Tsunami Warning and Tsunami Warning and Mitigation SystemMitigation System

Masahiro YamamotoMasahiro YamamotoTsunami UnitTsunami UnitIntergovernmental Oceanographic Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC)Commission (IOC)UNESCOUNESCO

Tsunami Early Warning System

--effective utilization of existing systems---O upstream

detection, verification, tsunami forecast, dissemination of tsunami warning,

intergovernmental O downstream

delivery of warnings, initiate national counter-measures, prepare and implement standardized reaction

IOC co-ordinates Tsunami Warning Systems as an end-to-end system

1010

IOC in UN partnershipIOC in UN partnership

ISDR

IOC

WMO

Warning guidanceHazard assessmentMitigation

Communication (GTS)Multi-hazard

Public awarenessPreparedness

EarthquakEarthquake Tsunamie Tsunami

Tsunami Tsunami Warning Warning CenterCenter

International - Regional Framework

National Warning System Public Awareness

National Government

Local Government

PeoplePeople

Mass Media

Where is Evacuation Route?

What is Tsunami?

TSUNAMI Early Warning Overview

Cabinet Office Japan

• Hazard Risk Assessment• Warning Guidance• Mitigation - Preparedness

Indian OceanIndian OceanWhere are we now?Where are we now? All countries of the Indian Ocean All countries of the Indian Ocean

participateparticipate Interim Tsunami Advisory Interim Tsunami Advisory

Information from centers in Hawaii Information from centers in Hawaii and Tokyoand Tokyo

National 24/7 Tsunami Focal PointNational 24/7 Tsunami Focal Point Governance – UN/IOC through Governance – UN/IOC through

IntergovernmentalIntergovernmental Group Group (ICG/IOTWS)(ICG/IOTWS)

What is the System?What is the System?

The system must be:The system must be: Based on open and free data and Based on open and free data and

information exchangeinformation exchange Based on international and Based on international and

multilateral cooperationmultilateral cooperation Effective utilization of existing Effective utilization of existing

infrastructure; seismic, sea level, infrastructure; seismic, sea level, communicationcommunication

8m以上

8m 2m～4m 2m～2m 1m～1m以下

8m以上

8m 2m～4m 2m～2m 1m～1m以下

8m以上

8m 2m～4m 2m～2m 1m～1m以下

データベース

Major Tsunami

Tsunami

Tsunami Attention

オホーツク海沿岸

北海道日本海沿岸北部

宮城県

岩手県

青森県太平洋沿岸

陸奥湾青森県日本海沿岸

北海道太平洋沿岸中部

北海道太平洋沿岸東部

北海道太平洋沿岸西部

北海道日本海沿岸南部

Tsunami Forecast Operation for TsunamisTsunami Forecast Operation for Tsunamis from nearby Origin from nearby Origin

JMA Seismic Network

量的津波データベース

量的津波データベース

･ Quantitative Tsunami forecast(arrival time and Tsunami height)･ Tsunami warning for 66 regions

Tsunami Database

Tsunami Warning Tidal Network

Evaluation of Tsunami

Occurrence of

Earthquake

GenerationGenerationofof

TsunamiTsunami

Detection of

Seismic Wave

Determinationof

Magnitude and Hypocenter

Evaluationof

Tsunami

Issuanceof

Tsunami Warning

Issuanceof

Tsunami Information

Detection of

Tsunami

Network of seismographsNetwork of seismographs

Real time data processing systemReal time data processing system

Criteria for Tsunami grade Criteria for Tsunami grade

Communication facility to disseminateCommunication facility to disseminateTsunami Warning Tsunami Warning

Components of tsunami warning system

Network of tide gauge Network of tide gauge to monitor tsunami to monitor tsunami

What we need for Tsunami WarningWhat we need for Tsunami Warning

Real time data transmission Real time data transmission

Re-evaluationof

Tsunami

4040

WG1: Seismic Measurements

25 new / upgraded seismic stations by June 2006

4141

WG2: Sea Level Data including DARTChair: Mr. Premkumar, India

3 DART-like systemsdeployed

June 2005: IOC General Assembly June 2005: IOC General Assembly decided resolutions on the decided resolutions on the establishment of establishment of a global and a global and three regionalthree regional Intergovernmental Coordination Intergovernmental Coordination Groups on TEWS forGroups on TEWS for

-- the Indian Ocean (ICG/IOTWS)the Indian Ocean (ICG/IOTWS)

- the Caribbean (ICG/CARTWS)- the Caribbean (ICG/CARTWS)

- the NE Atlantic and Med - the NE Atlantic and Med (ICG/NEAMTWS)(ICG/NEAMTWS)

Three more regions to coordinate

GLOBAL Tsunami Warning and Mitigation

System4 Seas3 Oceans

WG1/ICG/PTWSWG1/ICG/PTWS Infrastructure of Seismic NetworkInfrastructure of Seismic Network

cooperation CTBTO, FDSN (real time)cooperation CTBTO, FDSN (real time) Filling in the network gapsFilling in the network gaps

local tsunami/national systemlocal tsunami/national system New technologies for tsunami warningNew technologies for tsunami warning

GPS, deep sea observationGPS, deep sea observation Sharing operational techniquesSharing operational techniques

develop real-time operational systemdevelop real-time operational system

Next-GenerationNext-Generation--Tsunami Warning --Tsunami Warning System--System--

Real time GPS processing systemReal time GPS processing system Enhancement of real time Enhancement of real time

analyzing systemanalyzing system Real time tsunami numerical Real time tsunami numerical

modelingmodeling

Strengthen cooperation between Strengthen cooperation between science communities and tsunami science communities and tsunami warning centerswarning centers