Ulva lactucaSea lettuce

S. Donovan

Photo : http://www.cryptogamicbotany.com/images/oa_chloro/ulva_lactuca_01_05_09_a_324x550.jpg

Domain: Eukaryota

Kingdom: Plantae

Phylum: Chlorophyta

Class: Ulvophyceae

Order: Ulvales

Family: Ulvaceae

Genus: Ulva

Species: U. lactuca(Species Detail, 2013)

http://omp.gso.uri.edu/ompweb/doee/biota/algae/chloro/ulvaf.htm

Ulva lactuca: Sea lettuce

Domain: EukaryotaKingdom: Plantae

Phylum: Chlorophyta

Class: Ulvophyceae

Order: Ulvales

Family: Ulvaceae

Genus: Ulva

Species: U. lactuca

Domain: Eukaryota

-Cells contain membrane bound organelles and a true nucleus

http://omp.gso.uri.edu/ompweb/doee/biota/algae/chloro/ulva.htm

Domain: Eukaryota

Kingdom: PlantaePhylum: Chlorophyta

Class: Ulvophyceae

Order: Ulvales

Family: Ulvaceae

Genus: Ulva

Species: U. lactuca

Kingdom: Plantae

- “united by the possession of a plastid derived from primary endosymbiosis” (“Eukaryotes”, 2013)

- Autotrophs

- Cell walls made of cellulose

http://thelivingenvironmentcheatsheet.blogspot.com/2008/04/cell-organelleshomeostasis.html

http://evolutionaryroutes.wordpress.com/2011/08/31/the-taming-of-the-chloroplast/

Domain: Eukaryota

Kingdom: Plantae

Phylum: ChlorophytaClass: Ulvophyceae

Order: Ulvales

Family: Ulvaceae

Genus: Ulva

Species: U. lactuca

Phylum: Chlorophyta

• Photosynthetic pigments: chlorophylls a and b

• store photosynthetic products as starch inside the double-membrane-bounded chloroplasts in which it is produced

• Have cell walls made of cellulose (Raven et al., 1992).

http://www.bio.miami.edu/dana/226/226F08_10print.html

http://umanitoba.ca/Biology/BIOL1020/lab2/biolab2_2.html

Domain: Eukaryota

Kingdom: Plantae

Phylum: Chlorophyta

Class: UlvophyceaeOrder: Ulvales

Family: Ulvaceae

Genus: Ulva

Species: U. lactuca

Class: Ulvophyceae- Swimming cells with one or two pairs

of flagella

- cell division by furrowing with mitotic spindle closed, centric and persistent

- thallus can be branched or unbranched, mono- or distromaticsheet (phyllose), or cushionlike forms of compacted tubes (Algaebase, 2013)

http://cronodon.com/BioTech/Algal_Bodies.html

http://omp.gso.uri.edu/ompweb/doee/biota/algae/chloro/ulva.htm

Order: UlvalesFamily: Ulvaceae

Genus: Ulva

Species: U. lactuca

Order: Ulvales

- pseudoparenchymatousthalloid algae

- characteristically found in marine and brackish waters

- sheetlike thallus is formed by division in two planes of a filament

- isomorphic alternation of generations in some species (Ulvales, 2013)

http://www.cavehill.uwi.edu/bio_courses/bl14apl/algaenew_green.htm

Domain: Eukaryota

Kingdom: Plantae

Phylum: Chlorophyta

Class: Ulvophyceae

Order: Ulvales

Family: UlvaceaeGenus: Ulva

Species: U. lactuca

Family: Ulvaceae

-thin flat or tubular green algae (Family Ulvaceae, 2013)

http://www.horta.uac.pt/species/algae/Ulva_lactuca/Ulva_lactuca.htm

Domain: Eukaryota

Kingdom: Plantae

Phylum: Chlorophyta

Class: Ulvophyceae

Order: Ulvales

Family: Ulvaceae

Genus: UlvaSpecies: U. lactuca

Genus: Ulva

-green seaweed having a thallus two cells thick (Family Ulva, 2013)

http://omp.gso.uri.edu/ompweb/doee/biota/algae/chloro/ulva.htm

Domain: Eukaryota

Kingdom: Plantae

Phylum: Chlorophyta

Class: Ulvophyceae

Order: Ulvales

Family: Ulvaceae

Genus: Ulva

Species: U. lactuca

Species: U. lactuca

- thallus consists of large expanded sheet two cells in thickness

- margin of thallus ruffled and wavy and folded

- cross section of the thallusshows that the cells are isodiametric or vertically elongated to the thallussurface

