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4 ~ 982

04.

C>)

J, U.S. Army Infantry Human Research UnitFort Bennis&, Georgia

u:der One redinica upervison of

The George Wasbiutin UniveiltylNllIN RESOUIRCES)RESMARC OFFICE

eperatiu iue ~ur~t withTIE DEPAITMENT F~TEA

U.S. Army a miry Hluman Research Uni t is etablished under the comnnamdof the Conznandlag Gemeral, Coetinental Armay Commnand. 71e Human ResoarceajResearch Office, the George Waiingtoo University. operating under contractwith the Department of the Army, employs the Director of Research andl othecivIla staff Mettlera who we assimpned to the Unit with the approval of Bond-quaters. Continental Army Commeand. 7%e Human Resources Resarch Officeproviden the Unit with technical superion in the planning and analysis of -

p the research projects.Concluos mated herein do not necessauily represent the official

opinion or policy ef Headquarttre, Continental Army Commuand. or the Depart-ment of the Army.

A - ..........

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R ESEARCH I,1. in °

The Combat Subjects and Corresponding Proficiency

Levels Essential to the 19,2 Training Prcgram forthe Light Ueapons Infantryman (MOS 111.0)

& IT. I. Fooks, John B. McKay and John E. Taylor.

fec&= \W/

Approved:

P1=SI011 S. AIMOTTIDirector of Research

U.S. Army InfantryHuman Research Unit

Fort Benning, Georgia

Number Copyi

Timely coments or suggestions pertinent to the

initial phases of the research project reported in this

emorandum are solicited. Conmunication may be effected,

either directly or through military channels, to U.S. Army

Human Research Unit, P.O. Box 2086, Fort Benning, Georgia.

Only comments prior to 1 January 1960 can be utilized in

this research project.

Preston S. AbottDirector of Research

pl

Page

FPACC2CFS TO BE CONSIE 117l TRAnflKOTHEI IJWI oF, 1962 . . . . . . . . . . . .****** ** ** 3

CCQtWT S CTS AILS3 ROFICIE;C'Y 5

=lM E=HATVIISI

I

The Combat Subjects and Corresponding ProficiencyLevels Essential to the 1962 Training Programfor the Light Weapons Infantryman (MOS 111.0)

IN.fRODUCTION

Army concepts of doctrine, organization, and materiel are under-

going extensive modification to meet current and future military re-

quirements. Successful implementation of the new concepts requires

suitable modification of training.

The research mission of Task RIFLEM! as assigned by US Cntinetal

Army Ccmmnd is "to improve the combat proficiency of the light weapons

infantryman by developing a new Advanced Individual Training Program

for the Light Weapons Infamtryzan.'' I/ This new program is to be oriented

around the doctrinal, organizational, and materiel concepts to be in

effect in 1962.

As the first phase of the required research, the staff of Task

rilrILEN has determined the essential combat subjects to be included in

the training program for the Light Weapons Infantryman (LWI) 1,OS 111.0

and the general levels of proficiency required in each subject.

As a prerequisite to the research, comprehensive studies were made

of mmll unit combat experiences in World War II and Korea, previousF

l/ emo for Reccsrd, 10 March 1958, Subject: "24th m'eeting of USCONARCPersonnel Research Advisory Comnittee." Approved by letter, Chief Researchand Development, Department of Army (CRD/J 7266), 2 June 195k. From: CheZhuman Factors Research Division. To: Director, Human Resources ResearchOffice, Subject: "FY 59 Work Program."

research in the areas of small group leadership and smlal group function-

ing, and tactical doctrine for the RcOCID rifle platoon. The authors

attended briefings and held conferences with members of the U. S. Army

Infantry School, received official guidance frow U. S. Continental Amy

Command, and considered changes in weapons as well as tactics projected

for 1962 and beyond.

