of a

perticular process.


2.1. Before and After Christ

In their chronologies, historiand often use the birth of Christ as an important

point of reference.

• Years before Christ’s birth are indicate by the letters B.C. (Before Christ)

or BCE (Before the Commion Era)

• Years after his birth are indicated by the letters A.D. (Anno Domini-’the

year of our Lord’ in Latin) or CE (Common Era)


2.2. Making a timeline The beginning and end dates for the entire timeline

The major periods into which we can divide the timeline

The dates of important events, such as the start of a new government, a

battle or the approval of a new law.

The distance between the events on a timeline should be proportional to the

amount of time that passed between them..


Timeline of Ancient Greece


Make a timeline of the historical periods from the first human beings until nowadays


3. GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION

The geographical location of a civilisation refers to the regions or continents

where it develops. We can represent this development geographically with a

historical map that provides information about.

Politics

Economy

Society

Culture


All maps should have a KEY that explains any symbols used, such as:

• Lines (border, roads, trade routes)

• Colours (to identify differnt regions)

• Dots or starts (for towns and cities)

• Arrows (for movements, such as migration)

• Swords or cannons (for battles)


THE RECONQUEST

http://research-islam.blogspot.com.es/2013/04/the-transmission-of-grco-arabic-science.html

Compass

Graphic scale


4. POLITICS

Politics refers to the government of a country or area, and especially the

relationship between groups that have power.

The state is a structure that exercises three types of power, usually though three

branches of government.

LESGISLATIVE

EXECUTIVE

JUDICIAL


In many countries, government is divided into two parts.

• Central government controls activities that affect all the inhabitants of

the country

• Regional and local government control activities that affect people in

a specific region, province or municipality of the country.

Types of government

1. MONARCHY - a monarch (either a king or queen) controls a kingdom.

2. EMPIRE- in an empire, an emperor o empress controls a state or a group of

states.

3. REPUBLIC- Iin a republic, a president is the highest authority of the state.


We can also classify governments into two groups, depending on the

distribution of the state’s powers.

• In a dictatorship, one person, known as a director, has all the power

• In a democracy, the power belongs to the citizens of the state, who

vote for political representatives in elections.


5. THE ECONOMY

The economy of a society refers to the management of its resources, production

and commercial activities. A country or region’s economic activities are normally

divided into three different sectors

Oxford Education. History 4


We can classify economies into different types. The two more general types

are:

1. CLOSED OR SUBSISTENCE ECONOMY

Population depends on resources, goods and services that are

provided by its own members. There is little or no trade. This type of

economy was typical in feudal societies.

2. OPEN ECONOMY

Population exchanges resources , goods and services with people

from other regions. Ancient Rome had a very open economy.


6. SOCIETY

SECOND STATE

FIRST STATE

THIRD STATE

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7. CULTURECulture refers to a society’s beliefs, customs and knowledge, as well as its

artistic, literacy, scientific and technological achievements.

As a result of this, culture refers a people’s way of life, attitudes and values. In

addition, it also demostrates how a society thinks about and explains the world

around it.

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Unit 0 the elements of a civilization

Education

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