UITP BUS COMMITTEE

SINCE 1ST MEETING IN BRUSSELS 1960 TO 100TH MEETING IN PRAGUE 2016

Travelling through history and UITP’s archives is always a rich experience as it reveals the evolution of transport modes, habits and ideas. This is also true for buses and trolleybuses. We hope that this non exhaustive material put together for the 100th meeting of the Bus Committee of UITP’s Bus Division will make you discover those invaluable archives.

BUSES AND TROLLEYBUSES IN UITP’S HISTORY… AND BEYOND

SEARCHED, SELECTED AND COMPILED FROM UITP’S ARCHIVE AT THE OCCASION OF THE 100TH BUS COMMITTEE MEETING

1885 - 17 August, foundation of the « Union Internationale Permanente de Tramways »

63 companies from 9 countries interested in the project, including 55 operators. 44 delegates participate in the first meeting in Brussels during which Gustave Michelet presents for the first time the objectives of the new association.

1886 - First Congress takes place in Berlin, with 110 participants from 6 countries.

Gustave MICHELET (Tramways Bruxellois) is elected as the first President with J FISCHER-DICK (Grosse Berliner Pferde-Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft) as Vice-President and Fernand NONNENBERG as the first Secretary General. Rules are adopted as well as the official languages, French and German. Brussels selected as the official location of the association

1914 - The 18th Congress that was planned to take place in Budapest is cancelled due to the outbreak of the First World War. No other congress will take place until 1922 and the activities of the association will be reduced.

1922 - A new association is founded with members of allied and neutral nations. A new name is chosen “Union internationale des tramways, de chemins de fer d'intér t local et de transports publics automobiles" to take into account the rapid emergence of the bus.

UITP’S MILESTONES

CONTENTS

32

1. UITP’S MILESTONES

2. BUS AND TROLLEYBUS TECHNOLOGY AND DEVELOPMENTS FROM THE BEGINNINGS

3. BUSES WITHIN THE ASSOCIATION BEFORE THE BUS COMMITTEE

• CONGRESS REPORTS AND ARTICLES 1885-1960

4. BUS COMMITTEE – THE ROUTE FROM 1960 TO 2016

• BUS CONFERENCES

• CONGRESS REPORTS SINCE 1961

5. BUS COMMITTEE CHAIRMEN

6. HISTORY LIST OF ALL BUS COMMITTEE MEETING PLACES

....................................................................................................... 3

................................................................................................. 5

........................... 8

..................................................... 9

................................................. 10

.................................................................................................. 10

............................................................................ 10

........................................................................................ 12

...................................... 13

1830 (since) – United Kingdom, France… use of steam buses

1886 - Karl BENZ patents the first successful gasoline-driven automobile, the “Benz Patent Motorwagen” (built for the first time in 1885) and designs its first truck in 1889

1890’s - Rudolf Diesel develops a high-speed compression ignition engine

1895 – An adapted Benz truck is used by the “Netphener Omnibus-Gesellschaft”

1898 - First internal combustion engine-powered buses in operation (United Kingdom 1898, Germany 1903, New York 1905, Paris 1906…)

1902 - First trolleybus line in operation in Germany

1920-21 - Pneumatic tires used for buses and first Diesel motors for bus propulsion

1929 - The first articulated bus enters in service

BUS AND TROLLEYBUS TECHNOLOGY AND DEVELOPMENTS FROM THE BEGINNINGS…

4 5

1927 - An important meeting is held in Basel (Switzerland) during which members of the Union and members of the ”Internationaler Strassenbahn- und Kleinbahn- Verein” (the nations excluded post-war) decide to reconstitute the association to its pre-1914 status. The German language is reintroduced as an official language and the decision is also taken to open communications and published reports to other languages (mainly English).

The 50th anniversary of the Union is celebrated during a special meeting held in Brussels in 1935. The meeting is held in the presence of HM King Leopold III of Belgium in the presence of some 1,500 delegates.