With this zackground, subjects required for a course of instruction

were developed. The minirum level of proficiency required of the Light

Weapons infantyman to join a 19-2 unit, either in training or in combat,

was defined.1'

The resultant product is, therefore, not a revision in Arm Training

Prograns (ATP's) 21-l14 (Easic Ccmbat Training) and 7-17 (Advanced

Individual Training). Rather, this paper constitutes a ccplete and

fresh analysis of the training requirements for the LWI, based on ccnmat

projected to 1962. Simplicity of approach, the nature of the analysis,

and conditions anticipated for 1962 have dictated that many com lat sub-

jects in ATP 21-i14 and ATP 7-17 for the LWI be broken down into their

components, sone eliminated, ad others added.

Whereas the combat subJects listed in par 15 b, c, and d of ATP

21-1l4 (26 Nov 56) and par l9a (1) and (2) ATP 7-17 (11 Aug 5.) do

represent a present day cotmterpart of the projected combat subjects

for 1962, no counterpart is known to exist for the minimum levels of

combat proficiency which are delineated in this paper.

L/ The essential subjects and levels of proficiency were developedin coordilation with, and with the concurrence of, the U. S. ArmyInfantry School, Mt Bennir4, Georgia.

2

Included as an appendix to the report are selected bibliographiC

items which were extracted from source papers I repared by the U. S. Arm °

Infantry Humian Research Unit. These source pap, rs stmmrize pertinent

future doctrine, past combat, and previous reoee "ch, and furnish a generai.

guide for development of future training progrenm:

FACTORS TO BE CONSIDElM) 11 TRAINING TE LWI OF 1962

Azosunt:!ons

1. The ultimate objective of the Infantry soldier's training is to

make him effective in combat.

2. The soldier qualified in MOS ll±.O nay normally be integrated

into a unit that is undergoing training but, in an eergency, is minimally

qualified for direct entry into combat.

. hose ilitary subjects which contribute to combat proficiency are

essential to the soldier's training; those which serve objectives other

than combat proficiency are not. Subjects not essential to combat pro-

ficioncy, which are includeC in basic individual combat training for other

purposes, should be listed for elimination when the emergency dictates.

4. Training during peace time rill be conducted under conditions

paralleling mobilization.

Levels of Combat Proficiency

The following four levels of combat proficiency were defined after

careful consideration of minimum requirements for the Light Weapons In-

fantryman to effecitvely enter a combat situation.

Level I: Trained in a given subject to the degree that the in-

dividual has a basic knowledge of concepts and procedures.

3I

Level IT: Trained in a given subject to the degree that the

Individual has a basic k-nowrledge of concepts and procedures and the pro-

cedures can be performed under sue.nis-on.

Level III: Trained in a given subject to the degree that the

individual has a thorough knowrledge of concepts and prccedures a-d the

procedures can le independently perfor.od.

Level IV: Trained in a given subject to the degree that the

individual has a thorough .knmcledge of concepts and procedures and

the procedures are spontaneously perforned under varying conditions (situa-

tions).

lAs a result of IXrther research in each subject, considerations of

the aveilability of timte, problems of lcgistics, and difficulty of proper

trainLrZ techniques iuxy i-eruire an adjustment In these levels as they

apply to each subject. Hccever, based upon prior research, the level of

con-lat ircficiency indicated in each subject is considered Vinixal Zor

the Light Weapons Infantr an to participate in ccmba . uith reascnable

effectiveness.

Conditions of Training

To train the Light Weapons Infantrynan under routine trainine condi-

tions will not be sufficient. It is anticipated that much of future

colbat will be carried out under conditions of limited visibility, both

natural and ar&ificial; that there will be a real and continuinz threat

fron cheiiical, biolcgical and/or radiolor:ical warfare; and that combat,

generally, will be even nore stressful tLan in the past. For these

reasons it is considered essential that training be conducted under

realistic conditions.

