UMR 8069 Directeur Professeur Gabriel MOSER Temporary Dwelling: Home-making and Place Identity...

UMR 8069

Directeur Professeur Gabriel MOSER

Temporary Dwelling:

Home-making and Place Identity Processes

Eugénia RATIUMaître de conférences

Symposium #12 - Life Course Perspective and Socio-environmental Contexts 07/07/2004

Research supported by P U C A. Ministère de l’Équipement, des Transports et du Logement

Principles of Life Course Theory

F Human Development Life-Long Process

Linked Lives Interactions

Human Agency in

Constrained Situations

Lives inTime and

Place

Timing inLives Events

July 7-10 2004 Symposium #12 - Life Course Perspective and Socio-environmental Contexts 07/07/2004


Human Agency in

Constrained Situations

Societal context

Low and uncertain family income

Family rights to access to a "decent" housing

Public intervention

Alternatives

to house occupation status and house attributes

"Transitory dwelling"

Intervention Purpose

Well-being - Societal reinsertion

Lives inTime and

Place


Events - Places - Home-making and Identity dynamic processes

Principles of Life Course – Home and Place Identity Processes

F Human Development Life-Long Process

Linked Lives

Interactions

Human Agency in

ConstrainedSituations

Lives inTime and

Place


Home-making

Place Identity

Processes



Emergency dwelling - Institutional answer - Psychosocial investment

Research Aim

The importance of

the social, spatial and temporal contexts

in which the life events occur during transitions

are questioned from the standpoint of

the life span identity development

Living in emergency dwelling is regarded as a

life event

Transactional Psychosocial Processes

Self Regulation – Affective out-put

Psychosocial Transitions – Identity Developmental Strategy

Contextual Identity Process ContinuityDistinctionEfficacy

Positive self image

Affective balance

Coherence

Self esteem

intra-psychic interpersonal

Socio-spatial Context – Life course

Self Development – Identity and its socio-spatial expressions

Self actualisation Self projection

Place Identity – Fluid Place Attachment - Dynamic



METHOD

Urban resources Housing conditionsUrban attributes

- distance to the downtown - social atmosphere - safety - fame - natural elements density

Emergency dwelling - Categories - institutional salience

- institutional control

- domestic space

- family- friends- associations- social assistance

Social context Social relationships


CRÉTEIL

Parisian southern

suburbPARIS intra muros

New town


Paris Intra muros Créteil

HOTEL

APPARTEMENT

HOSTEL RESIDENCE

SOCIAL RESIDENCE


Population - Sample

80 families

- familial situation and life span stage

(presence of school age children(s))

- neighborhood familiarity

(6 months at lest in the present house)

- cultural familiarity

(80% native country in Africa, Asia, Eastern Europe)


Population – residential and societal position

residential past and gap to « normal » house

1 - normal house experience

2 - marginal blocked situation

previous house situation

1 - insalubrious

2 - overpopulated

3 - too expensive (expulsion)

4 - temporary (hotel, foyer, lodging)

5 - homeless

family solvability

1 - regular but insufficient in-come

2 - irregular and insufficient in-come


Data collection

- semi-directed interview

(women responding for the family)

- urban map - neighbourhood investment

(extension, delimitation criteria, home position)

Data treatment

Thematic content analysis

Multidimensional factorial analyses

"Formal causation" - Variables structure


Emergency Dwelling as "Home”- Multidimensional analyses

Expectancies and Social Positioning - perceived personal control on societal insertion system

- residential past

(previous "meaningful" situations and mobility)

- spatial identity

(existence of « chez-soi », their nature, frequentation, accessibility)

- perceived anticipated evolution concerning societal position and residential situation

(improvement, stability, regression)

- habitat comparison standard

(attributes expected, representations of the transitory dwelling and its occupants)

- environmental competence and exploration

(neighbourhood investment and extend familiarity)


ImprovementRegression

Precarious Stability Evolution


- Residential course

Habitat socialization, place(s) bonds (dependence/independence, concrete/abstract)

- Self-efficacy

Control, Personal responsibility

- Social Comparison

Inter-individual distance, Intra-individual (past /future /imaginative), Social retraction

Psychosocial Expectancies Construction – Place bonds


Societal Position - Improvement Perception

Residential course provided in supports of home socialisation

"Normal house Experience"

House autonomous access (without institutional support) in the past

Present transitory dwelling - perceived as an "accident"

Social comparison – with the other transitory dwelling tenants

Overestimated social distance perception

Personal superiority, Invulnerability and Self-efficacy


Societal Position Anticipated Regression

Unexplained Discontinuity perception of the dwelling course

Perception of an important gap between the present transitory dwelling and

the preceding "houses" as "reference" mark (worth and best dwellings)

Social "house” and its urban context representation – rejection, undesirability

Regression to over-investment of the daily context and to "security supports"

In search of institutional support

In search of "substitutes" of the previous residential reference marks

Acquired “hopelessness " – loss control perception and abdication


Unchanged societal position anticipation – durable precariousness

“Recently" effect comparison between the present transitory dwelling and the previous one

Invisible "rebound" - survival situation Life span course exempt of house choice opportunities

Place investment absence

Marginal dwelling "models" acceptance - "archaic" house forms and mobilityContinuity preserved by urban context access – urban centrality position

"Legitimacy" of the subjective bonds to urban context

Continuity based on archaic forms of the choice "legitimacy" of his life placeSocial comparison – personal "merits" over-estimation


Identity dynamics precarious societal position

Uncertainty and Mobility – Home and Place Identity processes

Over-investment of the past home as

Referent place – Founder place

Over-investment of the urban context - reject the private space Place Familiarity perception – Identity Reinforcement

Over-investment of the future home

Utopian Place – to elude constraints and institutional dependence and to preserve its advantages

"chez-soi" - Paradoxal form

home and equivalence of places places of legitimacy – identity support based on the "property" of

the right to access to a decent house


DISCUSSIONS

The results are explained by

- the social construction expectancies model

(optimism, pessimism, stability)

- the self-efficacy acquisition model

Consistent with the theory of the relative deprivation and the referent cognitions model :

-the social comparison (differentiated according to the residential past) seems to be a self-image strategy protection in a precarious societal position.

-the change of its terms and place expressions appears as an identity strategy protection.


THE IMPLICATIONS FOR SOCIAL INTERVENTIONS

Aims

the health promotion considering that the actions are focused on:

- the psychosocial processes specific for the life events and transitions and

- on the individual access to a self-expression sustaining environment


Modalities- the acquisition and the reinforcement of the self-efficacy

(projects realization, legibility of the actions efficacy)

- to consider and to adopt different treatments for different emergency dwelling beneficiaries according to their residential course

- to consider a differentiation of the individual situation according to his/her access to institutional and/or personal supports as socio-emotional mediators.

- to consider the dysfunctions rising within different publics

- to facilitate access to urbain ressources – reducing « environmental irritants

THE IMPLICATIONS FOR SOCIAL INTERVENTIONS

UMR 8069 Directeur Professeur Gabriel MOSER Temporary Dwelling: Home-making and Place Identity...

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