Union on the Edge of Union on the Edge of WarWar

Chapter 10Chapter 10

New LegislationNew Legislation►Fugitive Slave Act – runaway slaves Fugitive Slave Act – runaway slaves

must be returnedmust be returned No trial by juryNo trial by jury

►Personal Liberty Laws – northern law Personal Liberty Laws – northern law which gave runaway slaves some which gave runaway slaves some rightsrights

QuoteQuote► ““The colored men’s rights are less than those of The colored men’s rights are less than those of

a jackass. No man can take away a jackass a jackass. No man can take away a jackass without submitting a matter to twelve men in without submitting a matter to twelve men in any part of this country. A black man may be any part of this country. A black man may be carried away without any reference to a jury. It is carried away without any reference to a jury. It is only necessary to claim him and that some only necessary to claim him and that some villain shall swear to his identity. There is more villain shall swear to his identity. There is more protection there for a horse, for a donkey, or protection there for a horse, for a donkey, or anything, rather than a colored man.”anything, rather than a colored man.”- Fredrick Douglas- Fredrick Douglas

►Question: What does this quote say to you Question: What does this quote say to you about how African-Americans were about how African-Americans were treated?treated?

The Fight BackThe Fight Back►Underground RailroadUnderground Railroad – Harriet – Harriet

TubmanTubman A system of hidden trails, landmarks and A system of hidden trails, landmarks and

safe-houses that led to the northsafe-houses that led to the north 300 slaves freed 300 slaves freed

►““Uncle Tom’s Cabin” by Harriet Uncle Tom’s Cabin” by Harriet Beecher StoweBeecher Stowe A novel that opened the eyes of the A novel that opened the eyes of the

country to the horrors of slaverycountry to the horrors of slavery

KansasKansas►Kansas-Nebraska Act opened most of the Kansas-Nebraska Act opened most of the

west to slaverywest to slavery►Bleeding KansasBleeding Kansas

Protests, Riots and Violence over slaveryProtests, Riots and Violence over slavery John Brown – “God called him to fight John Brown – “God called him to fight

slavery”slavery” Over 200 killedOver 200 killed

►Violence in the SenateViolence in the Senate Senator Charles Sumner beaten with a cane Senator Charles Sumner beaten with a cane

by Senator Preston S. Brooks by Senator Preston S. Brooks

New Political PartiesNew Political Parties►Republican – opposed slaveryRepublican – opposed slavery►Democrat – states rights, divided on Democrat – states rights, divided on

slaveryslavery►Whig – pro business, divided on Whig – pro business, divided on

slaveryslavery►Know Nothing – Anti-immigrationKnow Nothing – Anti-immigration►Free-Soil – anti-expansion of slaveryFree-Soil – anti-expansion of slavery

Dred ScottDred Scott►Slave who was taken to the north by his Slave who was taken to the north by his

ownerowner►Taken back to the south where his owner Taken back to the south where his owner

dieddied► Is he free?Is he free?►Supreme Court – No, he is not free and Supreme Court – No, he is not free and

congress can not forbid slavery in the congress can not forbid slavery in the territories.territories.

Lincoln vs. DouglasLincoln vs. Douglas► RepublicanRepublican► AbolitionistAbolitionist► Felt slavery was a Felt slavery was a

labor system built labor system built on greedon greed

► Lost election but Lost election but gained respectgained respect

►DemocratDemocrat► In the middle on In the middle on

slaveryslavery► Felt it should be up Felt it should be up

to the states to to the states to decide on slaverydecide on slavery

►Won election but Won election but lost support of the lost support of the SouthSouth

John Brown’s RaidJohn Brown’s Raid►Wanted to take over the armory at Wanted to take over the armory at

Harpers Ferry, VA and arm slaves in a Harpers Ferry, VA and arm slaves in a revoltrevolt

►No slaves showed upNo slaves showed up►Brown was captured and hanged Brown was captured and hanged

SecessionSecession►Lincoln elected President in 1860Lincoln elected President in 1860►South would not stand for an South would not stand for an

abolitionist presidentabolitionist president►11 states left the union forming the 11 states left the union forming the

“Confederate States of America”“Confederate States of America” President Jefferson DavisPresident Jefferson Davis ““STATES RIGHTS!!!”STATES RIGHTS!!!”