Climte and terrain are variables over which there can be little

or no control. Though it wov!d be desirable to have t: einlng conducted

in an envirorment which would prepare tne light weapons infantryman for

all conditions of climate and terrain, the location and physical make

up of U. S. Army Training Units dictate a realistic and middle-of-the-

road approach in these areas. The program is being developed, therefore,

on the assumption that training will be conducted in temperate cllates

on terrain which will offer no special probleins. Cotuanders irill find it

necessary no doubt to make minor modifications to fit thtir particular

train ing conditions. In addition, under the assimption that specialized

training will be conducted independent of the Advanced Individuel Training

Program, no consideration is given to training under extreme conditions

of clirzte and terrain.

CO1,MAT SUBJECTS AID LEVELS OF rROFICMIICY

The objective of the Advanced Individual Trainirg Pro-ram, for the

Light Weapons Infantryran is to produce a well disciplined, physically

conditioned soldier with sufficient training to be integrated into a

military organization as a Light weapons Infantyman. To accorplish this

objective for the infantry of 1962, it is proposed that the program com-

plete the training of the Light Weapons Infantryman in the following

essential combat subjects to the level of combat proficiency indicated.

Minimum Level of"TEAFrS Combat Proficienc-.

Rifle (U.S. Caliber .30 111 and riUS celiber .30 ,,a4)

Hand Grenades (Fragmentation, smoke, etc) IV

14inimum Level of~

WEAPOITIS (CONIT~) Cola rfciny Cnt

Atitcxratic Rifle (PAR and !.a5) r

Aachine Gun (1.;-6o0)

Rifle Grenades (Launchers & Grenadles)(Incluides sq. AT' Wpn. or substitute) I

Pistol (Automatir.) III

raycnet or Knife III

Platoon Anti-tank woapoL (3.5", rL im2AiBl

or substitute) I

Mnes, Antit-n (M7-A2, MCA2, NEL5 and Mor substit'kute) Anti-'nersonnel (MA2A 1 , 1 a4end ?,116 or substitute) III

Zcobuy Traps and Dlenolitions I

1.crtars and L,.2") II

Tleavy (0o) Anti-tank wpns. (106 M tITO'';0AJ- or substitute) I

Filare Thro; :cr (portable and rechamized) I

Orther Infantry Flat Trajectory Weapons I

*Artillery I

Air I

COMfICIOTS

Ccrirand

fari and Iisnd Sienals

Pyrotechnics I

Radios

Indi'rltdrai Rae lo

Ai'1/PRC- (or substitute)II

C4

lt.nim Level ofCO41ICATIO'NS (CON'T) C~oma roiciena (ont

Ccrmnd (Con't)

AN/PnC-lo (or exibstitute) x

AIT/PRC-i' (or subrtituite) 11

Telephone and u~ire

Reel equipment CE-U1 1I

Telephone set TA I/T II

TA 312 Telephone

Trasmiscion Security IV

Pcaol Sct %'17MV I

Maz~~age TWritingII

azer'gency SWBD 3B 1 ,'GT I

I.7di--idi'al to Indiv~durI.

Auditor,, IV

Xris.~lIV

TPANSPFF=IOjJ

mcverent b.- Foot IV

'icvrznent by Vehicle

zirch. m-lJe (includes emergency opn) I

Tru.-k (includes emergency opn) I

Tank (]44A2 and 1*11 or substitute) I

ArC (M,59 and T112'7 or substituxte)

(iiaceludes emergency opn) Iil1elicopter (H34i, H37, end F.14O orsubotit~te) I

Fixed wing aircraft II

Boat (asault craft)

inimum Level ofInivIDUPL COIM 1T TRAINING Combat Proficiency (Con't)

Field Survival

Physical Conditioning IV

First Aid IV

Personal Hyglene IV

Field Sanitation IV

1-hintenance of Clothing & Equip. IV

q Fieldcraft III

Code of Conduct and Zvasion & Escape III

Psychological Ccnditioning* IV

land Navigation

Movement IV

Terrain Appreciation, Evaluation,Utilization IV

maps III

Compass IV

_ Aerial Photos 17Emlacent and Construction

Field Fortification III

Obstacles III

Fields of Fire III

*Psychological Conditioning includes control of fear, and reactionsto the deterrents of survival (pain, cold, thirst, hunger, fatigue,boredom and lonelJ.ness). Durixn the training program these are reallyiniposed conditions and should not be considered in the saae liiht asmilitary subjects.

