Turkey: Reluctant Mediterranean Power

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    Mediterranean PaPer SerieS 2011

    tUrKeY: reLUCtant Mediterranean POWer

    Meliha Benli AltunkKemal Kirici

    Nathalie Tocci

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    2011 Te German Marshall Fund o the United States. All rights reserved.

    No part o this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any orm or by any means without permission in writingrom the German Marshall Fund o the United States (GMF). Please direct inquiries to:

    Te German Marshall Fund o the United States1744 R Street, NWWashington, DC 20009

    1 202 683 2650F 1 202 265 1662E in o@gm us.org

    Tis publication can be downloaded or ree at www.gm us.org/publications. Limited printcopies are also available. o request a copy, send an e-mail to in o@gm us.org.

    GMF P p S sTe GMF Paper Series presents research on a variety o transatlantic topics by sta , ellows, and partners o the GermanMarshall Fund o the United States. Te views expressed here are those o the author and do not necessarily represent the views o GMF. Comments rom readers are welcome; reply to the mailing address above or by e-mail to in o@gm us.org.

    abou GMFTe German Marshall Fund o the United States (GMF) is a non-partisan American public policy and grantmaking institu-tion dedicated to promoting better understanding and cooperation between North America and Europe on transatlanticand global issues.

    GMF does this by supporting individuals and institutions working in the transatlantic sphere, by convening leaders andmembers o the policy and business communities, by contributing research and analysis on transatlantic topics, and by pro- viding exchange opportunities to oster renewed commitment to the transatlantic relationship. In addition, GMF supports anumber o initiatives to strengthen democracies.

    Founded in 1972 through a gi rom Germany as a permanent memorial to Marshall Plan assistance, GMF maintains astrong presence on both sides o the Atlantic. In addition to its headquarters in Washington, DC, GMF has seven o cesin Europe: Berlin, Paris, Brussels, Belgrade, Ankara, Bucharest, and Warsaw. GMF also has smaller representations inBratislava, urin, and Stockholm.

    About the Mediterranean Policy ProgramTe Mediterranean Policy Program promotes transatlantic analysis and dialogue on issues a ecting Southern Europe, NorthA rica, the Levant, and the Mediterranean basin. Priority areas include: understanding trends in Mediterranean societies;exploring opportunities or south-south cooperation and integration; research on key unctional issues a ecting Mediter-ranean security and development; and strengthening the North American policy debate on the region and transatlanticcooperation on Mediterranean strategy.

    abou is u o aff i z o lTe Istituto A ari Internazionali (IAI), ounded by Altiero Spinelli in 1965, does research in the felds o oreign policy,political economics, and international security. A non-proft organization, the IAI aims to disseminate knowledge throughresearch studies, con erences, and publications. o that end, it cooperates with other research institutes, universities, and

    oundations in Italy and abroad and is a member o various international networks. More specifcally, the main researchsectors are European institutions and policies, Italian oreign policy, trends in the global economy and internationalization

    processes in Italy, the Mediterranean and the Middle East, de ense economy and policy, and transatlantic relations. Te IAIputs out an English-language quarterly ( Te International Spectator ), an online webzine ( AfarInternazionali ), a series o research papers (Quaderni IAI) and an Italian oreign policy yearbook ( La Politica Estera dellItalia).

    Cover photo: Frances President Nicolas Sarkozy (L) welcomes urkeys Prime Minister Recep ayyip Erdogan (R) at thestart o a EU-Mediterranean summit in Paris, July 13, 2008. Charles Platiau/Reuters/Corbis

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