Tunicates. Botrylloides violaceous Orange, red, pink, or yellow sheet Solid color, very little tunic...
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Transcript of Tunicates. Botrylloides violaceous Orange, red, pink, or yellow sheet Solid color, very little tunic...
![Page 1: Tunicates. Botrylloides violaceous Orange, red, pink, or yellow sheet Solid color, very little tunic between zooids Large zooids, openings obvious.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062712/56649cad5503460f9496efed/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Tunicates
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Botrylloides violaceous
• Orange, red, pink, or yellow sheet• Solid color, very little tunic between zooids
Large zooids, openings obvious
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Botryllus schlosseriStar shapes arrangement of zooids
• Often black & white, but can be orange
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Botrylloides v. Botryllus
• Orange morph of Botryllus rare, but, star-shape is the giveaway!• Botrylloides can have looser zooid structure
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Ciona intestinalis
Red dot at end of intestine
• Clear solitary
• No color on siphons
Yellow band or clear at tips of siphons
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Ciona savingyiSpots of color at tips of siphons
No red dot at end of intestine
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Which is which?
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Ascidiella aspersa
• Firm transparent test, snags detritus• Tentacles in siphons• Elongate oval
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Molgula manhattansis
• Sea grape – small, round, like a peeled grape
• Ascidiella is elongate and opaque in comparison
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Molgula citrina
• More color than M. manhattensis• Potentially more fouled tunic
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Dendrodoa carnea
• Small (<2cm), pink• Squashed looking
Small stubby round siphons
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Halocynthia pyriformis
• Sea peach• Larger (up to 10cm)
Siphons almost square
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Aplidium pallidum
• Sea pork - because it looks like a hunk of lard
• White & clear
• Occurs in chunks
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Didemnum vexillum
• Think drippy sheet
• Pendulous lobes common
• Peeling away from rock
• Yellow-ish white
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Didemnum vexillum
Solid sheet, speckled with zooids & oscula
• Typically very thick
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Didemnum albidum
• Solid white sheet
• VERY tight zooids
• Some oscula
• Thin & smooth
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Diplosoma listerianum
• Thin diaphanous sheet
• Can be greyish and/or yellowish
• Like an odd plastic sheet
Can have conspicuous oscula
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Styela Clava
• Tunicate on a stalk!
• Large rough pleated body
• Curved siphon
• Can be found in the frozen section of Hmart
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Styela Clava
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Boltenia ovifera
• Stalked tunicate
• Round zooid, like a lollipop
• Smooth
• Typically deep-water
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Boltenia echinata
• Stalked tunicate
• Cactus-like with many spiky projections
• Short stalk
• Rare
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The Stalked Ones
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Bryozoans
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Bugula turrita
Like a colony of Christmas trees
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Bugula fulva
• Similar to B. neritina, but white/yellowish• Distinctive forking branches
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Bugula neritina
Purple
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Tricellaria inopinata
• Short dense tufts• Heavily calcified – crunchy to the touch
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Crisia eburnea
• Very fine
•Spindly, feathery
• Bugula is much more solid
• Not always very regular
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Dendrobeania murrayana
• Small fans
• Thick lattice
• Like a lace tree
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Electra pilosa
Encrusting stars
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Membranipora membranacea
• White crust
• Amorphous
• Fouling on algae
• Blocky zooids give delicate appearance
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Lichenopora verrucaria
• White
• Often circular growth
• Thicker in center, like luchen
• On hard substrate
Lichenopora
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Schizoporella unicornis
• Bumpy thick crust
• Mix of orange and white
• Amorphous, on rocky substrate
Zooids like open pores
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Schizomavella auriculata
• Bumpy thick crust
• JUST orange/orange cream soda
• Amorphous, on rocky substrate
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Sponges
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Cliona sp.
• Bright yellow
• Often boring into something rocky
Large oscula
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Hymedesmia sp. 1 Blue
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Hymedesmia sp. 1 Orange Sheet
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Halisarca dujardini
SLIMY!!!
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Leucosolenia sp. Many Tubes
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Scypha sp. • Small tubes
• Vase-like
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Isodictya palmata
• Palmate• Orange palms, not so branching
Can have conspicuous oscula
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Haliclona oculata
Cream-Orange Branching fingers
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Microciona prolifera
• MANY red fingers
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Halichondria panicea • MANY forms
• Often oscula obvious
• Texture of bread crumbs when broken apart
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Hydroids
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Abietinaria abietina
Coarsely branching
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Sertularia sp.Finer feathery branching
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Ectopleura crocea
Pink rosette tips, like flowers
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Obelia spp.
• Fine and frilly
• Lace-like covering
• Often epiphytic
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Anemones
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Cerianthus borealis
• In sandy areas
• Sand-tube around body
• Long distinct arms
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Diadumene lineata
Body has lines
Often quite small
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Metridium senile
• Body can be yellow or white
• Frilly plumulose arms
• Often very large
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Urticina felinaMulticolored banded arms
Many colors possible
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Fagesia lineata
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Molluscs
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Modilus modiolus v. Mytilus edulis
Modiolus Mytlius
Flat & Brown-red Pointed & Blue-Grey
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Crepidula fornicata
• Rounded
• Forms stacks
• Often fouled
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Anomia sp.
• Irregular shell
• Encrusting & pressed on rock