IS|

-tminnu. Level of,L'1DIVflJUAL CO,'2[Aa TRA11Tl11.2 (caN'T) Ccjbt Frofioey Contt)

Recormaissance and Security

Stealth IV

Observation TV

Reporting IV

Light and Noise Discipline lv

Combat Intelligence I

Counter Intelligence I

Use of Detection Devices I

Cover IV

Ccncealrzent IV

Camouflage IV

CBR III

Protection Against I.Nnes & Booby Traps Ii

SQUAD T.ACTICS IN OFE7-SIVE, DEFE1SI3E AID MROGRADEMOVEI PETS TO II'MCLUDE PAMOLLIVc-

Fcrmations and Battlefield Plays IV

Technique of Squad Fire IV

Preparation for Tactical Operationson Short Notice IV

Utilizing Surprise and Security Masures III

Operating While Sustained Personnel andEquipment Losses III

Interchanging Duties -rith Other SquadMembers (non-leader) III

Utilizing Supporting Fires

Operating with Armor

Operating Against Armor III 4

iC

SQUAD TACTICS IF OFFMTSIVE, DEEMSMI AMIDiTROGADE mVo mTS TO 1KCLDE PATROLLG ldunilum Level of

(CON'T) Combat Proficiency (Con t)

Oatine Over Prolonged P-rLods of Time III

Operating As An Isolated Unit or Part ofAn Isolated Unit II

Combat Feeding Procedures III

Duties of Leaders (Team and Squad) II

Operating Against Airborne Operation II

FU TU ifESEA-CH ACTIVITIFC f-i TASK R11,,iLt,

The contents of this paper will serve aR a foundation for developing

detailed lists of critical combat perfor7mnces, si-ills and Immiledges

required in each subject, e.g., Observation is a subject under Individual

Combat Training, Security Technilques. A list of critical performances,

Inowledges and skills relevant to Observation will be corpiLed. These

lists will in ttxn serve as a basis for subsequent testing and training

research.

2NEIAT'E VALJ TO THE APJ.

Althouah prepared to serve as a asis for the developnent of a new

training program oriented toward the organizational, doctrinal, and

materiel concepts of 1962, this paper may serve as a basis for cormand

personnel charged with replacement training to reexanine curricul-a with

the view, to bringing combat requirement and training programs into closer

harmony. The subjects and Ienels of' combet proficiency listed herein for

19C2 ahould warrant consideration for use as criteria or training goals

10

L

for current replacement training programs, if necessar-y allowances for

differences in current weapons are made.

It is therefore hoped that the "I'numim Levels of Proficieucy" will be

of value to com-anders in reaching a balance, subject-by-subject, of empba-

sis for their training programs.

This report conotitutes tae completion of the first phase of Task

RIFLeYAN. The content of the report establishes, for subsequent research,

the essential combat subjects of the new training procran for the Light

Weapons Infantrjran (MCS 111.0) of 1962 and the corresponding minim=

level of performance required in each subject. It also includes, for such

use aa is considered -,arranted, suggestions which ray be helpful in en-

ablin- conrand personnel charged with replacement training to assess their

current curricula.

3-1

APA' DIX

Selected Bibliographv From Source Papers

Items listed are pertinent to the development of the material in

this memorandum.

1. Ahern, Catain N-eal J. "Killer Offensive," Combat Forces

Journal, Vol. 3, November 1952, pp. 34-36.

2. Anders, 1st Lt. James D. "The Operation of the 3rd Platoon,

Ccmp.ny L, 363d Infantry Regiment (91st Division), South of Moumt Amigo,

Italy, 16-18 Apil 1945" (The Infantry School, Fort Benning, Georgia,

umpublished Student Monograph, Ad.anced Infantry Officers Course, 1948-

1949.)