In 1939, the association adopts a new name “International Union of Public Transport - UITP”

1940 - Due to war, activities of the association are reduced to a minimum. A German administrator controls the association

1945-46 – The Belgian members of the Management Committee meet in Brussels to evaluate the future of the association. Belgian, French and British members decide that the association should continue with its activities as it did before the war. No decisions will be made regarding how to approach the German members, indeed no contact will be made with them, until peace treaties are signed

1949 - Adoption of the "Ben England" motion suggesting that "the status of member is open to all public transport companies without any discrimination". This motion opened the door to the reintegration of German and Austrian members in the association and turned UITP into a real worldwide association. After World War II, UITP gradually moves from a strongly technical focus to also deal with political issues, taking on an international and regional advocacy role in support and on behalf of the collective mobility sector

1959 – Paris, organization for the first of a major exhibition of vehicles and equipment

1960 – Birth of the International Commission for the Standardization of Motorbuses

1965 – Tel Aviv, first congress outside Europe

1965 – Commission for the Standardization of Motorbuses -> Commission for the Study of Motorbuses

1977 – Montréal, first congress organized in North America

1983 - Rio de Janeiro, first congress organized in Latin America

1985 – Brussels, commemoration of the 100 years of existence of the association

1989 – Commission for the Study of Motorbuses -> UITP Bus Committee

1993 – Sydney, first congress organized in Oceania

2001 – London, statutory reform: creation Bus Division (Bus Assembly + Bus Committee)

2011 – Dubai, first congress in the MENA region

2014 – Abu Dhabi - Birth of the Trolleybus Committee

2016 – Prague – 100th Bus Committee

1967 - Development by the VÖV (Germany) of a standard urban bus (SL 1) that enters service in 1968

1973 - Development of a standard regional bus concept in Germany

1978 - Development of the dual-mode trolleybus

1983 - Second generation of standard buses developed in Germany

1986 – “O-Bahn” busway opens in Adelaide

1989 - Presentation of the concept for a low-floor standard bus

2000’s - The “Bus Rapid Transit” concept develops on a large scale, based on pioneering experiences from Curitiba (1974, 1979-1980), Ottawa (Transitway - 1983) and Adelaide (O-Bahn – 1986). Diversification of new fuels for buses; clean fuels, hybrid buses, fuel cells, electromobility … to cope with future fossil fuel shortages

2001 – European directive on buses (2001/85/EC) accessible bus and passenger safety

6 7

1930-1950’s - The trolleybuses experiences a golden age with major developments in the UK, France, Brazil, USSR, Germany and Switzerland

1930’s - Growing importance of the bus mode revolutionizes urban services (replacing numerous tramway networks) and offers the possibility to greatly improve services in rural areas

1942 - France, definition of standard trolleybuses (type A to D according to their length)

1945 - After the war, the tramway decline continues particularly in North America although it is maintained and even developed in some European countries like Switzerland, Germany, USSR and Austria… The bus benefits as a result

After the 1950s, public transport sees a general decline due to the continued increase in private car traffic and lack of interest from public authority’s trolleybuses, which are considered too costly and insufficiently flexible, are replaced by buses

1952 - First modern articulated buses and trolleybuses

1958 – Flywheel operational tests in Léopoldville and in Switzerland

1965 - The first new standard urban buses designed by RATP and UTPUR are on the French roads

Madrid, 1953 – “Organisation of repair-shops and depots: motorbuses and trolleybuses” (L Lagarrigue) and “Rolling stock: trends in motorbus construction” (A A M Durrant)

Naples, 1955 – “Use of trailers for buses and trolleybuses; articulated vehicles” (O Miescher)

Hamburg – Berlin, 1957 – “Latest progress in motorbus construction and present trends” (L Lagarrigue)

Paris, 1959 – “Trends in motorbus construction” (E R L Fitzpayne – W M Little)

Congress reports - Bus

Congress reports - Trolleybus

Articles - Bus

Articles - Trolleybus

Congress reports and articles 1885-1960

Year RBU RTB ABU ATB

1908 1

1924 1

1926 2

1928 1

1930 3

1932 4 1

1934 4

1935 1

1937 2 1

1939 2 4

1947 1

1949 1 1

1951 1

1952 2

1953 2 1

1954 1 2

1955 2 2 1

1956 1

1957 1

1959 1

1960 1

28 12 5 3

2812

35

8 9

BUSES WITHIN THE ASSOCIATION BEFORE THE BUS COMMITTEE

Mainly based on rail activities in the first years of its existence, the association looks at the road sector for the first time in a report published for the Congress held in Munich in September 1908 entitled « Avantages et inconvénients des autobus ; leurs résultats d’exploitation » (MAUCLERE - Paris).

Between 1908 and 1960, 28 congress reports will be devoted to buses and 12 to trolleybuses.

