Tuning 2000/XP/.NET

What should you tweak,

and what should you replace?

Presented by Mark Minasiauthor of Mastering Windows 2000 Server

MR&D / www.minasi.com/gethelp

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Tuning 2000/XP/.NET

What should you tweak,

and what should you replace?

Presented by Mark Minasiauthor of Mastering Windows 2000 Server

MR&D / www.minasi.com/gethelp

Overview

Tools for tuning Five tuning methods Takin’ Out the Trash Tuning disk subsystems Tuning memory subsystems Tuning CPUs Tuning NICs

Tuning Tools

Performance Logs and Alerts (perfmon) – but don’t worry, you needn’t look at every single thing that Perfmon offers!

Task Manager logman – command-line perfmon logger Another excellent tool: Network Monitor (Netmon) Some nifty free Sysinternals tools: pagedfrg, contig,

Process Explorer Msconfig

Meet Perfmonthe Performance Monitor

You’ve probably looked at it before Things are grouped into “objects” and objects

are divided into “counters” Example: things related to the CPUs are in

an object called “processor” Lets you either log info long-term or view in

real time

Perfmon Tips

Use Perfmon on one computer to log another computer

Alerts can be useful, even if they’re simple The key to using Perfmon is in finding a

small number of things to log, and looking at them periodically

Click the “Ask a question” button in the lower left section of your screen to submit a question.

Tuning Basics

The object of tuning is to find the bottleneck Bottlenecks are where the computer spends most

of its time, the binding constraint File servers bottleneck in different places than

applications servers File servers bottleneck on the network card

interface and the disk interface App servers bottleneck on memory and CPU power

Five Tuning Solutions

1. Delete useless junk (programs that waste resources, unnecessary services)

2. Buy faster hardware

3. Reconfigure the hardware for better throughput (i.e., registry tweaks)

4. Clean resources

5. Move loads (apps) to other systems

Eliminating Junk

Fire up Task Manager and ask: What is all that stuff?

MSconfig32 can help So can Process Explorer and Autoruns from

www.sysinternals.com Then go after the services

Click the “Ask a question” button in the lower left section of your screen to submit a question.

Autoruns from Sysinternals

Process Explorer

Process Explorer

Killing Unnecessary Services

Workstation services:– Server/computer browser– Any Web/FTP server– Wireless Zero Configuration (unless 802.1x)– WebClient (unless you know you need it)– Infrared Monitor… and tons others; look your

system over and experiment Tune your personal firewall/antivirus software

Disk TuningDisk Tuningcounters and solutionscounters and solutions

Disk TuningDisk Tuningcounters and solutionscounters and solutions

Must use diskperf –y on W2k and reboot… but it’s no longer necessary on XP/.NET

You want to see:– Physical Disk / Percent disk time < 90– Physical Disk / queue length <= 2

Solutions: faster interfaces (UDMA-133) faster host adapters (SCSI), bus mastering (if it doesn’t already exist), move processes

Disk Tuning

If using two EIDE drives, put them on different channels

Use NTFS… not FAT32 Defrag volumes periodically Sysinternal’s “contig” will make a particular

file contiguous On an AD DC, defrag Active Directory with

NTDSUTIL

Network TuningNetwork Tuningwhat to watchwhat to watch

Network TuningNetwork Tuningwhat to watchwhat to watch

Network Interface/Output Queue Length <= 2 Look for increases in Server object, counter

– Blocking requests rejected– Errors system– Pool non-paged failures, pool paged failures– Sessions errored out

Rearrange binding order or provider order if you have multiple protocols

Kill unnecessary protocols

Memory Tuningpagefile optimization

Defrag pagefile with Sysinternals’ free pagedfrg.exe

You no longer need a pagefile >= RAM if you choose minidumps or kernel memory dumps

Spread pagefile over several physical drives This, of course, only makes sense if those

drives run asynchronously

Memory Tuningsizing pagefiles: general info

You cannot have too large of a pagefile – you don’t slow down your system; although, of course, you may burn too much disk space

Set maximum pagefile size = minimum And provide space for crashdumps

Click the “Ask a question” button in the lower left section of your screen to submit a question.

Memory Tuningsizing pagefiles: specifics

Size with XP’s Task Manager / Performance / Commit Charge (K) / Peak or log Perfmon’s Memory/Committed Bytes counter, take peak

Note that they may not match, as Perfmon and Taskman poll at different intervals

This will almost always be more than you’ll ever need – look at Paging File / % Usage Peak

Tuning CPUsperfmon counters

Processor counters; want to see:– percent CPU time < 80 percent– System/Processor Queue Length <= 2 on UP

system Run the histogram to find out who are the

hogs

And for heaven’s sake don’t run the silly 3D screensavers!

Thank you for attending!

You can find me at help@minasi.com Don’t forget the evaluations! Free tech newsletter at www.minasi.com Seminar information also Join our tech forum at

www.minasi.com/forum

Audience Q&A

Time for YOU to ask questions!

Mark is now taking questions from the audience on Tuning and Monitoring XP Win2k & Net Server. Click the “Ask a question” button in the lower left section of your screen to submit a question.

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