L E S S O N 5

2ND BATXILERAT 14-15

1

A FOR AND AGAINST ESSAY

• First paragraph

• Rephrase the statement you are going to discuss

• Say this statement has two sides

“There is heated debate about whether people should be able to drive a car before they are twenty, or not.

• There are both advantages and disadvantages to this idea”.

• I will consider arguments for and against this statement.

2

SOME ERRORS IN YOUR ESSAYS

• In other hand, not all young people are

irresponsable.

• People thinks that drivers that has not arrived to

their 20’s are irresponsible.

• In my opinion, teenagers are enough responsible

when they have 18 to drive a car.

• They need the car for work and study.

• In Spain, all persons can learn to drive when they

have 18 years old.

3

CORRECTED VERSION

• On the other hand, not all young people are

irresponsible.

• People think that drivers that have not reached to

their 20’s are irresponsible.

• In my opinion, teenagers are responsible enough to

drive a car when they are 18.

• They need a car to work and study.

• In Spain, everybody can learn to drive when they

are 18 years old.

4

ENOUGH

• ENOUGH + NOUN + INFINITIVE WITH TO

• I don’t have enough money to buy a car

• ADJECTIVE + ENOUGH + INFINITIVE WITH TO

• She is not rich enough to buy a car

5

SIGHTS

A comforting

grandpa makes a

difference (que

consuela)

He was flustered after

hearing the news (nervioso /

aturdido) The man in Much’s

picture The Scream

is aghast.

(horrorizado)The dispirited team ended the

tour with another defeat

(desanimado)6

ADJECTIVES + PREPOSITIONS

Familiar, annoyed, satisfied

Conscious, capable,

characteristic, aware, ashamed

at

Amazed, annoyed, excellent,

shocked

of

Worried, annoyed, serious, anxious with

Sorry to

Indifferent about

for

7

8

CONDITIONALS

• They have a

• main clause

• A subordinate or “if clause”

• Both the conditional and the subordinate clause

can start the sentence, but if the subordinate

clause comes first, then you must remember to use

a comma.

• If I were a rich man, I will build a big house.

• I will build a big house if I were a rich man

9

ZERO CONDITIONAL TO TALK ABOUT THE PRESENT

• We use it to talk about general truths and

things we believe to be true generally

• If + present simple + present simple• If I am sad, he is happy.

• If I am (not) sad, he is (not) happy

• Is he happy if I am sad?

• He is happy if I am sad.

• If you heat water, it boils

• If you travel to Madrid, it is best to take the train.

• It is best to take the train if you travel to Madrid.

10

SECOND CONDITIONAL TO TALK ABOUT THE PRESENT

• We use it to talk about things in the present that

are hypothetical. Things we think are unlikely or

impossible, or things that are opposite of the facts

• If + past simple, + would + base form• If I worked around here, I’d walk to the office

• If I were a millionaire, I would have a castle in Ireland

• If he were younger, he would come with us.

• If I had wings, I would fly to Majorca.

• * We use were with to be for all the persons.

11

FIRST CONDITIONAL TO REFER TO THE FUTURE

• It is used to talk about things that are possible and may happen in the future

• If

• Unless (if not)

• If I go to Paris, I will visit the Tour Eiffel

Negative

• If you don’t come for lunch, I will cook paella.• If you come for lunch, I won’t cook paella.

• If you don’t come fore lunch, I won’t cook paella

InterrogativeWill + base form + if + present

• Will you come if I cook paella?

+ present simple, + will + base

form

12

THIRD CONDITIONAL TO REFER TO THE PAST

• We use it to reflect on things that happened or

didn’t happen in the past and how changing these

events might have made a difference.

• If + past perfect, + would + have +

past participle

• If he had known his mother was dying, he

would have visited her

more often

13

PREPOSITIONS

• http://elihinkel.org/tips/prepositions.htm

14

PREPOSITIONS 2

15

16

17

GET YOUR OWN WAY / SALIRTE CON LA TUYA

18

COVER UP (ALREADY IN LESSON 3) / ESCONDER

19

FOOL PEOPLE / ENGAÑAR

20

KEEP TRACK /HACER UN SEGUIMIENTO

21

CATCH OUT / PILLAR

22

UNTRUSTWORTHY / NO SE PUEDECONFIAR

23

IN A PERFECT WORLD…

24

ON TIME (PUNTUAL)IN TIME (A TIEMPO PARA…)

• I did not arrive at the airport on time,

however I was still in time as the flight

was one hour late.

25

ERRORS FROM YOUR PERSONAL DESCRIPTIONS

• Throughout his life she suffered numerous nerve

crises.

• She is a super mum because, although it has to

battle with two pre-teens,…

• I am going to talk about my mother because she is

the most important person in my life and I admire

here a lot of.

• He could seems crazy.

• His length is 1,85m.

26

• Throughout her life she suffered from numerous

nerve crises.

• She is a super mum because, although she has to

battle with two pre-teens…

• I am going to talk about my mother because she is

the most important person in my life, and I admire

here a lot.

• He could seem crazy.

• He is 1,85 mts. tall

27

28

@Argyle_Sweater

+SHARING A FLAT WITH FRIENDS

• I’d r _______ share a flat, but it has

Advantages and disadvantages

• The t______ is my parents want to control my life!

• The big a _________ is that you can learn to look after yourself.

• The g_____ thing is that it won’t cost you anything.

• Another good p _______ is that your dinner will be on the table when you get home.

• One of the d__________ is that no one want to do the housework.

• Living with friends has downsides, too!

Rather

great

trouble

advantage

point

drawbacks

+MAKING SUGGESTIONS

• What ___________ we do this summer?

• _______ have dinner at an Italian restaurant!

• How ________ going cycling this weekend?

• ________ don’t we go to the movies tomorrow?

• I ______________ we visit the science museum.

• We ________ go to a concert this weekend

shall

Let’s

about

Why

suggest

could

CHILD SOLDIERS

31

…Let’s / how about… / why don’t we…

/ we could

32

GREETINGS AND CLOSINGS IN FORMAL LETTERS

• When you do not know the last name of the person

you are addressing

• Dear Sir /Madam - Yours faithfully

• When you know their surname

• Ms. – When you do not know if the woman you are

addressing is married or single. It is pronounced “Mizz” – THE

MOST COMMON FORMULA

• Mrs. – a married woman

• Miss – A single woman - Yours sincerely

33

34

Formal register Informal register

assistance, help

due to because of

enquire ask

further, more

inform tell

information facts

Obtain / receive get

Occupation / position job

Possess have

Provide give

Repair Fix

Enquire / request Ask for

Reserve book

verify Check / prove

requirements needs

+USEFUL PHRASES

Previous Contact• Thank you for your letter of …(date)

• Thank you for your letter.

• Further to your last letter, …

• With reference to your email of… (date)

Reason for email

• We are writing to inform you that …

• Just a short note to let you know that …

• I’m writing about …

• I am writing with regard to …

+

Adrian O’Donnell – Lado Business

English Specialists

USEFUL PHRASES II

Good news

• You will be pleased to hear that …

• We are able to confirm that …

• We can confirm that …

Bad news/Apologising

• I apologise for …

• We regret to inform you that …

• Sorry for …

• Unfortunately, …

+

Adrian O’Donnell – Lado Business

English Specialists

USEFUL PHRASES III

Requests• I would be grateful if you could …

• I wonder if you could …

• Do you think I could have …