Paris, 1924 – « Le moteur pratique des transports publics automobiles » (BONHOMME Paris)

Barcelona, 1926 - « Aménagement technique de l’autobus » (Chauchat) and « Disposition des carrosseries d’autobus » (De Croës – Bruxelles)

Rome, 1928 - « Agent de force motrice pour transports automobiles » (Guiffart)

Warsaw, 1930 – three reports dealing with « Emploi de moteurs huile lourde sur voies ferrées et sur routes » (H Arnold et F Eichelhardt), the « Perfectionnements apportés dans la construction du matériel roulant sur voies ferrées et sur routes en vue d’augmenter le confort des voyageurs… » (P Kremer) and the « Comparaison des transports en commun, chemins de fer d’intér t local, tramways, omnibus automobiles, entre eux et avec les transports particuliers… » (P. Nestrypke)

The Hague, 1932 – Many reports are at the menu : « Exploitation par trolleybus » (Ch Harmel - R Vente), « Horaires économiques pour tramways et lignes d’autobus sur les sections o il y a une circulation tr s dense… » (Nieuwenhuis), « Comparaison des transports en commun, chemins de fer d’intér t local, tramways, omnibus automobiles – le rail et la route » (P Jourdain), and the « Meilleures dispositions adopter pour la carrosserie des automobiles des transports en commun, tant urbains que ruraux » (Ponset - Métayer).

Berlin, 1934 – For the first, reports are translated in English : « Tramways – Autobus – Trolleybus ; essais de coordination et résultats financiers » (R Vente), « Emploi des métaux légers dans la construction du matériel roulant (tramway et autobus) » (H Zehnder - A Hugh and « Utilisation du moteur Diesel ; état actuel de la question d’apr s les derni res expériences » (M Preus - R Stuart-Pilcher)

Also published at the same congress but not translated: « Ateliers : disposition et organisation ; travaux d’entretien du matériel roulant. Tramways et autobus… » (J Devienne – Br Dziugiell) and « Rail et route »

Vienna, 1937 – « Les carburants pour moteurs d’automotrices lég res et d’autobus » (W Wilsens) and « Emploi sur les véhicules de transport en commun des moteurs huile lourde » (Vergniole)

Zürich – Bern, 1939 – “Motorbus rolling material in all countries” (Larchier) and “Working and comparison of the various means of traction: progress and development of omnibuses in Great Britain” (J L Gunn)

Stockholm, 1949 – “The designs of rolling stock for rapid services, speedy fare collection and reduced occupation of road surface: motorbuses” (J L Daubresse – R Dehon)

Edinburgh, 1951 – “Power transmission from engine to wheels in motorbuses” (M Paribeni - V Leuzzi)

1995 51st Paris The Bus Transit System - its Contribution to Promoting Mobility & Quality of Life

1997 52nd Stuttgart Propellants of the Future

1998 report of Gas Buses

1999 53rd Toronto The development of the hybrid vehicle in Europe, The drive towards the non-polluting bus, Modular systems (Alcan), Zero emission (Evobus), Think tram - use buses (IT).

2000 report of Hybrid Buses

2001 54th London CNG & FC buses, Improving bus productivity via bus priority systems, FC buses (Evobus)

2003 55th Madrid SORT, Transmilenio BRT Bogota, NEFLEET FC buses (Mercedes)

Bus evolution et standardisation /

1978

European Bus of the Future / 2006

Bus Tendenzen / 1987

10 11

Congress reports since 1961

1961 34th Copenhagen Air Suspension

1963 35th Rome Characteristics of Standardised Motorbuses for Urban & Regional Passenger Transport Operation

1965 36th Tel Aviv Use of Light Weight Metals & Plastic Materials in Motorbus Construction

1967 37th Barcelona Measurement of Bus Noise & Air Pollution

1969 38th London Standardisation of Motorbuses

1971 39th Rome Motorbus of Tomorrow

1973 40th The Hague Motorbus & Environment

1975 41st Nice Motorbus & Man / Maintenance & Reliability of Motorbuses

1977 42nd Montreal Development of the Bus & its Integration in Modern Transport Systems, Dial-a-Bus & Taxi Services Included

1979 43rd Helsinki Technical & Economic Aspects of Articulated Buses

1981 44th Dublin Comparisons of Large Capacity Buses, Progress in Standardisation

1983 45th Rio de Janeiro Simple & Reliable Buses for Difficult Operating Conditions

1985 46th Brussels The Motorbus in the year 2000 / Recommendations 1985

1987 47th Lausanne Optimisation & Bus Maintenance by Computer, Optimum Size of Small Buses

1989 48th Budapest Buses & Environment: Reducing Exhaust Pollution Maintenance within the Undertaking?

1991 49th Stockholm Defining the Low-Floor Bus

1993 50th Sydney Thoughts on the Economics of Buses: Acquisition, Operation, Service Life

Bus Conferences

Brugge 1995 Intermediate Mode of Public Transport

Nürnberg 1998 Diesel-Electric Buses with Hybrid Drive

Maastricht 2001 Innovation in Road Public Transport

Brisbane 2004 Bus systems driving cities forward

Bogota 2007 Bus system without limits!