3. Barfoot, Capt. Van T., "The Operation of the 3rd Platoon,

Company L, 157th Infantry (45th Infantry Division) in the Battle at

Anzio, During the Push to Rome, 22-24 May 1944." (The Infantry School,Fort BeLng, Georia, unpublished Student Mcnographi, Advanced Infantry

Officers Course, 194 8-1949.)

4. Baumgartner, Capt. John W. "The Operations of the Ist Platoon,

Company I, 16th Infantry (ist Infantry Division) In the Reaagen Bridge-

head, 21-24 arch 1945" (The Infantry School, Fort Bemrnlng, Georgia,

unpublished Student Nonograph, Advanced Infmntry Officers Course. 1948-

1949.)

5. Berkowitz, Leonard. "Group Standards, Cohesiveness and

Productivity," Human Relaticns, Vol VII, No. 4, 1954, pp. 509-19.

6. Blum, 1st Lt. Charles K. "The Cperations of the 3d Platoon,

Company E, 7th Infantry Regiment (3d Infantry Division), East of Ostheim

13

in the Colmar Pocket, Alsace, 22-23 January 1945." (The Infantry School

Fort Benrdng, Georgia, unpublished Student 1obnograph, Advanced Infantry

Offi.cers Course, 1948-1949).

7. Campbell, D. T. and Tyler, B. B. "The Construct Validity of 1Jo:

Gro,,p Morale Measures," Jomnal of Applied Psychology, Vol. 41, No. 2,

April 1957, pp. 91-92.

8. Carnegie Institute of Technology. Conditions Affecttng the

Mi itarv Utilizations of Peer Ratings: The Newport Study, Carnegie

Institute of Technclogy, operating under contract with the office of

Naval Research, Pittsburgh, Pa., January 1956.

9. "Combat Notes," The Infantry School Mailing List. Vol. XX.I,

July 1944, pp. 13-22.

10. Cook, X.',or James H., Jr. "The Operation of Compeny L, 179th

Infantry (45th Infantry Division) in the Vicinity of the Factory, Anzio

Beachhead, fron 16-18 February 1944" (The Infantry School, Fort Benning.

Georgia, unpublished Student Monegraph, Advanced Infantry Officers Cours,

1948-1949.)

1. Danzig. Elliot R., and Galanter, Eugene H. The Dynamics and

Stractire of Small Industrial Work Groups (Series 1955, Institute Report

No. 7), Institute for Research in Human Relations, Philadelphia, Pa., 19

12. Davidson, Capt Shirley. "The Operations of the 2nd Platoon,

Company G, 145th Infantry (37th Infantry Division) in the Reduction of t%2

Intramuros, Manila, 23-24 February 1945" (The Infantry School, Fort

Benning, Georgia, unpublished Student Monograph, Advanced Infaitry

Officers Course, 1948-49).

13. Department of the Army. The Assessient and Prediction of Rifle

Scutd Effectiveness (PRB Technical Research Note 31), Psychological

Research Associates, Personnel Research Branch, The Adjutant General's

Office, Washington, D. C., November 1954.

31. Department of the Army. Develorment and Cross-Validation of

Scoring Keys for Leaders Course Selection Instr=ments (PRS Reort 614),

Personnel Research Section, The Adjutant General's Office, Washington,

D. C., 20 December 1949.

15. Depart:ent of the Army. The Effectiveness of Small iitarv

Un'.ts (PnB Report 98O), Institute for Research in iuman Relations, Per-

sonnel Research Branch, The Adjutant Geeral's Office, W;ashington, D. C.,

September 1952.

16. Department of the Army. An Interie' Study of Human Relation-

ships in Effective Infantry Rifle Squads. (PRS Report 983), Institute for

Research in Human Relations, Personnel Research Section, The Adjutant

Generalls Office, Washington, D. C., 31 December 1952.

17. Deartment of the Army. F! -10 Rifle Comi=an T ]If an Re&t.,

October 1949.