- Inconspicuous, disc-shaped holdfast

(Ulva lactuca (a), 2013)

http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=39

Habitat• Marine / brackish

• Estuaries / mangroves

• Flourishes in high nutrient conditions

http://ocean.si.edu/mangroves

http://www.naturefoundationsxm.org/education/mangroves/red_mangrove.htm

Anatomy

• Green

• Flat blade

• Two cell layers thick

• Sporophyte and gametophyte look the same (isomorphic)

http://www.cryptogamicbotany.com/images/oa_chloro/ulva_lactuca_01_05_09_a_324x550.jpghttp://omp.gso.uri.edu/ompweb/doee/biota/algae/chloro/ulva.htm

Life Cycle

• Isomorphic Alternation of Generations: gametophytes sporophytes have the same form

• Anisogamous: gametes of unequalsize

http://cronodon.com/BioTech/Algal_Bodies.html

Interesting Facts and Human Connections

Lots of common names:

• green laver (Eng)

• sea lettuce (Eng)

• meerlattich (Ger)

• laitue de mer (Fr)(Species Detail, 2013)

• Glasán (Irish)(Ulva lactuca (b), 2013)

Interesting Facts and Human Connections

Likes lots of Nitrogen

• Grows all over the world in areas where freshwater runoff brings nitrogen into the marine environment

http://ian.umces.edu/imagelibrary/displayimage-1675.html

Interesting Facts and Human Connections

Edible!

• Soups

• Salads

• Toasted

http://flora.coa.gov.tw/view_eng.php?id=309

Recipes

Sea Lettuce Soup

• 4 cups chicken stock• 2 sheets Ulva• 2 eggs• Salt and pepper• ½ tsp sesame oil• 1 or 2 green scallions

• Bring stock to a boil. Add sea lettuce and stir. When sea lettuce is soft, stir in well- beaten eggs and boil for a few seconds then remove from heat. Add salt and pepper to taste. Add sesame oil, garnish with onion, and serve. (Deane, 2013)

Toasted Sea Lettuce

• 6 sheets Ulva• ½ tsp Salt• 1 ½ tablespoon sesame oil

• Mix salt and sesame oil and rub a thin coat on sea lettuce. Lay 6 sheets on top of one another, roll them up and let them marinade for 5 minutes. Unroll and cook each sheet separately in a hot pan over low heat until crisp. Cut sheet into smaller pieces and serve with hot rice.

Works Cited:

Algaebase. (2013). Taxonomy Detail : Class Ulvophyceae. Retrieved January 3, 2013, from http://www.algaebase.org/browse/taxonomy/detail/?taxonid=4357&sk=0

Eukaryotes. (2013) Tree of Life Web Project. Web. 2 Jan. 2013. <http://tolweb.org/Eukaryotes/3>.

Family Ulvaceae . (2013) Dictionary, Encyclopedia and Thesaurus - The Free Dictionary. Web. 3 Jan. 2013. <http://www.thefreedictionary.com/family

Genus Ulva (2013) Dictionary, Encyclopedia and Thesaurus - The Free Dictionary. Web. 3 Jan. 2013. <http://www.thefreedictionary.com/genus+

Raven (1992)

Deane, G. (2013) Sea Lettuce, Ulva. Eat The Weeds and other things, too. Web. 3 Jan. 2013. <http://www.eattheweeds.com/ulva-sea-soup-salad-2/>.

Species Detail : Ulva lactuca. (2013) Algaebase :Listing the World's Algae. Web. 3 Jan. 2013. <http://www.algaebase.org/search/species/detail/?species_id=39>.

Ulva lactuca (a) . (2013) Seaweeds of the Central West Coast of India. Web. 3 Jan. 2013. <http://niobioinformatics.in/seaweed/system_Ulva%20lactuca.htm>

Ulva lactuca (b). (2013) The Seaweed Site : information on marine macroalgae. Web. 3 Jan. 2013. <http://www.seaweed.ie/descriptions/Ulva>

Ulvales (2013). Dictionary of botany. Retrieved January 3, 2013, from http://botanydictionary.org/ulvales.html