Lyon 2010 Do green buses bring more customers?

Istanbul 2012 Think Bus! Cost-effectiveness of buses

Rio 2014 Grow with Bus

BUS COMMITTEE – THE ROUTE FROM 1960 TO 2016

NO. CITY DATE CHAIRMAN

1 meeting Brussels 11 October 1960 C. GUZZANTI <IT>

2 meeting Brussels 20 December 1961 C. GUZZANTI

3 meeting Brussels 21 February 1962 C. GUZZANTI

4 meeting Pisa 5 June 1962 C. GUZZANTI

5 meeting Paris 5 November 1962 C. GUZZANTI

6 meeting Edinburgh 11-12 June 1963 C. GUZZANTI

7 meeting Taormina 9-10 December 1963 C. GUZZANTI

8 meeting Brussels 20 January 1964 C. GUZZANTI

9 meeting Bern 26-27 May 1964 C. GUZZANTI

10 meeting Pisa 14-15 December 1964 C. GUZZANTI

11 meeting Hamburg 7-8 October 1965 C. GUZZANTI

12 meeting Lyon-Paris 25-28 April 1966 C. GUZZANTI

13 meeting Rome 19-21 October 1966 C. GUZZANTI

14 meeting Brussels 15-16 February 1967 C. GUZZANTI (deputy M. FLONER)

15 meeting Leyland 7-8 November 1967 C. GUZZANTI (deputy W. LITTLE)

16 meeting Hamburg 2-3 April 1968 C. GUZZANTI

17 meeting Turin 4-5 December 1968 C. GUZZANTI

18 meeting Stockholm 10-11 June 1969 C. GUZZANTI

19 meeting Madrid 15-16 October 1969 C. GUZZANTI

20 meeting Paris 5-6 May 1970 C. GUZZANTI (deputy A. FLURY)

21 meeting New York 19-22 October 1970 C. GUZZANTI (deputy A. FLURY)

22 meeting Rotterdam 22-23 June 1971 Yves SAVARY <F>

23 meeting Edinburgh 7-8 September 1971 Yves SAVARY

24 meeting Brussels 7-8 December 1971 Yves SAVARY

25 meeting Hamburg 30-31 May 1972 Yves SAVARY

26 meeting Prague 28-29 September 1972 Yves SAVARY

27 meeting Florence 19-20 June 1973 Yves SAVARY

28 meeting Geneva 27-28 November 1973 Yves SAVARY

29 meeting Paris 4-5 April 1974 Yves SAVARY

30 meeting Barcelona 8-9 October 1974 Yves SAVARY

HISTORY LIST OF ALL BUS COMMITTEE MEETING PLACES

12 13

BUS COMMITTEE CHAIRMEN

1. C GUZZANTI – Azienda Tramvie e Autobus del Comune di Roma (ATAC) - Rome2. Yves SAVARY – Régie Autonome des Transports Parisiens (RATP) - Paris3. André BRECHBÜHL – Verkehrsbetriebe der Stadt Zürich (VBZ) - Zurich4. Claus LUND – Hovedstadsomradets Trafikselskab (HT) - Copenhagen5. Jean-Claude MOQUET - Régie Autonome des Transports Parisiens (RATP) - Paris6. Simon BROWN – London Buses Limited – London7. Henk WALING – Noord-Zuid-Hollandse Vervoer Maatschappij (NZH) – Haarlem8. Oscar SBERT LOZANO – Transports Metropolitans de Barcelona (TMB) – Barcelone9. Ezio CASTAGNA – CTM S.p.A. – Cagliari

10. Thierry WAGENKNECHT – Transports Publics Genevois (TPG) – Geneva11. Mike WESTON – Transport for London (TfL) – London