32. European Theater of Operations, United States Army. Battle

Experiences (12th Army Group, 1944-1945).

a. (p 25) - 2-14-I

b. (p 26) - 2-36-11

c. (p 27) - 2-39-3

d. (p 27) - 3-60-IV

e. (p 27) - 2-67-11

f. (p 28) - 2-62-111

15

g. (p 28) - 2-48-X

h. (p 28) - 2-25-I

i. (p 28) - 2-67-VI -

j. (p 29) - 3-60-71

k. (p 30) - 2-37

1. (p 31) - 2-72-Il

m. (p 31) - 2-19-I

n. (p 33) - 2-26-IL.

o. (P 33) - 2-77-V

P. (p 39) - 2-14-I

q. (P 39) - 2-42-I1

r. (p 40) - 2-14:-I

s. (p 40) - 241X

2-40-Ii

2-99-i.

t. (p 15) - 2-73-VII

19. French, Robert L. "Sociometric Status and individual Adjustment

Anong Naval Recruits," Jornal of Atnormal and Social Psyc oo11 , Vol. 46

No. 1, January 1951, pp. 64-72.

20. Fry, Colonel, J. C. "One Week in Hell," Satz'rday EvniM Post-

Vol. 221, 25 June 1949, p. 36.

21. Glasgow, capt :. i:., Jr, "Near Perfect Attack," The Infantry

School quarterly. Vol. 44, July 1954, pp. 49-55.

22. Greer, '. Layal, Small Group Effectiveness (Series 1955,

Institute Report No. 6) Institute for Research in Human Relations,

Philadelphia, Pa., 1955.-I,

23. Gross, Ed-ward. "The Primary Function of the Small Group,"

e Arerican Journal of Socioo-.o , Vol. 60, No. 2, July 1954, pp. 24-29.

24. Gugeler, Capt Russell A. Combat Actions in Korea, Combat Forces

Press, Washington 6, D. C., 1945.

25. Ilaythorn, Uilliam W. Relationships Between Scciometric 14easmres

and Performran ce in Medium Bomber C-ews -i Combat (AFP22C-T-54-I01), Air

Forces Personnel and Training Research Center, Randolph Air Force Base,

Texas, December 1951 .

26. Hoile, Capt. John D. "The Operation of Company K, Z42d Infantrz

42nd Infantry Division), in an Attack in the Hardt Iountains, Alsace,

France, 11-15 March 1945" (The Irfantry School, Fort Benrding, Georgia,

tuipublished Student Monograph, Advanced Infantry Officers Course, 21948-L9.,

27. HEuser, MaJor Harold H. "The Operatiors of Company B, 232d

In-fPntry (42d Infantry Division) in the Defense of the Rhine River, North

of Starsbourg, "a-,ace, 24 December 191A - 18 Janary 1945." (The Infantry

School, Fort Benning, Georgia, unpublished Student M-onograph, Advmiced

Infaa.tr-j Cfficerls Course, 1946-1949).

28. liow We Figit, Pixed Japanese Opinions," Intelligence Bulletin,

Vol. iii, Nuvaifer 1944, p. 9.

29. Hungate, Lt Col Jares W. "Eattle Gaoup - Defense," Infantry,

October 1957, pp. 15-16.

30. Hunter, Lt. Sylvester J. "The Capture of Mount Frassino,"

Infantry Journal, Vol. LVIII, April 1946, pp. 27-30.

31. Jones, Capt. Thomas H. "ifle Ccmpany - Defense." infantry,

October 1957, p. 20.

32. Kimball, Cept. Robert G. "The Operations of Company A, 406th

17

Infantry (102d Infantry Division), at Gereonsweiler, Germany, 20-21

November 1944." (The Infantry School, Fort Benning, Georgia, unpublished

Student Monograph, Advanced Infantry Officers Course, 1948-1949).

33. 1Mrgruder, Lt. Gen. Carter B. "Logistics in the Atmic Era:"

Armv Information Digest, January 1958, Vol. 13, p. 29.

10 34. Marshall, Brig. Gen. S. L. A. Men Against Fire William

Morrow & Co., New York, 1947.

35. i4Lrshall, Brig. Gen. 3. L. . The River and the Gkutlet.

