UNCTAD Enterprise Development Branchunctad.org/sections/dite_edb/docs/dite_edb_0003_en.pdf · the...
Transcript of UNCTAD Enterprise Development Branchunctad.org/sections/dite_edb/docs/dite_edb_0003_en.pdf · the...
UNCTADEnterprise Development Branch
2
Mission Statement
• To assist enterprises to realize their trade and investment opportunities.
3
How the Mission is accomplished….
• By building institutional capacity at the country level so that developing countries can assist their enterprises to survive and compete in the global economy.
4
Activities
• Engages in research on best practices
• Promotes inter-governmental consensus on policies and programmes
• Assures policy coherence at the national and international levels
• Undertakes technical cooperation activities
Organigram of the Branch
EnterpriseDevelopment
EnterprisePolicies
EnterpriseCapacity Building
Financial Services& Governance
Policycoherence
NationalStrategies
Accounting / Reporting
CorporateGovernance
SpecialProjects
EMPRETEC
6
Enterprise Policies - National strategies• Identification of effective private sector development strategies
– Public-private sector dialogue : building awareness/commitment/partnership.
• Business development services– One stop shop (EMPRETEC)– Networking / South-South cooperation– Disadvantaged entrepreneurs : Women, Rural
• Financing SMEs– Obstacles to commercial bank lending– Implementing Monterrey Consensus– Combining business & financial services
• Technology transfer for SMEs– Financing technology– Acquiring technology via interfirm cooperation
• Business linkages• Clustering
7
Enterprise Policies - Policy coherence
• Interface between national strategies and WTO, IMF, BIS requirements
8
EMPRETEC• Purpose : Contribute to the development of a
dynamic private sector• 5 Stages: Formal request, Consensus with the
Government, Initial implementation of ENC, Final implementation of ENC, Project Maturity-ENC
• Map of countries where EMPRETEC installed• Products & Services• South-South Cooperation• Impacts
9
EMPRETEC Installation phases• Phase I Formal request for an Empretec project and
initial discussions;• Phase II Programming mission, assessment of national
SME sector, consensus with Government,identification of counterpart, drafting of project document;
• Phase III Recruitment of staff, including the director, establishment of Advisory Board, initial core activities;
• Phase IV Operationalization of full project, putting in place basic training and services, certificationof local trainers, setting up a national association of participants;
• Phase V Maturity of project, offering customized training and other services, progress toward financial self-sustainability, establishing of legal entity (e.g. foundation, association).
Operational Empretec Centers
11
EMPRETECProducts & Services
• Entrepreneurship Training Workshop (ETW)
• Intrapreneurship
• Agrotech
• Iniciativa
• PROEX
• Financial services
• Business linkages
• Women entrepreneurs
12
South-South cooperation• Brazil Angola, Guyana, Jordan, Mozambique, Romania,
Palestinian Territory (core activities)• Chile Argentina (Business Plan training)
• Colombia Argentina, Chile, Venezuela (Agrotech)• Ethiopia & Zimbabwe Uganda (core activities)• Ghana Enterprise Africa (core activities)
• Ghana Ethiopia, Guyana (ETW) • Uruguay El Salvador, Guatemala, Panama (core activities)• Uruguay Argentina, Panama (PROEX)
• Uruguay El Salvador, Ethiopia, Morocco,Zimbabwe (Iniciativa)
13
Empretec impact via MED2000
2912001PalestinianTerritory
Uganda
Morocco
Jordan
Ethiopia
Country
1999
1998
2001
1999
Programmestart year
2128
15010
402
47720
No.ofParticipants
No.ofETWs
14
EMPRETEC in Latin America(cumulative figures until Feb 2003)
596037V1993Venezuela
91,60373V1989Uruguay
1145921IV2000Panama
31567III2001Guatemala
485538IV2000El Salvador
373025V1996Colombia
31,56063V1990Chile
20056,3802,244V1992Brazil
61,05749V1989Argentina
TrainersParticipantsETWPhaseYearCountry
15
EMPRETEC in Africa(cumulative figures until Feb 2003)
24147768V1992Zimbabwe
152128IV1999Uganda
2602III2001Senegal
422511IV2000Mozambique
515010IV1998Morocco
1093844V1990Ghana
1547720V1999Ethiopia
TrainersParticipantsETWPhaseYearCountry
16
EMPRETEC in other parts of the world (cumulative figures until Feb 2003)
61204IV2002Romania
4291III2001PalestinianTerritory
4402III2001Jordan
TrainersParticipantsETWPhaseYearCountry
17
Special Projects
• Business linkages
• Women entrepreneurs
• Corporate social responsibility
18
Financial Services & Governance
• ECOSOC mandate
• Bangkok mandate
• ISAR (members)
19
ECOSOC mandate• Concerned about the lack of adequate disclosure, reliability
and comparability of financial reports by TNCs:
– July 1972, convoked a “group of high-ranking independent experts” or the group of “Eminent Persons”
• In July 1975 the Group of Experts on International Standards of Accounting and Reporting (GEISAR) was established
• Based on the Recommendations of the predecessor ad hoc expert group, ECOSOC, established the IntergovernmentalWorking Group of Experts on International Standards of Accounting and Reporting (ISAR) as a standing expert group.
20
ISAR mandate• make a positive contribution to standard-setting at the
national and regional level
• take appropriate action to ensure the comparability of disclosure by transnational corporations
• serve as an international body for the consideration of issues of accounting and reporting
• review developments in the field of international accounting and reporting; including the work of standard-setting bodies
• concentrate on establishing priorities (of work) taking into account the needs of home and host countries, particularly those of developing countries.
21
Bangkok mandate• As per Bangkok Plan of Action (2000) paragraph
122,
– UNCTAD should promote increased transparency and financial disclosure by encouraging the use of internationally recognized accounting, reporting and auditing standards and improved corporate governance. UNCTAD should develop appropriate technical cooperation programmes inthis field.
22
ISAR membership
1
1
34
9
3
6
No. Of seats
13Total
6Western Europe and other regions
1Eastern Europe
4Latin America and Caribbean
7Asia
9Africa
VacanciesRegion
23
Main areas of work of ISAR
• Transparency/accountability/comparability
• Accounting by SMEs
• Corporate governance / Disclosures
• Corporate social responsibilityEnvironmental accounting & reportingSocial accounting & reporting
• Capacity buildingGuidelines on professional qualifications
Role and responsibility of auditors