1

5 9

2

7 8

3 4

10 11

31 meeting Edinburgh 2-3 September 1975 Yves SAVARY

32 meeting Stockholm 1-2 June 1976 Yves SAVARY

33 meeting Rotterdam 13-14 October 1976 Yves SAVARY

34 meeting Brussels 13-14 September 1977 Yves SAVARY

35 meeting Budapest 6-7 April 1978 Yves SAVARY

36 meeting Hamburg 7-8 September 1978 Yves SAVARY

37 meeting Zürich 27-28 September 1979 André BRECHBÜHL <CH>

38 meeting Paris 27-28 March 1980 André BRECHBÜHL

39 meeting Edinburgh 23-24 October 1980 André BRECHBÜHL

40 meeting Stockholm 3-4 September 1981 André BRECHBÜHL

41 meeting Rotterdam 4-5 March 1982 André BRECHBÜHL

42 meeting Salzburg 13-15 October 1982 André BRECHBÜHL

43 meeting Brussels 1 December 1982 André BRECHBÜHL

44 meeting Barcelona 22-23 September 1983 André BRECHBÜHL

45 meeting Cumbria 12-13 April 1984 André BRECHBÜHL

46 meeting San Remo 13-14 September 1984 André BRECHBÜHL

47 meeting Budapest 12-13 September 1985 André BRECHBÜHL

48 meeting Brussels 17-18 April 1986 André BRECHBÜHL

49 meeting Bremen 4-5 September 1986 André BRECHBÜHL

50 meeting Venise 7-8 September 1987 Claus LUND <DK>

51 meeting Paris 24-25 March 1988 Claus LUND

52 meeting Copenhagen 01-02 September 1988 Claus LUND

53 meeting Zürich 01-02 September 1989 Claus LUND

54 meeting Rotterdam 22-23 March 1990 Jean Claude MOQUET <F>

55 meeting Milan 6-7 September 1990 Jean Claude MOQUET

56 meeting Hamburg 5-6 September 1991 Jean Claude MOQUET

57 meeting London 23-26 February 1992 Jean Claude MOQUET

58 meeting Paris 2-3 September 1992 Jean Claude MOQUET

59 meeting Salzburg 30-31 August 1993 Jean Claude MOQUET

60 meeting Utrecht 15-16 March 1994 Simon BROWN <UK>

61 meeting Budapest 24-25 October 1994 Simon BROWN

62 meeting Bruges 30-31 August 1995 Simon BROWN

63 meeting Porto 27-28 March 1996 Simon BROWN

64 meeting Copenhagen 23-24 September 1996 Simon BROWN

65 meeting Milan 11-12 September 1997 Simon BROWN

66 meeting Barcelona 19-21 March 1998 Simon BROWN

67 meeting Florence 9-11 September 1998 Simon BROWN

68 meeting Geneva 3-5 November 1999 Henk WALING <NL>

69 meeting Prague 22-23 March 2000 Henk WALING

70 meeting Avignon 19-20 October 2000 Henk WALING

71 meeting Berlin 25-26 September 2001 Henk WALING

72 meeting Belfast 21-22 March 2002 Henk WALING

73 meeting Cagliari 24-25 October 2002 Henk WALING

74 meeting Lüdenscheid 26-28 March 2003 Henk WALING

75 meeting Trieste 2-3 October 2003 Oscar SBERT LOZANO <ES>

76 meeting Amsterdam 1-2 April 2004 Oscar SBERT LOZANO

77 meeting Riga 3-5 November 2004 Oscar SBERT LOZANO

78 meeting Marseilles 20-22 April 2005 Oscar SBERT LOZANO

79 meeting London 12-14 October 2005 Oscar SBERT LOZANO

80 meeting Budapest 5-7 April Oscar SBERT LOZANO

81 meeting Vienna 11-13 October Oscar SBERT LOZANO

82 meeting Barcelona 16-17 April Oscar SBERT LOZANO

83 meeting Verona 21-23 November Ezio CASTAGNA <IT>

84 meeting Warsaw 14-16 May Ezio CASTAGNA

85 meeting Paris 1-3 October Ezio CASTAGNA

86 meeting Prague 1-3 April Ezio CASTAGNA

87 meeting Porto 23-24 September Ezio CASTAGNA

88 meeting Geneva 14-16 April Ezio CASTAGNA

89 meeting Luxemburg 13-15 October Ezio CASTAGNA

90 meeting Cagliari 28-29 April Ezio CASTAGNA

91 meeting Berlin 5-7 October Thierry WAGENKNECHT <CH>

92 meeting stanbul 18 April Thierry WAGENKNECHT

93 meeting Brussels 16 October Thierry WAGENKNECHT

94 meeting Madrid 18 April Thierry WAGENKNECHT

95 meeting Bologna 23-24 October Thierry WAGENKNECHT

96 meeting Copenhagen 22-23 May Thierry WAGENKNECHT

97 meeting Rio 7 November Thierry WAGENKNECHT

98 meeting Milan 7 June Thierry WAGENKNECHT

99 meeting Manchester 19-20 November Mike WESTON <UK>

100 meeting Prague 12-13 May Mike WESTON

14 15

www.uitp.orgwww.dpp.cz