William Morrow & Co., New York, 1953.

36. Haucorps, Paul 1. "A Sociometric Inquiry in the French Ary,"

Sociometr, Vol. 12, 1949, pp. 46-8.

37. Head, Maj. Gen. Armistead D., "Infantrymen 1 Do you Know Your

Job," Infantry, April 1957, p. 90.

38. Hurray, Lt. Col. Jares C., Jr. "The OTakn of Jichaku Plateau"

14arne Cors Gazette, Vol. 31, September 1947, pp. 14-25.

39. Nordlie, P. G, Performance of Smal Military Groups as a Function

of Intra-Group Knowledkes, (University of Maryland, 1954, Master's Thesis).

( 40. Piercefield, Lt. Fremont as told to Donnelly, Lte John. "Combat

Outposts," Combat Forces Journal, Vol. 2, May 1952, pp. 12-16.

41. Rivetta, Capt. Donald A. "The Hot Comer at Butgenbach,"

Infantry Journal. Vol. LVII, October 1945, pp. 19-23o

42. Robbins, Capt. Edward S. "The Operations of Company E, 306th

Infantry (77th Infantry Div.), in the Defeme North of Shuns Olnawa,

4-5 May 1945." (The Inf. h ry School, Fort Benning, Georgia, unpulished

Student Monograph, Advanced Infantry Officers Course, 1948-1949.)

43. Roby, Thortcn B. Rlationships Between- SocgLm e Measres and

Performance in Medium Bomber Crews (Research Bulletin 53-41), H=uan

Resources Research Center, Randolph Air Force Base, Texas, November 1953.:18

"4. Rcsenberg, Seymour et al. Scme Effects of VarrinR Combinations

of Grou Members on Group ParfoMacg Measures and Leadershiu. (Research

Report AFPTRC 7.-55-83), Air Force Personnel a:4 Training Research Center,

Lackland Air Force Base, San Antonio, Texas, December 19550

45. Seashore, Stanley E. Grup Cohesveness as t Factor in In-

dus'trial U'orale and Productivit., (University of Hichigan, Ann Arbor, 1954,

Ph. D. Thesis).

46. Seashore, Stanley E. "Teamwork - Key to Production?" Adult

Leadership, 7ol. 3, No. 8, February 1955s pp. 20-21.

47, Shellum, Capt. Alford S. "The Cperations of the 1st Platoon,

Company F, 164th Infantry (American Division), East of Henderson Field,

4-14 November 1942." (The Infantry School, Fort Benning, Georgia, un-

publi3hed Student Mbnograph, Advanced Infantry Officers Course, 1949449).

48. Smith, Capt. Norvin E., Jr. "The Operations of Company A, 184th

Inf ntry (7th Infantry Division) on Bamboo Ridge Northwest of Damulan,

Leyto, P. I., 27 November - 1 December 194". (The Lnfantry School, Fort( Benn.ing, Georgia, unpublished Student lionograph, Advanced Infantry Officers

Course, 1948-1949).

49, The Infantry School. "Lessons from Student Monographs, Mlitary

Kistory Course, 1946-1950." lio.,p I-IV (General Subjects Section, Academic

Dep-rtment - TIS) Fort Berningo, Georgia, mupblished, undatede

50, USCGN:RC. T..eining Text 7-10-2 ie CgM Wnfantry fLeA.,

February 1957. U. S. Army Inf, School. Infantry Training Data, May 195e.

U. S. Army Inf. School. Advance Shet =Rifle Comimv Infantry Divisions

Battle Group, 13 October 1958 (Reference text for all Tactical Dept.

Instructions, USAIS).

I9

51. 'What Jerry Thinks of Us and Himself," Intelligence Bulletin

Vol. III, Decenrber 1944, p. 40.

52. Van Zelst, Raymond H. "Validation of A Sociometric Regrouping

Procedure," Journal of Abnormal and Social Psrcholojv, Vol. 47, No. 2

Supplement, April 1952, pp. 299-301.

(

(

20