Types of Cells

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Homework

• Quiz on Monday– Parts of Microscope– Parts of a Cell

Prokaryote vs. Eukaryote

Prokaryote:

-has no

organelles

(no nucleus)

Eukaryote:

-has organelles

(has a nucleus)

Both:

-are living

-have DNA

-are cells

EurkaryotesProkaryotes

Prokaryotes Eukaryotes

•Single celled organisms•No nucleus•No membrane-bound organelles•Bacteria

smallest cell•Achaea

•Multicellular•Nucleus enclosed•Membrane bound•Types•Animal•Fungi•plants

Prokaryotes

Eukaryotes

Plant Animal•Oval Shape•Chloroplast—where photosynthesis takes place—two membrane and DNA•Cell Wall•Golgi Complex•Cytoskeleton•Mitochondrion•Cell Membrane•Cytoplasm•Ribosome•Endoplasmic Reticulum•Large Central Vacuole

Parts—Circle Shape•Nucleus•Lysosomes •Golgi Complex•Cytoskeleton•Mitochondrion•Cell Membrane•Cytoplasm•Ribosome•Endoplasmic Reticulum

Plant Cell

Animal Cell

Cell PartsOrganelles: “little organs”

Think of a cell as a factory- lots of separate people, departments, and machines that each have their own

task, but they work together to get a job done.

• Cell Membrane (like factory doors and gates): surround the cell

• provide communication with other cells

• control entrance and exit of materials, thereby maintaining internal balance

Cell Membrane

Nucleus • Cell nucleus (like the factory

central office): the “boss” of the cell

• Directs all cell activities

• Separated by a nuclear membrane (it’s own “cell wall”)

• Contains genetic material - DNA

Cytoplasm

• Cytoplasm (like the factory floor): contains and carries all other organelles

• Gel-like material; the “goop” of the cell

Endoplasmic Reticulum

• Endoplasmic reticulum (like factory conveyor belts): move materials around in cell

• Smooth type: has no ribosomes

• Rough type (pictured): has ribosomes in surface

Ribosomes

• Ribosomes (like the factory assembly line): put together proteins

• Each cell contains thousands

• Found on reticulum and floating throughout the cell

Mitochondria

• Mitochondria (like the factory generator): the “power plant” of the cell

• Produces energy through chemical reactions – breaking down fats & carbohydrates

Lysosome• Lysosomes (like the factory

waste management dpartment): the “wrecking crew” and “trash can” of the cell

• Transports undigested material to cell membrane for removal

• Cell breaks down if lysosome explodes or ruptures

Homework

• Create an analogy or story that describes the functions of the organelles of a an animals cells

• Look at the example of the cell factory• Two options:

– Draw a picture and label the organelles like the cell factory ( must be colorful)

– Write a mini story

• Worth 20 points